胫骨远端锁定加压钢板与解剖型钢板内固定治疗Pilon骨折的疗效比较

目的:研究胫骨远端锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定与解剖型钢板内固定术治疗Pilon骨折的临床疗效,为其治疗提供临床依据。方法:选择2010年1月~2014年12月本院收治的Pilon骨折患者共90例,按照随机数字表法随机分为LCP组(采用胫骨远端LCP内固定治疗)和对照组(采用解剖型钢板内固定治疗),比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间和术后疗效。结果:LCP组患者手术时间、术中出血量和术后愈合时间均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);LCP组患者术后疗效总优良率为89.6%高于对照组的76.2%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胫骨远端LCP内固定治疗Pilon骨折,具有创伤小、手术时间和术后愈合时间短、术中出血量少、术后疗效总优良率高的优点,是治疗Pilon骨折的有效方法     

PFNA与解剖型锁定钢板在老年股骨粗隆间骨折中的疗效观察

目的探讨PFNA与解剖型锁定钢板治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果。方法将我院收治的120例老年股骨粗隆间骨折手术患者分为两组,对照组使用解剖型锁定钢板内固定方式治疗,观察组使用PFNA内固定方式治疗,观察比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、骨折愈合时间、术后下床活动时间等以及髋关节功能Harris评分情况。结果观察组的手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、骨折愈合时间、术后下床活动时间均低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);髋关节功能Harris评分比较,观察组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者行PFNA内固定方式治疗的效果明显优于解剖型锁定钢板内固定,具有创伤小、负重时间短、固定牢靠等优点,可作为老年股骨粗隆间骨折治疗的首选方式。     

分阶段闭合复位微创内固定与解剖型钢板内固定术治疗Pilon 骨折的疗效比较

目的:对比分阶段闭合复位微创内固定与解剖型钢板内固定术治疗Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法:选择自2013年4月至2015年8月我院骨科收治的Pilon骨折患者122例,按照随机数表法,将患者分为对照组和研究组,每组61例。对照组患者行解剖型钢板内固定术治疗,而研究组患者行分阶段闭合复位微创内固定术治疗。统计分析两组患者的手术指标,并通过放射学及踝关节功能共同评价手术效果,术后进行半年的随访,对比两组患者并发症的发生情况。结果:研究组患者的手术时间、出血量、骨折愈合时间及住院时间均明显低于对照组,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组患者放射学及踝关节功能的优良率显著高于对照组(P0.01);研究组患者并发症发生率为4.92%(3/61)明显低于对照组的14.75%(9/61)(2=5.194,P=0.031)。结论:相比解剖型钢板内固定术,分阶段闭合复位微创内固定术治疗Pilon骨折临床效果更显著,并并发症的发生率低,可以作为治疗Pilon骨折的首选方法之一,值得在临床上推广使用。     

手术治疗Pilon骨折体会（附38例报告）

目的评价手术治疗Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法1998年6月-2006年6月应用AO技术对38例Pilon骨折行切开复位．支撑钢板及螺钉内固定治疗。术后随访1～3年,按Mazur标准进行功能评价。结果38例患者总优良率9z％,其中C1型18例,C2型15例,C3型5例。3例发生切口感染,4例出现创伤性踝关节炎。结论临床治疗效果与骨折类型及治疗方法有关,运用AO技术治疗Pilon骨折可以取得满意的疗效。     

胫前减张切口结合锁定加压钢板内固定治疗老年胫腓骨远端骨折的疗效

目的:探讨胫前减张切口结合锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定治疗老年胫腓骨远端骨折的临床效果。方法:选择2014年3月-2015年3月本院收治的老年胫腓骨远端骨折患者100例,根据手术方式不同分为减张组和内固定组。减张组行胫前减张切口结合锁定加压钢板内固定术,内固定组行锁定加压钢板内固定术。观察并比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症的发生率以及AOFAS评分。结果:两组手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);减张组患者骨折愈合时间短于内固定组,并发症的发生率低于内固定组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者AOFAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。减张组患者的手术优良率高于内固定组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胫前减张切口结合LCP内固定治疗老年胫腓骨远端骨折的临床效果显著,值得推广应用。     

锁定加压钢板与三叶草钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折比较分析

目的:探讨锁定加压钢板与三叶草钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的临床效果.方法:老年肱骨近端骨折分别采用锁定加压钢板治疗44例,三叶草钢板治疗48例,随访观察并比较二者手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、肩关节Neer评分、术后并发症等指标.结果:二种治疗方法在Neer评分优良率和住院时间方面无明显差异(P>0.05).但在手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量和术后并发症,锁定加压钢板优于三叶草钢板(P<0.05).结论:锁定加压钢板内固定方法可靠,骨折愈合率高,创伤小,并发症少.     

锁定加压钢板接骨术治疗胫骨Pilon 骨折

目的:评估锁定加压钢板接骨术治疗胫骨Pilon骨折的应用价值。方法:2006年4月-2010年12月,对48例胫骨Pilon骨折患者,采用锁定加压钢板(LCP)治疗的结果进行总结。手术前后运用AOFAS(美国足与踝关节协会)踝与后足功能评分(Ankl-e-Hindfoot Scale)系统进行治疗效果的评估。结果:本组按AOFAS踝与后足功能评分系统:术前平均为(67.6±7.4)分,可18例,差30例;术后评分改善到平均为(90.9±7.2)分,优19例,良21例,可5例,差3例,踝与后足功能评分术前与术后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:用锁定加压钢板接骨术治疗胫骨Pilon骨折,有利于踝关节功能恢复,疗效确切,适应症广泛,较其他内固定器而言,锁定加压钢板在临床上更适用。     

锁定钢板与空心螺钉治疗肱骨大结节骨折的疗效比较

目的:比较锁定钢板与空心螺钉治疗肱骨大结节骨折的临床疗效及安全性。方法:对2010年1月至2013年1月手术治疗的81例单纯肱骨大结节骨折患者进行回顾性分析,患者均行切开复位内固定,固定方式分别采用锁定钢板与空心螺钉。围手术期观察指标为:手术时间、术中出血量、住院天数等。术后按时间节点随访,至少为术后1年,最终随访时给予X线摄片以观察愈合情况,采用ASES评分、Constant-Murley评分及VAS评分评估肩关节功能及疼痛程度。结果:63例患者获得随访,随访时间1~3年,平均1.9年。钢板组(33例)ASES评分(91.01±4.88)分、Constant-Murley评分(90.21±3.97)分、VAS评分(0.58±0.63)分,满意率为93.94%;螺钉组(30例)ASES评分(80.58±6.72)分、Constant-Murley评分(80.67±7.25)分、VAS评分(1.08±0.68)分,满意率为73.33%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗单纯肱骨大结节骨折固定可靠,安全性较高,肩关节功能恢复好,并发症发生率较低,可获得较为满意的临床效果。     

交锁髓内钉与经皮锁定钢板治疗胫骨骨折的临床对照研究

目的:探讨交锁髓内钉与经皮锁定钢板治疗胫骨骨折的疗效。方法:选取了100例胫骨骨折患者,按住院单双号分为两组,对照组(48例)给予交锁髓内钉,观察组(52例)给予经皮锁定钢板治疗。通过观察并记录疗效,围手术期指标及随访3个月的并发症发生情况,评价交锁髓内钉与经皮锁定钢板治疗胫骨骨折的疗效。结果:采用经皮锁定钢板内固定和交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折,两种手术方法所需手术时间无统计学差异(P0.05),经皮锁定钢板内固定术术中出血量更少,术后观察组患者住院时间和骨折愈合时间更短(P0.05),术后3个月,观察组患者有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05),随访3个月期间,观察组并发症5例,发生率9.6%,对照组并发症12例,发生率25.0%,观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:经皮锁定钢板对胫骨骨折具有较好的疗效,手术安全性高,并发症少,能促进骨折愈合,使患者尽早康复,值得临床推广使用。     

锁定钢板与解剖钢板内固定在pilon骨折治疗中的应用比较

目的探讨锁定钢板与解剖钢板内固定在pilon骨折治疗中的应用效果。方法选取我院收治的pilon骨折患者91例为研究对象,根据治疗方式不同分为对照组45例和观察组46例。对照组予以解剖钢板内固定治疗,观察组患者采用锁定钢板内固定治疗,并对两组患者的治疗效果进行比较分析。结果观察组患者的手术时间、骨折愈合时间、住院时间、下地负重时间均明显短于对照组,差异具有显著统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的优良率为91.1%,对照组的优良率为64.4%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗前各项生活质量评分无明显差异(P0.05);治疗后,观察组的生理功能、身体疼痛、总体健康、活力、情感职能、心理健康评分均明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论锁定钢板内固定在pilon骨折治疗中的应用效果优于解剖钢板内固定,值得临床推广应用。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Separation of the pineal vesicle from the wall of the third ventricle during the post-hatching development of the chicken

Summary According to light- and electron-microscopic observations the pineal organ of the 3-day-old chicken consists of a prominent end vesicle and a tapering parenchymal stalk. During this stage the pineal lumen is in open communication with the third ventricle. However, in the 40-day-old chicken, which still possesses a well-developed end vesicle, the proximal portion of the pineal stalk displays regressive changes leading to local fragmentation. At this stage the pineal stalk is reduced, and the pineal lumen is missing. In 1-year-old chickens the parenchyma of the proximal portion of the stalk is further diminished, and in 3-year-old domestic fowl is completely displaced by bundles of collagenous fibers, only some nerve fibers being present. This post-hatching pineal development may reflect the sequence of changes leading from pineal sense organs to pineal glands.This work was supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan