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中国城市污泥土地利用关注的典型有机污染物 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
污泥土地利用是国内外城市污泥主要的处置方式之一,而污泥中的有机污染物是污泥土地利用的限制性因素之一.本文分析了国内外城市污泥中有机污染物的浓度和研究现状,针对我国国情,认为多环芳烃(PAHs)是城市污泥中一种常见的有机污染物,总含量一般在1 ~ 10 mg·kg-1,有的因污水来源复杂而超过了100 mg·kg-1;壬基苯酚(NP/NPE)在我国污水处理厂污泥样品中均有检出,浓度在1~128 mg·kg-1.污泥园林绿化、林地利用、土壤改良等将是今后主要的利用方向,要实现污泥安全、环保的土地利用,多环芳烃(PAHs)和壬基苯酚(NP/NPE)将是主要考虑的典型有机污染物. 相似文献
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土地利用是城市污泥的重要处理处置方法,其有机质和养分含量是土地利用中很受关注的问题。关于中国的城市污泥虽然已有不少研究报道,但不同研究结果之间结论并不一致,且缺乏系统的总结。通过系统搜集了20世纪80年代以来全国城市污泥相关的文献资料,重点评述中国城市污泥的有机质含量及其土地利用问题。通过29个城市污泥组成的统计分析发现,中国城市污泥(不包括工业污泥)的有机质平均含量达到384g/kg,全氮、全磷和全钾分别为27、14.3和7g/kg;有机质、全氮、全磷比纯猪粪分别高出1/3~2/3,但全钾比纯猪粪低1/3。中国城市污泥的有机质含量呈逐年增加的趋势,但氮、磷含量变化规律不明显。研究证明,城市污泥在粮食作物、蔬菜、经济作物及园林绿地上使用,具有明显的肥效和改良土壤的效果。近年来,城市污泥中重金属含量越来越低,这有利用促进城市污泥的土地利用,但中国在有机污染物和病原体的危害方面研究相对较少,对城市污泥土地利用的潜在风险仍缺乏长期的定位试验研究。 相似文献
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城市污泥在矿山废弃地复垦的应用探讨 总被引:48,自引:1,他引:48
Based on the analysis of the existing problems in reclaimingabandoned mining land and their negative effect on the ecological environment,and in view of the limited factors to reclaim abandoned mining land,this paper puts forward the suggestions of using sewage sludge as an alternative in mining land reclamation.Application of sewage sludge in reclamation has beneficial effects, such as increasing organic matter content, preventing soil erosion,recovering vegetation,and promoting microbial population and its activities.Unfavorable factors including heavy metal and organic pollutant for applications of sewage sludge and their countermeasures are also discussed. 相似文献
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污泥草地利用的初步研究 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:14
对经堆处理的污泥有机肥培育结缕草(Zoysia japonica)的初步研究表明,在污泥符合农用标准条件下,以Cd为施污泥肥厚的限制因子,在施污泥有机肥45t.hm^-2(干重)以下时,在微酸性土壤(PH<6.5),土壤Cd含量低于Cd的土壤环境质量标准(0.3mg.kg^-1),地下水NO^-3-N含量低于地面水Ⅰ、Ⅱ类标准(NO^-3-N10mg.kg^-1,P0.1mg.kg^-),土壤中有机质,速效N、总N、总P分别经对照增加16%、78%、61%和140%,结缕草生物量比对照区高1倍,可以认为,污泥草地利用是一种良好途径。 相似文献
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城市污泥的合理处置是目前资源与环境科学研究领域中的重要课题之一.城市污泥因富含大量的有机质和有效营养成分,对农业土壤肥力、土壤物理结构和农业生产均有一定的积极促进作用,使得污泥农用成为可能.但城市污泥中含有的重金属、有机污染物等有害物质尤其是重金属,成为污泥农用处置的瓶颈.为提高我国城市污泥的农业资源化利用效率和减少污染物造成的负面效应,本文就国内外施用城市污泥对植物-土壤互作系统的影响及过程进行了综述,为进一步提高污泥利用效率提供理论依据和科学指导. 相似文献
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采用贵州黄壤、石灰土和浙江水稻土,通过盆栽试验探讨了在3种土壤上施用含不同浓度重金属的污泥对小麦、水稻生长及锌(Zn)镉(Cd)吸收性的影响.结果表明: 不同土壤施用同种污泥所产生的重金属污染风险不同,在黄壤和水稻土上施用高浓度重金属污泥对作物的污染风险较高.一次施用Zn、Cd浓度分别为1789、8.47 mg·kg-1的污泥1.6%,使黄壤小麦籽粒中Zn、Cd浓度分别达109、0.08 mg·kg-1;第二次施用后种植水稻,糙米中Zn、Cd浓度达52.0、0.54 mg·kg-1.而施用污泥后石灰性土壤的两种作物其可食部分均无重金属污染风险.土壤醋酸铵提取态Zn是影响麦粒和糙米中Zn浓度的主要因素,而土壤醋酸铵提取态Cd对麦粒和糙米中Cd浓度无明显影响.施用高浓度重金属污泥使3种土壤Zn、Cd全量显著提高,且两次施用后土壤全量Zn均超过国家土壤环境质量二级标准. 相似文献
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研究了污泥生物沥滤对重金属(Cu、Pb和Zn)形态、营养物质和SO42-存在形式的影响,分析生物沥滤污泥土地利用的适用性。结果表明:生物沥滤后,污泥上清液中重金属通过固液分离而去除,污泥中Cu、Pb和Zn的去除率分别为84.1%、34.8%和80.0%,残存于污泥中的重金属含量大幅降低,且生物有效性低,提高了污泥土地利用的安全性。污泥经生物沥滤后氮、磷和钾的流失分别为38.2%、52.1%和42.8%,但仍能保持较好的肥效。采用X-射线衍射光谱分析发现,残留于污泥中的SO24-主要与Ca2 相结合,较为稳定,生物沥滤后的污泥施用于土地后对环境影响较小。 相似文献
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Ma Teresa Hernandez Fernandez Jorge Mataix-Solera L’ubomír Lichner Vlasta Štekaurová Anton Zaujec Carlos Garcia Izquierdo 《Biologia》2007,62(5):542-546
The way of improving degraded soils fertility and particularly of improving its microbial activity is to add “young” exogenous
organic matter that contribute to provide labile organic matter to stimulate the life of the microorganisms existing in the
soil. This organic matter will also improve both the retention and hydraulic characteristics of the degraded soils, all this
contributing to soil restoration. In this study, the microbiological, biochemical, soil-physical and hydrological effects
of the addition of a municipal solid waste compost to a degraded soil in El Campello, SE Spain were evaluated in a field experiment.
Soil samples from experimental plots were analyzed 6 and 18 months after soil amendment. In both sampling time treated plots
showed significantly higher microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity values than control, indicating that soil
microbial population’s development and activity were stimulated by compost addition, this effect being not ephemeral but lasting
in the time. Soil urease activity was not affected by compost addition while protease hydrolysing N-α-benzoil-L-argininamide (BAA) activity was strongly stimulated by the incorporation of compost into the soils. Phosphatase
and β-glucosidase activities were also stimulated by the organic amendment, this stimulation being particularly noticeable 18 months
after the compost addition. Nevertheless, this increase in soil microbial populations and activity did not result in an increase
in soil aggregation and hydrological parameters. This can be due to the high content of carbonates and Ca2+ ions in these calcareous soils, that lead to an initially high content of water-stable macroaggregates.
Presented at the International Conference on Bioclimatology and Natural Hazards, Poľana nad Detvou, Slovakia, 17–20 September
2007. 相似文献
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城市污泥的特性研究与再利用前景分析 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
城市污泥的再利用是普遍认可的一种污泥处理途径 ,针对上海 3种典型城市污泥 ,即曲阳生活污泥、金山石化污泥和桃浦化工污泥的特性进行了分析。结果表明 ,3种污泥中Zn和Cd的浓度都超过了相关标准 ,重金属的含量和污泥的类型有关 ,形态分布显著不同 ;曲阳生活污泥中不同气候条件下的大肠菌值≥ 12 0 0MPNs·g-1DM ,而且还有许多其它传染性病原体 ;关于优先控制有机污染物 ,金山石化污泥检出 6种 ,桃浦化工污泥检出 8种 ,而曲阳生活污泥中没有检出。本文还讨论了我国和欧美关于污泥农用的相关控制标准 ,并在此基础上进一步阐述了我国城市污泥再利用的前景和待解决的关键问题 相似文献
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Soils collected in the proximity of a steel plant in Krakow were analyzed for their pH, the content of total organic carbon, and the total contents of metals and metalloids. Applying the Commission of European Communities Bureau of Reference (BCR) extraction of selected metals: Cd, Fe, Pb, and Zn, their forms of binding in soils have been determined. The results of the soil analyses of the samples taken in 1996 and 2016 were compared, and then the soil contamination changes were assessed using the GI, contamination factor (CF), and PLI indicators. A rehabilitation of the degraded soils was tested using the communal sewage sludge, which was added into the soil at four various ratios. The sewage sludge applied meets the environmental standards as a material for rehabilitating soils for non-agricultural needs but cannot be used for upgrading strongly contaminated soils. The reason is that the sludge addition increases the soil As, Ca, Cr, Mn, and Zn quantities as well as the easily mobilized fractions of the sludge/soil mixtures that contain Cd, Cr, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Tl. The addition of the communal sludge into soils increases the value of the environmental risk in the case of Pb, Mn, Mg, Fe, Cr, Zn, and Ca, but within the same risk classification ranges. 相似文献