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1.
在NaCl盐胁迫环境下,以50 mmol·L~(–1)为浓度梯度,NaCl浓度分别为0、50、100、150、200 mmol·L~(–1),研究红叶石楠‘红罗宾’叶片含水量、叶绿素含量、质膜相对透性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性变化以及抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性变化等生理特征。结果表明:叶片含水量、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性均随NaCl浓度的升高先增大,后降低;叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量随NaCl浓度的升高先降低后升高又降低;膜相对透性随NaCl浓度的升高持续增大,而过氧化物酶(POD)活性随NaCl浓度的升高则先升高后降低,超过一定浓度后又升高。根据结果显示,红叶石楠‘红罗宾’具有一定耐盐性,可在适当盐碱地地区的环境绿化建设中推广应用。  相似文献   

2.
水杨酸对高温胁迫下铁皮石斛幼苗耐热性的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为研究不同浓度水杨酸对铁皮石斛幼苗耐热性的诱导效应,以移栽半年的铁皮石斛幼苗为实验材料,对不同浓度水杨酸诱导高温胁迫下铁皮石斛幼苗的耐热性进行外观评价及叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性的动态测定,观察其动态变化趋势并筛选最佳施用浓度.结果显示:在高温胁迫环境下,随着胁迫时间的延长,不同浓度SA处理均能有效缓解高温对铁皮石斛植株伤害;1.5~2.0 mmol·L1SA处理使铁皮石斛叶片中SOD、POD活性显著提高,0.5~1.5 mmol·L-1 SA处理叶片中CAT、APX活性显著提高;1.5~2.0 mmol·L-1SA处理可显著促进叶片Pro、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的积累,有效抑制MDA含量的增加,且不同浓度处理之间差异显著.研究表明,适宜浓度水杨酸处理能提高铁皮石斛幼苗的耐热性,并以1.5 mmol·L-1浓度处理效果最好.  相似文献   

3.
石福臣  鲍芳 《生态学报》2007,27(7):2733-2741
盐浓度和环境温度是影响外来种互花米草自然分布的两大重要生态因子。在不同NaCl浓度和温度胁迫条件下,对互花米草幼苗根部和叶片中膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸及可溶性糖、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的动态变化进行了测定。结果表明:当NaCl浓度低于100mmol·L-1时,可以促进互花米草的生长;而NaCl浓度超过100mmol·L-1时,互花米草可以通过提高体内保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性,增加可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量来适应外界盐浓度变化;温度胁迫后,互花米草地上和地下器官对胁迫的响应程度不同,叶片中可溶性糖含量、CAT活性明显比根部高,而根部SOD、POD活性比叶片中高。  相似文献   

4.
以棉花幼苗为试材,通过叶面喷施不同浓度水杨酸的处理方法,研究外源水杨酸对低温胁迫下棉花幼苗的缓解效应。结果表明,0.6~0.8 mmol·L-1水杨酸预处理可以显著降低棉花幼苗叶片相对电导率(REC)和丙二醛(MDA)的积累量,从而缓解低温对质膜的过氧化伤害,并通过提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性和可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸等渗透调节物质的含量来适应低温环境。  相似文献   

5.
李锐  李生泉  范月仙 《激光生物学报》2011,20(2):175-179,185
以棉花幼苗为试材,分析不同浓度的亚精胺(Spermidine,Spd)(0.01mmol/L、0.10mmol/L、0.50mmol/L和1.00mmol/L)处理对棉花幼苗生长、生理生态特性的影响,以弄清Spd增强棉花抗冷性的效果及其生理机制。结果表明,Spd预处理棉花叶片可提高冷胁迫条件下棉花幼苗抗冷性,具体表现为Spd处理棉花幼苗可增加幼苗体内干物质和含水量,降低叶片冷害指数、电解质渗漏率和丙二醛(MDA)含量,增强超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,提高抗坏血酸、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量。表明Spd可以改变冷胁迫条件下棉花幼苗体内生理生化指标,从而缓解冷胁迫对棉花的伤害,其中以0.50mmol/L的Spd处理效果较理想。  相似文献   

6.
李雪  吴杨婧雯  俞超  周卉  徐欣  汪财生  郭斌 《广西植物》2023,43(12):2309-2318
为探究外源水杨酸(SA)对低温胁迫下火龙果幼苗形态及生理的影响,该研究以‘紫红龙’火龙果幼苗为材料,将4个不同浓度的SA(0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7 mmol·L-1)喷施叶片,48 h后4℃低温培养,于第0、第3、第6、第9天观察火龙果幼苗形态及叶片组织结构的变化,并测定叶片相对电导率、丙二醛含量、渗透调节物(可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸)含量及抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶)活性等生理指标。结果表明:(1)低温胁迫下,火龙果幼苗呈现0级、Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级3个冷害等级,SA处理后的火龙果幼苗出现Ⅰ级冷害和Ⅱ级冷害的株数百分率均明显降低。(2)与低温对照相比,SA处理能降低火龙果幼苗叶片相对电导率和丙二醛含量并提高渗透调节物含量和抗氧化酶活性。(3)通过对不同SA处理结果进行比较分析,发现缓解冷害症状、降低相对电导率和丙二醛含量、提高可溶性糖和脯氨酸的含量、提高超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的活性均以0.3 mmol·L-1 SA效果最好,提高可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性分别以0.7、...  相似文献   

7.
3种进化类型大豆叶片的某些生理特性比较   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
半野生、半栽培和栽培大豆叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量以及过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均表现为随品种的进化而增加的变化趋势。POD活性在生育期中呈上升变化,SOD活性则随着生育进程逐渐下降。栽培大豆的可溶性糖含量和POD活性以上部叶片最高,半栽培大豆与栽培大豆类似,半野生大豆的变化则不明显。  相似文献   

8.
目的:研究不同浓度的水杨酸对10%聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)胁迫下野生大豆生理特性的影响。方法:以野生大豆为试验材料,采用盆栽土培法,研究野生大豆幼苗抗氧化酶活性,渗透调解物质及膜质过氧化变化规律。结果:1.5 mmol/L水杨酸明显提高了PEG胁迫下野生大豆过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),减轻了膜脂过氧化。随着水杨酸浓度升高,可溶性糖呈下降趋势,脯氨酸含量呈先上升后下降趋势,和可溶性蛋白呈上升趋势,结论:外源水杨酸可通过POD、SOD活性和渗透调节物质的含量提高幼苗的抗干旱胁迫能力。在本试验中以1.5 mmol/L水杨酸缓解效果最好。  相似文献   

9.
热带酸性土壤中铝毒非常普遍,其对橡胶树生长的影响尚不清楚.采用盆栽砂培试验研究了铝离子对橡胶苗生理和叶绿素荧光特性的影响.结果表明:当铝浓度高于200 mmol·L-1时,橡胶苗细胞质膜透性、叶片游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量显著提高,相对含水量、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性、叶片叶绿素a含量、叶绿素最大荧光、PSⅡ最大光化学效率、PSⅡ潜在活性、光化学淬灭系数、非光化学淬灭系数和光合电子传递速率显著降低;当铝离子浓度低于100 mmol·L-1时,不同处理间橡胶苗生理和叶绿素荧光特性差异较小或不明显.说明橡胶树是较为耐铝的植物,铝离子对橡胶苗造成伤害的阈值在100~200 mmol·L-1;超过这一浓度,会造成橡胶苗不可逆的伤害.  相似文献   

10.
以龙眼幼苗为材料,研究酸雨胁迫(pH 3.0)后不同浓度外源水杨酸(0、0.1、0.5、1.0和2.0 mmol·L-1)对龙眼幼苗生理特性的影响.结果表明:酸雨胁迫后龙眼幼苗叶片中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性降低,叶绿素、蛋白质和可溶性糖含量下降,丙二醛含量升高,龙眼幼苗显示出毒害效应.0.1 ~1.0mmol·L-1外源水杨酸显著提高龙眼幼苗叶绿素、可溶性糖和蛋白质的含量,增强SOD、POD和CAT活性,降低丙二醛含量,减少幼苗所受氧化伤害的程度;其中0.5 mmol· L-1水杨酸处理效果最好,叶绿素、可溶性糖和蛋白质的含量分别比单独酸雨胁迫处理植株增加了62%、105%和177%,SOD、POD和CAT活性分别提高144%、440%和132%,丙二醛含量降低了35%;而2.0 mmol·L-1水杨酸却起到相反的作用.可见,低浓度水杨酸(0.1~1.0 mmol·L-1)能通过刺激龙眼抗氧化酶活性,减轻氧化胁迫,缓解酸雨胁迫后的毒害作用,而高浓度水杨酸(2.0 mmol·L-1)对龙眼幼苗的缓解作用下降.  相似文献   

11.
The aim of this study was to determine whether elevated levels of circulating forms of the soluble adhesion molecules, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (cICAM-1), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (cVCAM-1) and E-Selectin (cE-Selectin) are observed in the sera of HIV-1 infected individuals as compared to healthy HIV seronegative adults and whether these elevated levels can be correlated with disease progression. Significantly elevated levels of cICAM-1—ranging from 184 to 1116 ng/ml with a mean of 617 ng/ml—and cVCAM-1—ranging from 653 to 3456 ng/ml with a mean of 1500 ng/ml—were observed in the sera of 29 HIV-1 infected individuals as compared to controls-ranging from 152 to 354 ng/ml with a mean of 248 ng/ml for cICAM-1 and from 328 to 792 ng/ml with a mean of 560 ng/ml for cVCAM-1 (P < 0.001). The serum concentrations of cE-Selectin of the HIV-1 infected individuals did not differ from those of the healthy controls. The elevated levels of cICAM-1, cVCAM-1 did not correlate with the CD4 count or the serum concentration of C-reactive protein. However, a significant correlation was observed between the serum concentrations of cVCAM-1 and those of neopterin. Since cICAM-1 as well as cV-CAM-1 can interfere with adhesion events leading to immunological functions, it can be suggested that the high amounts of these circulating forms of adhesion molecules, when present in the sera of HIV-1 positive individuals, can further disturb the immune system of these patients. In addition, the present study also suggests that the seric concentrations of cVCAM-1 can be used as pronostic indicators.  相似文献   

12.
There is limited research on relationships between root characteristics and soil chemical properties and processes. Because previous studies have shown specific C compounds may release previously sorbed P and make P more plant-available, crops which contribute to high soil C levels could play an important role in soil P cycling. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) whether rotation crops had different amounts of root growth, (2) whether different amounts of root growth among the crop species could be related to different levels of soluble soil C and (3) whether there were differences in P concentration among the soils under different crops that could be related to soluble C soil concentration. Roots and soil from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and a forage consisting of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and timothy (Phleum pretense L.) were sampled from the Aroostook Research Farm in Presque Isle, Maine, during the summers of 2003 and 2004 to determine root length density (RLD) and soluble C and P concentrations. Half of the sampled plots were amended with beef manure and half were not amended. Barley and forage consistently had higher RLD than potato or soybean crops. Barley and forage typically had higher concentrations of soluble soil C than potato or soybean, but the differences were significant at only three of the five sampling dates. RLD was significantly correlated to soluble C (r=0.56) only for amended soils on the August 2003 sampling date. For other dates r values were non-significant and ranged from 0.32 to 0.49. As with soil C, soluble soil P levels were typically higher in barley and forage than in potato or soybean crops. Significant differences were detected at four of the five sampling dates. Correlations between soluble C and soluble P were significant at two of the five sampling dates (r = 0.58 and 0.62) in amended soils and one of five sampling dates (r = 0.80) in unamended soils. Although the correlations between RLD and soluble C were not significant at every sampling date, the August 2003 data do suggest a possible effect of roots on soluble C. In addition, significant correlations between soluble C and soluble P at several sampling dates suggest a relationship between these parameters. Therefore cropping systems that include crops with higher amounts of root growth may promote increased soluble soil C levels and enhance P bioavailability.  相似文献   

13.
莼菜冬芽越冬生理研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
按季节测定了莼菜生长周期中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、脯氨酸以及水分的含量 ,测定结果表明冬芽越冬阶段其体内可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖以及水分的含量较高 ,而脯氨酸却是一年中的最低。这说明冬芽越冬期间其抗寒性的维持可能与体内高浓度的可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖以及水分有关 ,而与脯氨酸无直接的关系。  相似文献   

14.
Partitioning of phosphorus between particles and water in a river outflow   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Barlow  John P.  Glase  Madelyn S. 《Hydrobiologia》1982,91(1):253-260
The mixing zone between Cayuga Lake, N.Y. and one of its tributaries, Salmon Creek, was studied to determine effects of physical processes such as adsorption, precipitation or sedimentation on phosphorus discharged by the Creek. A high sodium concentration in the lake served as a natural tracer, by which proportions of Creek and Lake water were determined at any point in the mixing zone. Proportions of Creek and Lake water were used to predict amounts of P that would be expected on the basis of mixing alone. Differences between predicted and observed concentrations were attributed to local physical processes. This analysis showed that, in several of the six plumes surveyed, there was substantial loss of P due to sedimentation. The P-distribution in all plumes showed evidence of exchanges between particles and the medium, as a result of which soluble reactive-P usually decreased and soluble unreactive-P usually increased. The nature and magnitude of these local processes were such that they could have significant effects on the fate of stream-P discharged into the lake.Supported in part by Office and Technology, U.S. Department Interior and by Hatch Funds from U.S. Department of Agriculture.  相似文献   

15.
为了解高山森林溪流凋落物冬季分解过程中水溶性氮和磷的变化过程,采用凋落叶分解袋法,以川西高山森林典型乔木(四川红杉、方枝柏)和灌木(高山杜鹃、康定柳)凋落叶为研究对象,研究冬季不同时期(冻结初期、冻结期、融化期)溪流、河流、河岸带以及林下凋落叶水溶性氮和磷的动态特征.结果表明:经过一个冬季的分解,4种凋落物在不同生境下各时期的水溶性氮含量无显著变化.水溶性磷含量除林下外在其他生境均显著降低,表现出河流<溪流<河岸带<林下的规律.高山森林凋落叶分解过程中水溶性磷含量与平均温度、正积温、负积温和流速呈显著负相关,水溶性氮含量与正积温呈显著正相关,物种显著影响凋落物分解过程中水溶性氮和磷的含量.高山森林凋落物冬季分解过程中水溶性磷更易随河流和溪流等水体的流动而流失,而水溶性氮受冬季水环境的影响相对较小.  相似文献   

16.
辣椒感染疫病后生化指标的响应研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
采用生理生化分析方法研究了辣椒感染疫病后叶片中几个生化指标的变化。结果表明,染病前后感病品种叶片中可溶性总糖含量持续高于抗病品种;抗病类型品种和感病类型品种的可溶性蛋白含量变化规律均表现为先升高后下降,但接种前其叶片中可溶性蛋白含量两者间无明显差异;抗病类型和感病类型辣椒接种后保护酶活性均升高,而且感病类型的POD和ASP酶活性在接种后120h显著高于抗病类型;高抗类型叶片中PPO活性增加幅度显著大于感病类型,但抗病类型品种PPO活性上升趋势比较平缓。接种后,感病品种PAL活性上升幅度小于高抗品种,接种后96h PAL活性开始逐渐下降。可溶性总糖含量和苯丙氨酸解氨酶可以作为辣椒苗期抗疫病鉴定的生化指标。  相似文献   

17.
锦鸡儿属两种植物种子萌发生理研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
周正立  王琳  于军  陈加利 《西北植物学报》2011,31(12):2509-2515
对不同种源柠条锦鸡儿、小叶锦鸡儿种子在培养过程中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量变化及其吸水特性进行分析,以探讨不同种源种子的萌发生理.结果表明:(1)随种子培养时间的延长,各种源柠条锦鸡儿、小叶锦鸡儿种子中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量呈总体降低趋势,并且0~24 h是种子中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量降解转化速率较快的时期.(2)各种源柠条锦鸡儿、小叶锦鸡儿种子的相对吸水量随时间变化表现不一,并且柠条锦鸡儿、小叶锦鸡儿的吸水增量有两个明显峰值,第一个峰值均出现在24 h,第二个峰值分别出现在96 h和120 h.(3)各种源柠条锦鸡儿、小叶锦鸡儿的种子活力大小表现为N-5>X-1>X2>N-4>N1>N-2>N-3.  相似文献   

18.
In order to improve vegetative propagation of Berberis thunbergii ‘Red Rocket’, stock plants were subjected to shading and IBA treatment, as well as to the application of two commercially available rooting powders. Spraying stock plants with IBA 24 hours prior to cutting harvest gave the effect comparable to the use of rooting powders. Reduction of light intensity by 50% and 96% of ambient prior to harvest of cuttings improved rooting. Positive effect of shading results in changes in shoot anatomy, i.e. a weaker sclerenchyma development. Enhanced rooting in cuttings from shoots grown under reduced light intensity was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of soluble proteins and by an increase in total chlorophyll content while the concentration of total soluble sugars remained unaffected.  相似文献   

19.
低温处理对牡丹春节催花及营养类物质变化的影响   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10  
连续观察、测定了牡丹春节催花进程中不同低温天数处理对温室外自然低温解除休眠及温室内培养过程中形态及某些生理生化变化的影响,结果显示:低温处理34d后的11月28日温室外牡丹花芽形态及可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸含量变化显著,11月28日左右是低温处理期间牡丹花芽代谢变化剧烈的时期;处理41d后的12月5口及以后移入温室的植株能够正常开花。以上结果从形态与营养物质变化的角度说明了11月28日左右牡丹花芽开始逐步解除休眠,12月5日花芽已彻底解除休眠,不同低温对牡丹春节催花过程中花芽的发育有着质的作用。  相似文献   

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