中国细锤角叶蜂属一新种(膜翅目:锤角叶蜂科)

记述了采自中国河南省伏牛山区的锤角叶蜂科Cimbicidae细锤角叶蜂属Leptocimbex1新种:愈节细锤角叶蜂Leptocimbex zhongi Wei,sp.nov.。该新种与L.terrifica Malaise,1931近似,但触角第6~7节几乎愈合,界限模糊,触角窝上突不互相靠近,侧额脊前半部明显,后半部缺如,单眼后区后部黄褐色,翅基片、腹部第2~3背板全部和后足股节全部黑色,阳茎瓣背突叶短宽,端部圆钝等,容易鉴别。新种模式标本保存于中南林业科技大学模式昆虫标本室。     

中国湖南细锤角叶蜂属一新种(膜翅目,锤角叶蜂科)

记述了采自中国湖南的锤角叶蜂科Cimbicidae细锤角叶蜂属Leptocimbex 1新种,Leptocimbex brevivertexis Wei et Yan,sP.nov..该种与Leptocimbex tenuicinctus Malaise,1939以及L.marginatus (Turner,1920)最近似,但两性单眼后区宽明显大于长;雄虫上唇平坦,无中纵脊;腹部背板无金属蓝色光泽,第1背板刻纹细弱,腹部2～7腹板大部黑色;中胸前侧片下缘无横脊;单眼后区侧沟完整,底部完全光滑.新种的寄主植物为槭树科Aceraceae的青榨槭Acer davidii Franch.新种模式标本保存于中南林业科技大学昆虫系统与进化生物学实验室昆虫标本室(CSCS).     

中国锤角叶蜂科一新纪录属及一新种(膜翅目,锤角叶蜂科)

记述了采自中国河北和辽宁的锤角叶蜂科Cimbicidae东锤角叶蜂属1新种:中国东锤角叶蜂Orientabia sinica Wei et Yan,sp.nov.o新种与O.coreana Takeuchi,1927近似,但上唇黑色,前翅C脉和Sc脉端部黑褐色,腹部第1背板黑色具铜色光泽,胸部柔毛黄色,中窝三角形,触角第3节仅微长于其后2节之和,锯鞘侧面观端部圆,具明显的耳形侧突,而O.coreana上唇褐色,前翅C脉和Sc脉黄褐色,腹部第1背板具绿色光泽,胸部毛黑色,中窝倒梯形,触角第3节几乎等长于其后3节之和,锯鞘侧面观端部宽截型.东锤角叶蜂属 Orientabia Malaise,1934是中国新纪录属.     

片角叶蜂属研究及四新种记述(膜翅目,叶蜂科,平背叶蜂亚科)

对膜翅目叶蜂科平背叶蜂亚科的片角叶蜂属Indostegia Malaise进行了系统研究,描述了分布于中国川滇黔地区的4个新种:多齿片角叶蜂Indostegia multidenticula sp nov,短角片角叶蜂I brevicornis sp.nov,黑股片角叶蜂I.nigrofemorata sp nov.和短刃片角叶蜂I.breviserrula sp.nov..基于新的材料重新描述了片角叶蜂属的属征,编制了片角叶蜂属分种检索表.新种模式标本分别保存于中南林学院昆虫标本室和中国科学院动物研究所.     

中国细锤角叶蜂属格氏细锤角叶蜂Leptocimbex grahami种团二新种（膜翅目：锤角叶蜂科）

记述采自中国浙江天目山与湖北神农架的细锤角叶蜂属格氏细锤角叶蜂种团Leptocimbex grahami group 2新种:黑毛细锤角叶蜂L.nigropilosus Yan&Wei sp.nov.和神农架细锤角叶蜂L.shennongjiaensis Yan,Wei&Deng sp.nov.;总结了格氏细锤角叶蜂种团各已知种的特征及关系,并提供了分种检索表.     

中国细锤角叶蜂属两新种（膜翅目：锤角叶蜂科）

记述采自中国湖南和浙江的锤角叶蜂科Cimbicidae细锤角叶蜂属Leptocimbex 2新种:浅窝细锤角叶蜂L.afoveata WeiYan sp.nov.和凹脊细锤角叶蜂L.concavicarina WeiYan sp.nov.。编制了细锤角叶蜂属分种团检索表和L.terrifica种团以及L.gracilentus种团种类检索表。     

中国锤角叶蜂科一新记录种

中国锤角叶蜂科一新记录种ＡＮＥＷＲＥＣＯＲＤＯＦＣＩＭＢＩＣＩＤＡＥ（ＨＹＭＥＮＯＰＴＥＲＡ）ＴＯＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＷＡＮＧＦｅｎｇｋｕｉ（Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＰｌａｎｔＰｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ,ＮｏｒｔｈｗｅｓｔｅｒｎＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ,...     

美叶蜂属(膜翅目,叶蜂科)研究及一新种描述

详细讨论了叶蜂科平背叶蜂亚科美叶蜂属Yushengliua Wei et Nie,1999的属征,美叶蜂属与其近缘属间叶蜂属Taxonemphytus Malaise,1947以及形态上比较相似的丽叶蜂属Linomorpha Malaise,1947、雅叶蜂属Stenemphytus Wei et Nie,1999之间的鉴别特征。记述了中国美叶蜂属1新种:Y.formosa sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存于中南林业科技大学昆虫模式标本室。     

沟角叶蜂局Casipteryx Taeger分类研究（膜翅目：叶蜂科）

本文记述沟角叶蜂属２种,其中包括１新种：宽痣沟角叶蜂Ｃａｓｉｐｔｅｒｙｘ ｓｔｉｇｍａ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。文中详细描述了沟角叶蜂属已知２种雌雄两性开矿与区别,并给出了重要形态特征图、分布和分种检索表。长痣沟角叶蜂Ｃａｓｉｐｔｅｒｙｘ ｒｏｂｏｒｏｗｓｋｙｉ（Ｊａｋｏｖｌｅｖ）的雄性为首次描述。模式标本除另有注明外均保存于中南林学院环境资源系昆虫标本室。     

中国宽颊叶蜂属一新种(膜翅目,叶蜂科)

记述采自四川的叶蜂科宽颊叶蜂属 Adungia Malaise 1新种:短柄宽颊叶蜂 Adungia brevipetiolata sp.nov..简要描述了宽颊叶蜂属的特征,编制了宽颊叶蜂属分种检索表.新种模式标本保存于中南林业科技大学昆虫标本馆.     

Giant sawflies and their kin: morphological phylogeny of Cimbicidae (Hymenoptera)

The Cimbicidae is a small family including the largest extant true sawflies (Tenthredinoidea). It comprises four subfamilies, three of which have a northern hemisphere distribution (Abiinae, Cimbicinae – Holarctic/Oriental; Corynidinae – Palaearctic), whereas the Pachylostictinae are restricted to South America. No previous attempts have been made to evaluate the subfamily classification in a cladistic context. In the present paper, 144 morphological characters from the adult anatomy for a total of 95 species of Cimbicidae and 26 outgroup taxa are scored. All subfamilies and all genera of Cimbicidae except one are represented; all families of Tenthredinoidea are represented in the outgroup. Equal weights (EW) and implied weights (IW) analyses are conducted in tnt . The results largely corroborate the existing subfamily classification, except for Pachylostictinae which are paraphyletic in IW analyses with low K‐values. Abiinae + Cimbicinae is always retrieved and strongly supported; Corynidinae + Pachylostictinae is retrieved in most analyses but weakly supported. Revised diagnoses of the subfamilies are provided. Several genera are retrieved as monophyletic, notable exceptions being Praia and Trichiosoma, which are polyphyletic. The evolution of large body size in Cimbicidae is briefly discussed; possible related phenomena are intrasexual competition and mimicry, i.e. resemblance to large apids or vespids.     

Characterization of the pleiotropic phenotype of an ompR strain of Xenorhabdus nematophila

Xenorhabdus nematophila is an insect pathogen that forms a symbiotic association with the nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae. Xenorhabdus is carried into the insect host by the nematode, is released into the hemolymph and participates in killing the insect. The bacteria grow to high concentrations supporting the development of the nematode in the hemolymph. OmpR is a global regulatory protein involved in the regulation of porin genes, motility, acid tolerance and virulence in several enteric bacteria. To study the role of ompR in the lifecyle of Xenorhabdus, an ompR -minus strain was constructed. The ompR strain produced markedly reduced levels of the porin protein, OpnP and was both hypermotile and exhibited a hyperhemolysis phenotype. Inactivation of flhDC, the master regulator for flagella synthesis, eliminated hemolysin production in the ompR strain, suggesting that ompR regulates hemolysin production via flhDC. The ompR mutant strain was virulent towards insect hosts. However, when nematodes were grown on a mixture of the wild-type and the ompR strain, only the wild-type strain was recovered indicating that ompR is required for competitive symbiotic interaction with the nematode. The role of ompR in the symbiosis between the bacterium and the nematode is under investigation. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Neoschumannia (includingSwynnertonia), a primitive genus of theAsclepiadaceae-Stapelieae

A comparison of the West AfricanNeoschumannia Schltr. and the East AfricanSwynnertonia S. Moore reveals that the two monotypic genera must be united.Swynnertonia is sunk into synonymy ofNeoschumannia and the new combinationNeoschumannia cardinea (S. Moore)Meve is made for the East African species.Neoschumannia is shown to belong to the tribeStapelieae. The taxon exhibits a very unusual character combination: the growth form of a woody liana is combined with a tripartite corona unique within theAsclepiadaceae. The morphology of the corona suggests a position ofNeoschumannia close to the base of theStapelieae —Ceropegiinae alliance.     

A reconsideration of the genusRabdosiella (Lamiaceae,Nepetoideae, Ocimeae)

The two generaPlectranthus andIsodon are compared and found to be very dissimilar.Isodon ist considered to be misplaced inOcimeae subtribePlectranthinae and apparently is more closely related to subtribeHyptidinae. The disjunct genusRabdosiella is compared to these two genera and regarded to be polyphyletic. The AfricanR. calycina (Benth.)Codd is returned toPlectranthus and calledP. calycinus Benth., while the AsianR. ternifolia (D. Don)Codd is placed inIsodon sect.Pyramidium and calledI. ternifolius (D. Don)Kudo.     

Phylogenetic relationships of Auriculoscypha based on ultrastructural and molecular studies

The phylogeny of Auriculoscypha anacardiicola, an associate of scale insects in India, is investigated using subcellular characters and MP and Bayesian analyses of combined nuLSU-rDNA, nuSSU-rDNA and 5.8S rDNA sequence data. It has simple septa with a pulley-wheel-shaped pore plug, which is diagnostic of phytoparasitic members of the Pucciniomycetes, and hyphal wall break on branching, a phenomenon unique to some simple septate heterobasidiomycetes. The septal ultrastructure of A. anacardiicola is similar to that of the genus Septobasidium. The close relationship to Septobasidium is also confirmed by rDNA sequence analyses. The polyphyletic nature of the order Platygloeales, noted in earlier studies, is evident from the present molecular analysis as well. The placement of Auriculoscypha in the Platygloeales can no longer be justified and both ultrastructural and molecular evidence strongly support the placement of Auriculoscypha in the Septobasidiales.     

Phylogenetic investigations of Sordariaceae based on multiple gene sequences and morphology

The family Sordariaceae incorporates a number of fungi that are excellent model organisms for various biological, biochemical, ecological, genetic and evolutionary studies. To determine the evolutionary relationships within this group and their respective phylogenetic placements, multiple-gene sequences (partial nuclear 28S ribosomal DNA, nuclear ITS ribosomal DNA and partial nuclear β-tubulin) were analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses. Analyses of different gene datasets were performed individually and then combined to generate phylogenies. We report that Sordariaceae, with the exclusion Apodus and Diplogelasinospora, is a monophyletic group. Apodus and Diplogelasinospora are related to Lasiosphaeriaceae. Multiple gene analyses suggest that the spore sheath is not a phylogenetically significant character to segregate Asordaria from Sordaria. Smooth-spored Sordaria species (including so-called Asordaria species) constitute a natural group. Asordaria is therefore congeneric with Sordaria. Anixiella species nested among Gelasinospora species, providing further evidence that non-ostiolate ascomata have evolved from ostiolate ascomata on several independent occasions. This study agrees with previous studies that show heterothallic Neurospora species to be monophyletic, but that homothallic ones may have a multiple origins. Although Gelasinospora and Neurospora are closely related and not resolved as monophyletic groups, there is insufficient evidence to place currently accepted Gelasinospora and Neurospora species into the same genus.     

Molecular phylogeny of Phebalium (Rutaceae: Boronieae) and related genera based on the nrDNA regions ITS 1+2

Parsimony analyses of the internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS 1 & ITS 2) for 38 taxa sampled from the Phebalium group (Rutaceae: Boronieae) and two outgroups confirm that, with the exception of Phebalium sensu stricto and Rhadinothamnus, six of the currently recognised genera within the group are monophyletic. The data indicate that Phebaliums. str. is paraphyletic with respect to Microcybe, and Rhadinothamnus is paraphyletic with respect to Chorilaena. Rhadinothamnus and Chorilaena together are the sister group to Nematolepis. Drummondita, included as an outgroup taxon, clustered within the ingroup as sister to Muiriantha and related to Asterolasia.The phylogeny suggests that the evolution of major clades within a number of these genera (e.g. Phebalium) relates to vicariance events between eastern and south-western Australia. Leionema is an eastern genus, with the most basal taxon being the morphologically distinct Leionema ellipticum from northern Queensland. Leionema also includes one species from New Zealand, but this species (as with some others) proved difficult to sequence and its phylogenetic position remains unknown. Taxonomic changes at the generic level are recommended.The authors wish to thank Paul G.Wilson, PERTH, for advice and discussion, and Paul Forster, BRI, for collecting and providing material of Leionema ellipticum. The project was supported by a Melbourne University Postgraduate Award (to BM), the Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS), Australian Systematic Botany Society and Wolf Den (Australia) Investments.