首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
可持续性转型——第五届工业生态学国际大会综述   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
石磊 《生态学报》2009,29(8):4426-4430
综述了在葡萄牙里斯本召开的第五届工业生态学国际大会情况.大会的中心议题是\"可持续性转型\",设立了可持续资源管理、工业生态学工具、工业共生、发展中国家的工业生态学等10个议题.在简介会议背景和大会基本数据后,对上述议题归类为社会物质代谢、生态工业发展和工业生态学方法工具3个领域并进行介绍和评述.最后,总结了国际工业生态学的发展现状及趋势,提出了对国内工业生态学发展的4点启示,包括加强实证研究、开展国家层面的物质代谢分析、注意新方法的开发与应用、强化理论基础构建意识.  相似文献   

2.
工业生态学的内涵与发展   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
石磊 《生态学报》2008,28(7):3356-3364
作为一门发展不到20a的综合性交叉学科,工业生态学目前需要界定其学术范畴和理论基础.首先评述了工业生态学的4个主要领域:(1)社会代谢是工业生态学起源最早也是发展最为成熟的领域.它提供了宏观层次上观察和测量经济发展与物质流动关系的方法和工具,但需要进一步细化物质流动图景和加强流动机制的解释;(2)工业共生是工业生态学最具特征的领域.它实质上是人们出于观察视角的转变而对工业体系的重新认识.逻辑严谨且规则统一的解释框架有助于工业共生理论的发展和实践;(3)基础设施与产业相互选择且协同演进,二者共同构成了城市的物质基础,而城市又是更大范围内区域经济系统的子集.这一组工业生态学的研究对象需要处理产业全球化与社会和生态要素本土化的矛盾;(4)工业发展的可持续性是工业生态学关注的核心目标,而多样性和复杂性给其研究带来了很大的挑战.这提醒我们要避免陷入简单化、还原论或机械论的陷阱,多开展实证研究.最后,从本体论、方法论和隐喻3个标准给出了工业生态学的初步界定,并指出4个重要的努力方向.  相似文献   

3.
基于GIS的产业生态学研究述评   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
王雪  施晓清 《生态学报》2017,37(4):1346-1357
产业生态学由于缺少关于空间分析的工具,使得研究结果因缺乏空间维度信息而影响对管理效率和精准度的支持。基于GIS的产业生态学相关研究已成为产业生态学研究的一个新的方向。为总结已有的研究成果并展望未来的研究方向,运用文献计量及对比分析的手段,系统分析了国内外基于GIS的产业生态学的相关研究进展,得出以下结论:当前基于GIS的产业生态研究主要集中在物质代谢、产业共生和生命周期评价3个方面,将GIS技术引入到物质代谢研究中,可以更好的展示物质代谢的时空分布格局,为物质代谢研究提供了一种新的方法;基于GIS技术,不仅可以更加高效地挖掘潜在的产业共生机会,还可应用于生态产业园的规划管理如企业的选址、空间布局等以及废弃物的回收再利用方面;将GIS与LCA耦合在一起,可以很好地补充、完善和管理传统数据,有助于探索产品、活动或工艺的环境影响的空间特性以及进行土地利用相关的环境影响评价。另外,国内外研究的侧重点也不尽相同。在物质代谢研究中,国内研究较少,仅在城市尺度上进行了基础设施的物质代谢及其存量分析,国外在国家、城市尺度上研究了铜、锌等金属的物质代谢情况;在产业共生研究中,国内侧重于生态产业园的研究,而国外侧重于城市尺度的产业共生机会识别的研究;在LCA的研究中,国内开展了基于GIS的生命周期评价数据库和产品材料信息管理系统的研究,而国外侧重于进行区域化的生命周期评价、进行土地利用影响类型的相关评价以及污染物的追踪,国内在该方面尚处于起步阶段。国内外在研究方法上存在共性,都是基于GIS的空间分析方法、缓冲区分析方法以及数据库技术等。未来将GIS作为一个平台,面向产业转型展开产业生态学综合理论方法的研究,可以为产业的可持续性管理提供有效支持。  相似文献   

4.
张庆国 《生态学报》2004,24(2):393-394
阿尔卡拉第2届国际数学生态学大会(Alcala 2^nd International Conference on Mathematical Ecology,AICME—Ⅱ)于2003年9月4日至2003年9月9日在西班牙,马德里。阿尔卡拉大学(University of Alcala de Henares)召开。本届大会由西班牙阿尔卡拉大学主办。得到西班牙科技部(Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology,MCYT),法国发展研究所(French Institute  相似文献   

5.
6.
变化的世界中的生态学——第8届国际生态学大会简介   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
由国际生态学联合会 ( INTECOL)主办、韩国生态学会和韩国环境部共同承办的第 8届国际生态学大会于 2 0 0 2年 8月 1 1日~ 1 8日在韩国首都汉城召开。大会主题为变化的世界中的生态学 ( Ecology in aChanging World)。此次会议得到了 Kookmin Bank、Asiana Airlines和 Yuhan- Kimberly Ltd.的资助 ,并得到了包括中国生态学学会、中国科学院在内的 2 2个单位的支持。来自世界约 60多个国家和地区的 1 70 0多名代表参加了会议 ,我国大陆与港、澳、台地区的生态学工作者积极参加了本次国际生态学的学术交流。本次会议交流的论文摘要约 …  相似文献   

7.
第87届美国生态学学会年会暨第14届国际恢复生态学大会于2002年8月4日至9日在美国图森(Tucson)市会议中心召开。这是首次由美国生态学会和国际生态学会两个非常重要的学会共同举办的大型学术会议,盛况空前,有来自26个国家的超过3200人参加了大会。大会共举办了36个专题讨论会,2000多人提供论文并发言;5个墙报专题展,包含900多个墙报展板;另有18个研讨会和晚间19个学术交流会。整个会议的内容涵盖了生态学和恢复生态学研究领域的方方面面。大会还组织了16个主题的野外  相似文献   

8.
产业生态学的回顾与展望   总被引:30,自引:2,他引:30  
对产业生态学的基本概念、研究方法和研究热点进行了总结与评述,认为产业生态学是研究人类产业活动与自然环境相互关系的一门综合性、垮学科的应用科学.它采用工业代谢、生命周期评价和区域生态建设的方法对产业活动全过程(包括原材料采掘、原材料生产、产品制造、产品使用、产品用后处理)进行定性描述和定量模拟.产业生态学着眼于人类和生态系统的长远利益,追求经济效益、生态效益和社会效益的统一.  相似文献   

9.
对产业生态学的基本概念、研究方法和研究热点进行了总结与评述,认为产业生态学是研究人类产业活动与自然环境相互关系的一门综合性、垮学科的应用科学。它采用工业代谢、生命周期评价和区域生态建设的方法对产业活动全过程(包括原材料采掘、原材料生产、产品制造、产品使用、产品用后处理)进行定性描述和定量模拟。产业生态学着眼于人类和生态系统的长远利益,追求经济效益、生态效益和社会效益的统一。  相似文献   

10.
第四届国际种子生态学大会于2013年6月22—26日在中国沈阳举行,共收到136份摘要,从进化种子生态学、种子传播、种子库、种子萌发与休眠、种子寿命和储藏、种子生态与植物多样性保护及植被恢复的关系等6个方面展示了种子生态学研究的进展。本文对这些研究进行了梳理,旨在为从事种子生态学研究的学者提供信息和指导。  相似文献   

11.
    
In the field of complex energetics, human societies to survive follow the same ‘maximum power principle’ as other living systems. In this view, human societies developed because they have been able to increase “their capacity to convert energy at a given time rate” rather than simply increase “their level of energy consumption”. This was translated into an increase of the level of ‘power capacity’ in human societies so far. Yet, one can expect that the level of power capacity will be altered in light of the unavoidable progressive depletion of fossil energy resources. The systemic study of power capacity in sustainability assessment is therefore essential for facing the external constraints ahead.Starting from the characterization commonly used in energy systems engineering, this paper seeks to clarify the concept of power capacity when used in sustainability assessment. It provides explicit methods of assessment for the different types of power capacity used by human societies. Power capacity refers to the converters transforming energy flows at a given time rate. Dealing with societal transitions therefore requires being able to characterize properly those converters in addition to the study of energy flows. However, this requires extending the timescale typically considered in conventional energy analysis which entails several epistemological problems over sustainability assessment.  相似文献   

12.
Emergy evaluation provided global performance indicators that were used to assess the impact of waste exchanges on the sustainability of a sulfuric acid production system (SAPS) and a titanium dioxide production system (TDPS) in Pan-zhi-hua City, China. Impact of emissions was quantified in terms of emergy and integrated into the classic emergy-based indicators. Results show that waste exchanges improve the sustainability of the two systems, although the SAPS benefits more from the waste exchanges than the TDPS from an economic perspective however, the impact of emissions reduces their sustainability to some degree. This study creates awareness and brings new insight to the gains achieved with resource recovery from waste in the interrelated industrial systems, which is derived from the mutualism relationship existing in natural ecosystems. Finally, this paper puts forward some corresponding suggestions.  相似文献   

13.
One proposed strategy to solve current environmental challenges is industrial and urban symbiosis (I/UrS); however, appropriate evaluation methods are needed so that the potential benefits of I/UrS can be quantified. Several evaluation methods have been applied separately to study I/UrS, but no integrated studies have been conducted by applying different methods in the same case study area. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a comprehensive framework to evaluate I/UrS by combining the material flow analysis (MFA), carbon footprint (CF) and emergy methods. First, we developed a unified database and step-by-step process to clarify the waste distribution and recycling processes in an industrial city. Then a baseline scenario and an I/UrS scenario were set up to define the baselines and effects of I/UrS and compare the results. Finally, the three methods were applied to identify physical features in the I/UrS system. The MFA-based results showed that the use of I/UrS led to a 6.4% reduction in the physical value of material use. The CF-based results indicated that reduction of waste and by-products results in a 13.8% reduction in CO2e emissions. The emergy-based results showed that, with the implementation of I/UrS, the value of the emergy sustainability index (excluding labor and services) improved greatly (a 49.2% emergy reduction) as compared with the baseline case (a 14.3% reduction). In addition, the effects of implementing I/UrS by waste and by-product exchanges for blast furnace slag, scrap steel, waste paper, and waste plastic were evaluated. Whereas the CF reductions of unit ton of blast furnace slag is relatively low, emergy reductions of that is comparatively high. If policymakers only consider CF results when addressing the issue of climate change, the effects on emergy will be underestimated in this case. We conclude that the main actors in this area release huge emissions, but they also have a high potential to reduce their environmental loads. In addition, with appropriate designs, waste paper and plastics recycling could be highly efficient. Finally, the integration of the three evaluation methods should contribute to creating a low carbon and more resource independent society.  相似文献   

14.
The Structure, Function, and Evolution of a Regional Industrial Ecosystem   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A framework has been developed to assess the structure, function, and evolution of a regional industrial ecosystem that integrates insights from industrial ecology and economic geography dimensions with complex systems theory. The framework highlights the multilayered landscape of natural ecosystem functions, economic transactions, policy contexts, and social interactions in which interfirm collaboration evolves. Its application to a single case study on the island of Puerto Rico revealed changes in the system's institutional context, its resource flows, and the composition of its industrial community. It illustrated that external forces and interactions among actors at multiple levels can cause permanent changes—but not necessarily system collapse—as policy choices and interfirm cooperation can be used to organize resources in ways that retain system functionality.  相似文献   

15.
16.
    
Three international stakeholder meetings were organized by The Netherlands-based \"Kluyver Center for Genomics of Industrial Fermentation\" with the objective to identify the future societal issues in the field of industrial biotechnology and to develop a coordinated strategy for public dialogue. The meetings resulted in five unanimous recommendations: (i) that science, industry and the European Commission in conjunction with other stakeholders create a comprehensive roadmap towards a bio-based economy; (ii) that the European Commission initiate a series of round-table meetings to further articulate the views, interests and responsibilities of the relevant stakeholders and to define policy; (iii) that the development of new innovative communication activities is stimulated to increase public engagement and to discuss the ways that we do or do not want technologies to shape our common future; (iv) that further social studies are undertaken on public attitudes and behaviors to the bio-based economy and that novel methods are developed to assess public views of future technological developments; and (v) that the concept of sustainability is further operationalized and taken as a core value driving research and development and policy making.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号