两种绣线菊低温锻炼与脱锻炼处理对蛋白质表达的影响

通过2维双向电泳法,研究抗寒能力与光合能力不同的金山绣线菊与华北绣线菊,低温锻炼处理对蛋白质表达所产生的影响。结果表明,低温锻炼处理对2种绣线菊蛋白质表达的影响显著不同,在低温锻炼与脱锻炼处理中,金山绣线菊产生低温诱导特异蛋白,华北绣线菊没有低温诱导特异蛋白表达;蛋白质双向电泳图谱分析表明,华北绣线菊与金山绣线菊经过低温锻炼后发生蛋白质差异表达,经质谱鉴定其中的3种显著差异表达的蛋白质分别为2种未知新蛋白,2种未知蛋白的部分氨基酸序列分别为VSHLAGFSSNNPK、LKADKPTLLSEAK;DPNDHPNPFTVK、DGNGFFLYLLDPDSSK、NGDGMFLYLLDGLESK,另一种差异蛋白为抗坏血酸过氧化物酶;低温锻炼处理使绣线菊中与光合作用密切相关的蛋白质抗坏血酸过氧化物酶发生了显著的变化。     

18种绣线菊分子身份证的构建和SCAR标记转化

取北方常见的18种绣线菊,用200条RAPD随机引物进行扩增,选出10条引物扩增出的清晰稳定、重复性好的图谱进行数据分析。10条引物共检测出51个位点。对凝胶电泳得到的谱带统计结果并赋值,用IDAnalysis 1.0软件进行数据分析的结果表明,仅需6条引物对应的7个位点可将18种绣线菊完全区分。在RAPD扩增过程中,找到三裂绣线菊的特异标记SL700,并将此标记转化成SCAR标记,这一特异标记在分子水平可将三裂绣线菊与其他17种绣线菊区分开来。     

两种绣线菊耐弱光能力的光合适应性

研究彩色叶花灌木金山绣线菊(Spiraea bunmalba‘Goldmound’)、金焰绣线菊(Spiraea bunmalba‘Goldflame’)对弱光胁迫的光合适应能力,分析其弱光处理及恢复过程中光合特性的变化,探讨其对弱光环境的光合生理适应性变化,为绣线菊在城市园林不同光照环境中得到科学应用提供参考.2种绣线菊具明显光合日变化规律,光强为自然光照60％-65％、40％-45％时光合速率日变化为双峰型曲线,第1峰值高于第2峰值,有明显光合“午休”现象,光强为自然光照20％-25％时光合速率日变化为单峰型曲线,无明显光合“午休”现象;2种绣线菊最大净光合速率、光补偿点、光饱和点、最大表观量子效率和暗呼吸速率随处理光强减弱而减小;叶绿素(a+b)、类胡萝卜素含量随处理光强减弱而增加,叶绿素a/b值随处理光强减弱而降低;随处理光强减弱2种绣线菊叶片变薄,上、下表皮细胞变小,栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度变薄,海绵组织细胞间隙变大,2者比值减小;2种绣线菊弱光胁迫均产生低分子量(45.0-66.2 kDa)特异表达蛋白,推测为弱光胁迫诱导蛋白.2种绣线菊经60％-65％、40％-45％弱光处理后具一定恢复能力,光强仅为自然光照20％-25％处理时其恢复能力较弱.栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比值、叶绿素a/b值和最大净光合速率是评价2种绣线菊耐弱光能力的重要指标,叶绿素a/b值与耐弱光能力显著负相关,栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比值、最大净光合速率与耐弱光能力显著正相关,2种绣线菊耐弱光能力按隶属函数值排序为金焰绣线菊＞金山绣线菊.     

干旱胁迫对华北绣线菊和金山绣线菊光合能力的影响

分别采取轻度、中度、重度干旱胁迫和复水处理,研究华北绣线菊和金山绣线菊的光合能力动态变化;利用二维双向电泳与质谱鉴定等技术,分析鉴定干旱胁迫前后2种绣线菊蛋白质的差异表达,以及引起其光合能力改变的生理机制.结果表明:干旱胁迫处理显著影响了2种绣线菊的光合能力,最大光合速率、光补偿点和光饱和点逐渐下降,其干旱胁迫反应为渐进效应.轻度和中度干旱胁迫后,2种绣线菊的恢复能力较强;而重度干旱胁迫后的恢复能力较弱.经干旱胁迫诱导后,抗旱能力弱的金山绣线菊有6处蛋白点消失、11处新增蛋白点、13处蛋白点上调表达、4处蛋白点下调表达,均为低分子量酸性蛋白;其中由干旱诱导表达的3种差异蛋白分别为放氧增强蛋白因子1、2和1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶/加氧酶大亚基的降解片断.绣线菊抗旱能力的差异与干旱胁迫期间光合能力的变化有关.     

安微植物区系新增补

报导了安徽植物地理分布新记录种６种。分别是：麻椰树,膜叶椴,细枝绣线菊,毛花绣线菊,巴东胡颓子,紫斑风铃草。     

关于蒙古绣线菊毛枝变种及回折绣线菊的学名订正

支持将蒙古绣线菊毛枝变种提升为种的等级且于宁夏绣线菊同种 ,但其合法学名应为Spiraeatomentulosa (Yu)Y .Z .Zhao。与此同时 ,本文发现了真正的蒙古绣线菊的毛枝变种———S .mongolicaMaxim .var.pubescensY .Z .ZhaoetT .J .Wang。     

中国绣线菊属植物种子形态及其分类学意义

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对中国25种4变种绣线菊属(Spiraea L.)植物的种子形态特征进行了研究。结果显示,绣线菊属植物种子外观上呈窄线形至椭圆形,表面有光泽和条纹,种子颜色为红棕色至深褐色;种皮纹饰可分为网纹、复网纹、负网纹和链状网纹4种类型。种子按长宽比的划分方法在一定程度上支持该属传统的组下系的划分;种皮纹饰在种间具有明显的差异,可作为中国绣线菊属植物种的分类依据。本研究为绣线菊属的分类及系统学研究提供了种子形态及种皮微观形态方面的新资料,对进一步完善该属属下分类具有借鉴意义。     

四种园林植物对土壤镉污染的耐受性

采用模拟Cd污染土壤培养法,测定了Cd胁迫下山矾、桑树、绣线菊、山茶4种园林植物幼苗的生长、生物量变化,根茎叶的Cd含量,光合色素含量与MDA含量,对耐性指数(Ti)、转移系数(TF)、生物富集系数(BCF)进行了评价。结果表明:(1)山矾、桑树、绣线菊和山茶的平均耐性指数分别为93.99、82.33、82.10和87.25;(2)4个树种幼苗根茎叶的Cd含量都随着Cd处理浓度的增加而增加,转移系数值(TF)都小于1,转移能力为山矾山茶绣线菊桑树。对Cd累积能力为山矾山茶桑树绣线菊;山矾和山茶生物量吸收的Cd总量显著高于绣线菊和桑树。(3)Cd处理浓度的不断增加,叶绿素a/叶绿素b比值与对照相比变化不显著,类胡萝卜素的含量持续增加;桑树、山茶、山矾和绣线菊MDA含量分别平均上升为15%、10.17%、9.69%、12.86%。不同Cd浓度下,MDA上升幅度顺序为桑树绣线菊山茶山矾。研究表明山矾具有很高的Cd耐性、转移能力、以及地上部分积累镉的能力,是一种抗Cd污染较好的园林绿化树种。     

中国北部绣线菊属的花粉形态及分类学意义

本文用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了中国北部绣线菊属ＳｐｉｒａｅａＬ．２１种及６个变种的花粉形态,描述了外壁纹饰的形态特征,指出了外壁纹饰特征在分类上的意义。绣线菊属的花粉为球形至长球形,外壁纹饰为条网状至条纹状。外壁纹饰类型不具有属内分组意义,但对一些种类具有一定的分类价值。花粉形态支持将曲枣绣线菊Ｓ．ｆｌｅｘｕｏｓａＦｉｓｃｈ。并入石蚕叶绣线菊Ｓ．ｃｈａｍｏｅｄｒｙｆｏｌｉａＬ．的观点［Ｍａｘｉｍｏｗｉｃｚ,Ｃ．Ｊ．（１８７９）、Ｒｅｈｄｅｒ,Ａｉ．（１９４０）］,不同意将蒙古绣线菊毛枝变种Ｓ．ｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａＭａｘｉｍ．ｖａｒ．ｔｏｍｅｎｔｕｌｏｓａＹｕ提升为贺兰山绣线菊Ｓ．ｔｏｍｅｎｔｕｌｏｓａ（Ｙｕ）Ｙ．Ｚ．Ｚｈａｏ［赵一之（１９８７）］。     

关于蒙古绣线菊毛枝变种及回折绣线菊的学名订正

支持将蒙古绣线菊毛反变是升为种的等级且于宁夏绣线菊同种,但其合法学名应为Ｓｐｉｒａｅａ ｔｏｍｅｎｔｕｌｏｓａ（Ｙｕ）Ｙ．Ｚ．Ｚｈａｏ。与此同时,本发现了真正的蒙古绣线菊的毛枝变种－－Ｓ．ｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａ Ｍａｘｉｍ．ｖａｒ．ｐｕｂｅｓｃｅｎｓ Ｙ．Ｚ．Ｚｈａｏ ｅｔ Ｔ．Ｊ．Ｗａｎｇ．     

中国列蛾属分类研究及二十三新种记述(鳞翅目,列蛾科)

报道了中国列蛾属Autosticha 33种昆虫,其中有23新种和中国3新纪录种.新种包括:连斑列蛾A.conjugiopuncla sp.nov.,茨坪列蛾A.cipingensis sp.nov.,小喜列蛾A.microphilodema sp.nov.,多斑列蛾A.maculosa sp.nov.,勐仑列蛾A.menglunica sp.nov.,粗鳞列蛾A.squarrosa sp.nov.,南昌列蛾A.nanchangensis sp.nov.,淡黄列蛾A.flavida sp.nov.,二瓣列蛾A.valvifida sp.nov.,复瓣列蛾A.complexivalvula sp.nov.,迷列蛾A.fallaciosa sp.nov.,直斑列蛾A.rectipunctata sp.nov.,齿瓣列蛾A.valvidentata sp.nov.,天目山列蛾A.tianmushana sp.nov.,异域列蛾A.heteramalla sp.nov.,沈氏列蛾A.shenaesp.nov,五峰列蛾A.wufengensis sp.nov.,奇异列蛾A.mirabilis sp.nov.,弓瓣列蛾A.arcivalvaris sp.nov.,刺列蛾A.oxyacantha sp.nov.,棒列蛾A.bacilliformis.sp.nov.,赤水列蛾A.chishuiensis sp. nov.和涉县列蛾A.shexianicasp.nov..中国新纪录种有:和列蛾A.modicella(Christoph,1882),粗点列蛾A.pachysticta(Meyrick,1936)和截列蛾A.truncicola Ueda,1997.此外,还报道了1个新组合--喜列蛾A.philodema(Meyrick,1938),comb.nov..文中提供了新种的外生殖器特征图.模式标本保存在南开大学生物系.     

Twenty-four new species of Polycentropus (Trichoptera, Polycentropodidae) from Brazil

Twenty-four new species of the caddisfly genus Polycentropus (Insecta: Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) occurring in Brazil are diagnosed, described, and the male genitalia of each are illustrated. Eighteen of the new species are placed in the Polycentropus jorgenseni species complex of the Polycentropus gertschi group of New World Polycentropussensu lato. Furthermore, 6 new species within the Polycentropus gertschi group (Polycentropus ancistrussp. n., Polycentropus boraceiasp. n., Polycentropus cariocasp. n., Polycentropus froehlichisp. n., Polycentropus galharadasp. n., and Polycentropus graciosasp. n.) are placed in an informal diagnostic cluster of species with Polycentropus urubici Holzenthal and Almeida. Ten of the other Polycentropus gertschi group species form a second cluster of diagnostically similar species, the Polycentropus soniae cluster (Polycentropus caaetesp. n., Polycentropus carolaesp. n., Polycentropus cheliceratussp. n., Polycentropus fluminensissp. n., Polycentropus itatiaiasp. n., Polycentropus minerosp. n., Polycentropus santateresaesp. n., Polycentropus soniaesp. n., Polycentropus tripuisp. n., and Polycentropus virginiaesp. n.). Two of the remaining 8 new species are included in the Polycentropus jorgenseni species complex (Polycentropus cipoensissp. n. and Polycentropus verruculussp. n.), while the remaining 6 are unique and cannot be placed in one of the groups at this time (Polycentropus acinaciformissp. n., Polycentropus amphirhamphussp. n., Polycentropus cachoeirasp. n., Polycentropus inusitatussp. n., Polycentropus paprockiisp. n. and Polycentropus rosalysaesp. n.).     

The marine Tubificidae (Oligochaeta) of the barrier reef ecosystems at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, and other parts of the Caribbean Sea, with descriptions of twenty-seven new species and revision of Heterodrilus, Thalassodrilides and Smithsonidrilus

Fifty-nine species of Tubifieidae are recorded from Belize on the Caribbean side of Central America. Twenty-five are new to science: Ainudrilus geminus sp.n., Heronidrilus gravidus sp.n., Heterodrilus flexuosus sp.n., H. ranus sp.n., H. modestus sp.n., Coralliodrilus rugosus sp.n., C. randyi sp.n., Phallodrilus compactus sp. n., P. singularis sp.n., P. vicinus sp.n., P. nasutus sp.n., P. bipartitus sp.n., Inanidrilus reginae sp.n., Olavius finitimus sp.n., O. vacuus sp.n., O. (Olavius) pravus sp.n., Bathydrilus vetustus sp.n., B. egenus sp.n., Thalassodrilides bruneti sp.n., Limnodriloides anxius sp.n., L. major sp.n., L. sacculus sp.n., L. adversus sp.n., Smithsonidrilus appositus sp.n., S. involutus sp.n. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Heterodrilus Pierantoni, 1902, Thalassodrilides Brinkhurst & Baker, 1979, and Marcusaedrilus Righi & Kanner, 1979, are paraphyletic taxa as previously defined. They are therefore revised to include also apomorphic species earlier attributed to separate genera; in so doing, Marcusaedrilus becomes a junior synonym of Smithsonidrilus Brinkhurst, 1966. Smithsonidrilus pauper sp.n. (Peru), and S. multiglandularis sp.n. (Florida and Puerto Rico) are also described, and Limnodriloides claviger Erséus, 1982 is regarded as a synonym of L. pierantonii (Hrabě, 1971).     

A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean

The spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 occurs in both the Old World and New World tropics and subtropics and contains nearly half of the species in the family Selenopidae Simon, 1897. In this paper the members of the genus Selenops found in North America, Central America, and on islands of the Caribbean are revised, excluding Cuban endemics. No taxonomic changes are currently made to the species from the southwestern United States. In total, 21 new species are described, including Selenops arikoksp. n., Selenops chamelasp. n., Selenops amonasp. n., Selenops bawekasp. n., Selenops bocacanadensissp. n., Selenops enriquillosp. n, Selenops ixchelsp. n., Selenops huetocatlsp. n., Selenops kalinagosp. n., Selenops oviedosp. n., Selenops morrosp. n., Selenops deniasp. n., Selenops duansp. n., Selenops malinalxochitlsp. n., Selenops oricuajosp. n., Selenops petenajtoysp. n., Selenops guerrerosp. n., Selenops makimakisp. n., Selenops souligasp. n., Selenops wilmotorumsp. n., and Selenops wilsonisp. n. Six species names were synonymized: Selenops lunatus Muma, 1953 syn. n. =Selenops candidus Muma, 1953; Selenops tehuacanus Muma 1953 syn. n., Selenops galapagoensis Banks, 1902 syn. n. and Selenops vagabundus Kraus, 1955 syn. n. = Selenops mexicanus Keyserling, 1880; Selenops santibanezi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010 syn. n. = Selenops nigromaculatus Keyserling, 1880; and Selenops salvadoranus Chamberlin, 1925 syn. n. = Selenops bifurcatus Banks, 1909. Lectotypes are designated for the following three species: Selenops marginalis F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900 (♂), Selenops morosus Banks, 1898 (♂), and Selenops mexicanus Keyserling, 1880 (♀). The female neotype is designated for Selenops aissus Walckenaer, 1837. The males of Selenops bani Alayón-García, 1992 and Selenops marcanoi Alayón-García, 1992 are described for the first time, and the females of Selenops phaselus Muma, 1953 and Selenops geraldinae Corronca, 1996 are described for the first time. Almost all species are redescribed, barring Cuban endemics and a few species recently described. New illustrations are provided, including those of the internal female copulatory organs, many of which are illustrated for the first time. A key to species is also provided as are new distributional records.     

Review of the Berosus Leach of Venezuela (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Berosini) with description of fourteen new species

The species of the water scavenger beetle genus Berosus Leach occurring in Venezuela are reviewed. Thirty-six species are recorded, including fifteen new species, fourteen of which are described here as new: Berosus araguasp. n., Berosus asymmetricussp. n., Berosus capanaparosp. n., Berosus castaneussp. n., Berosus corozosp. n., Berosus ebeninussp. n., Berosus garciaisp. n., Berosus humeralissp. n., Berosus jolyisp. n., Berosus llanensissp. n., Berosus megaphallussp. n., Berosus ornaticollissp. n., Berosus repertussp. n., and Berosus tramidrumsp. n. The fifteenth new species, known from a single female, is left undescribed pending the collection of males. Twelve species are recorded from Venezuela for the first time: Berosus ambogynus Mouchamps, Berosus consobrinus Knisch, Berosus elegans Knisch, Berosus geayi d'Orchymont, Berosus ghanicus d'Orchymont, Berosus guyanensis Queney, Berosus holdhausi Knisch, Berosus marquardti Knisch, Berosus olivae Queney, Berosus reticulatus Knisch, Berosus wintersteineri Knisch, and Berosus zimmermanni Knisch.     

中国黄斑蜂族九新种记述(蜜蜂总科,切叶蜂科,黄斑蜂族)

记述中国黄斑蜂族3属9新种.新种是:圆斑伟黄斑蜂Bathanthidum(s.str.)circinatum,峨眉伟黄斑蜂Bathanthidium(s.str.)emeiense,叉黄斑蜂Anthidium (s.str.)furcatum,双色黄斑蜂Anthidium(s.str.)bicolor,纹黄斑蜂Anthidum(s.str.)striatum,莫干山黄斑蜂An-thidium(s.str.)moganshanensis,向日葵黄斑蜂Anthidium(Proanthidium)helianthinum,皇冠准黄斑蜂Trachusa (Paraanthidium)coronum,角足准黄斑蜂Trachusa(Paraanthidium)cornopes.模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所.     

Nomenclatural notes to Nordic Macromycetes vol. 1 & 3

A new species, Thanatephorus uniygdalisporirs , is described and a number of new combinations and a new name are proposed: Bryoglossum rehmii comb. nov., Lachnellula juniperinu comb. nov., Lactarius torminosulus nom. nov., Lentaria dendroidea comb. nov., Postia ptyhogaster comb. nov., Stecclierinum collabens comb. nov., S. luteoalbum comb. nov., S. nitidum comb. nov., S. pseudozilingiunum comb. nov., S. separabilimum comb. nov., Syzygospora mycophaga comb. nov., Thanatephorus fusisporus comb. nov., Tremella invasa comb. nov., Uncobasidium albidum comb. nov. and Woldmaria filicina comb. nov. A number of notes on clavarioid fungi are given.     

NEW SPECIES OF GENUS MANSONIELLA POPPIUS FROM CHINA (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE: BRYOCORINAE)

本文记述了曼盲蝽属ＭａｎｓｏｎｉｅｌａＰｏｐｐｉｕｓ,１９１５的７个新种：环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ａｎｎｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;脊曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｃｒｉｓｔａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;狭长曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｅｌｏｎｇａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;黄翅曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｆｌａｖａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;胡桃曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｊｕｇｌａｎｄｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;瑰环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｏｓａｃｅａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;赤环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｕｂｉｄａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。提出３个新组合：Ｍ．ｃｉｎｎａｍｏｍｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｓａｓａｆｒｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｗａｎｇｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．,均由ＰａｃｈｙｐｅｌｔｉｓＳｉｇｎｏｒｅｔ属移入本属,模式标本存放于南开大学生物系昆虫标本室     

中国松塔牛肝菌属新种和新记录种

本文报道松塔牛肝菌属四个新种,即:裸皱松塔牛肝菌Strobilomyces gla-bellus Ying sp.nov.,阔裂松塔牛肝菌S.latirimosus Ying sp.nov.,微茸松塔牛肝菌S.subnudus Ying sp.nov.,短绒松塔牛肝菌S.velutinus Ying sp.nov.;及四个中国新记录种,即:柔鳞松塔牛肝菌S.mollis Corner,疣鳞松塔牛肝菌S.nigricans Berk.,锥鳞松塔牛肝菌S.polypyramis Hook.,半裸松塔牛肝菌S.semi-nudus Hongo.松塔牛肝菌属Strobilomyces以其具有变黑的担子果与菌幕、不粘的菌盖上有疣状、绵绒状或刺状鳞片以及黑褐色带明显纹饰的孢子而易于识别。Singer(1945)按孢子纹饰的不同将松塔牛肝菌属分为两个组,其一为具疣、刺和网纹的种类;另一为具纵贯孢子两端的翼状棱纹的种类。对于后者的归属问题,Pegler & Young持不同见解,并于1981建立了非洲牛肝菌属AfroboletusPegler & Young以纳孢子具翼状纵棱和孢缘边(rim)的种类;含2—4种,分布在非洲近赤道的地区。在中国,松塔牛肝菌属已报道过三个种,即:松塔牛肝菌Strobilomyces,floc-copus(Vahl.ex Fr.)Karst.光头松塔牛肝菌S.glabriceps Chiu和混淆松塔牛肝菌S.confusus Sing.。裘维蕃(1948,1957)曾描述过网孢松塔牛肝菌Strobi-lomyces retisporus(Pat.et Bak.)Gilb.但因其子实体色鲜红至褐红而不变黑色、子层体淡暗黄色且菌肉不变红-黑色、孢子具网纹而宜转隶于Heimiellia Boedijn(1951)。文中有新分类单位和国内已知种的分种检索表、新种的拉丁文和英文描述并有绘图和扫描电镜照片示明孢子纹饰。