中国蚜小蜂科一新纪录属及一新纪录种(膜翅目,小蜂总科)

记述蚜小蜂科Aphelinidae艾蚜小蜂亚科Eriaporinae的中国1新纪录属,迈蚜小蜂属Myiocnema Ashmead,以及中国1新纪录种,康氏迈蚜小蜂Myiocnema comperei Ashmead。讨论了艾蚜小蜂亚科的分类概况,记述了迈蚜小蜂属的属征、地理分布及其生物学,以及中国新纪录种的形态特征、寄主、分布等,并附有形态特征照片。研究标本保存于福建农林大学植物保护学院。     

The Nearctic species of Orthoplema (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Abstract. The species of the genus Orthopelma Taschenburg in North America are reviewed. Members are endoparasites of the cynipids Diastrophus on Rubus and Diplolepis on Rosa. The Nearctic species ar occidentale, califomicum and erythropa , described by Ashmead, ovale Provancher, and the Holarctic species mediator Thunberg. The names coloradense Ashmead and diastrophi Ashmead are newly placed in synonymy with occidentale Ashmead. Relationships of the species are discussed.     

Pseudochakura (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae), a New World genus of chalcidoids parasitic on ants

Abstract. The genus Pseudochakura Ashmead (Eucharitidae: Eucharitinae) is revised to include thirteen species which all share the complete fusion of the genae behind the mandibles and a loss of functional mouthparts. Eight Neotropical and one Nearctic species of Pseudochakura are described as new: atra (Mexico), condylus (lesser Antilles), excruciata (Brazil), frustrata (Argentina), liburna (Florida, U.S.A.), pauca (Argentina), prolata (Argentina), sculpturata (Brazil; Florida, U.S.A.), septuosa (Mexico). P. chilensis Kieffer is redescribed. The known distribution of P.nigrocyanea Ashmead is extended to Uruguay and Venezuela. The known distribution of P. americana (Howard) [comb.n.] is extended to Panama, Columbia, Ecuador, Argentina and northward into the southern tip of Florida. All three previously described Nearctic species are synonomized under the name P.gibbosa (Provancher) with P.arizonensis (Crawford) and P.californica (Ashmead) as junior synonyms. Biological information is summarized providing new information on both plant and ant hosts. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus is nresenteri.     

Description,circumscription and phylogenetics of the new tribe Zaeucoilini (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae), including a description of a new genus

Abstract Neotropical eucoiline genera that have been included in and allied with the Zaeucoila genus group are redescribed. Following character analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction (25 taxa, 96 morphological characters, 1452 ribosomal and mitochondrial characters), this informal genus group was found to be monophyletic, and hence raised to formal recognition as a tribe of eucoilines, namely Zaeucoilini new tribe . Through phylogenetic reconstruction, Aegeseucoela Buffington was determined to be polyphyletic; the type species of Aegeseucoela, A. grenadensis (Ashmead), is transferred to Agrostocynips comb.n. ; the orphaned species, A. flavotincta (Kieffer), is transferred to Marthiella Buffington gen.n. , comb.n. Based on the examination of the holotype of Diranchis flavipes Ashmead, 1900 , this species is transferred to Rhabdeucoela comb.n. , where it is both a junior, subjective synonym of flavipes ( Ashmead, 1894 ) syn.n. and a junior, secondary homonym. Zaeucoilini contains the following genera: Agrostocynips Diaz, Dettmeria Borgmeier, Dicerataspis Ashmead, Lopheucoila Weld, Marthiella Buffington, Moneucoela Kieffer, Moritiella Buffington, Penteucoila Weld, Preseucoela Buffington, Rhabdeucoela Kieffer, Tropideucoila Ashmead and Zaeucoila Ashmead. Characters and character states applicable specifically to Zaeucoilini are defined and illustrated. Characters supporting the monophyly of each genus are discussed. The plesiomorphic host for members of the Zaeucoilini are postulated as agromyzid leaf‐mining Diptera, with one shift within the clade containing Dettmeria, Dicerataspis and Lopheucoila to fruit‐infesting Diptera. New host records are reported for species of Preseucoela, Rhabdeucoela and Zaeucoila. All known hosts for the species of each genus are reported, as are known distributions and locations of type specimens.     

Three new records of Epyrinae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) from Korea,with a description of male of the genus Allobethylus

Allobethylus tomoae Terayama, Cephalonomia tarsalis (Ashmead) and Laelius yamatonis Terayama of Epyrinae are recorded for the first time from Korea. Allobethylus tomoae Terayama, C. tarsalis (Ashmead) and L. yamatonis Terayama are redescribed based on Korean specimens with the biometric measurement data for each species. The genera Allobethylus and Laelius are newly recorded from Korea. Male of Allobethylus is discovered for the first time.     

The genus Diolcogaster Ashmead, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from China

The genus Diolcogaster Ashmead, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from China is revised and keyed, with nine new species, namely Diolcogaster bifurcifossasp. n., Diolcogaster brevivenasp. n., Diolcogaster grammatasp. n., Diolcogaster ineminenssp. n., Diolcogaster laetimediasp. n., Diolcogaster pluriminitidasp. n., Diolcogaster praritassp. n., Diolcogaster punctatiscutumsp. n. and Diolcogaster translucidasp. n. described and illustrated, and one species, Diolcogaster perniciosa (Wilkinson, 1929) recorded for the first time from China. A key to the Chinese species of this genus is provided.     

中国茧蜂亚科复眼具毛的三属及一新种记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科)

茧蜂亚科中有些类群复眼具毛,种数稀少,标本较难采到。本文记述中国茧蜂亚科中复眼具毛的3属及1新种,它们分别为:宽凹茧蜂属ChelonogastraAshmead,1900;埃茧蜂属EctemnoplaxEnderlein,1920和集点茧蜂属PycnobraconCameron,1902,及西藏埃茧蜂Ectemnoplaxxizanginensis,sp.nov.,其中1属未发现标本。同时提供3属检索表,另附各属及新种的形态特征图,所有标本保存在浙江大学昆虫科学研究所。埃茧蜂属EctemnoplaxEnderlein,19201.西藏埃茧蜂Ectemnoplaxxizanginensis,新种(图1a~f)正模:♀,西藏墨脱,背崩,1980-Ⅱ-02,金根桃,吴建毅。该种与粒腹毛眼茧蜂EctemnoplaxperuliventrisEnderlein较为相似,但可通过如下特征区别:翅脉cu-a微弱后叉;第2腹背板具微弱中基三角区,后端延伸至第2~3腹背板间沟缝;第4腹背板中基具月牙形黑色区,剩余区域淡黄。分布:中国(西藏)。2.白腹埃茧蜂EctemnoplaxperuliventrisEnderlein,1920分布:中国(海南、台湾)和日本。宽凹茧蜂属ChelonogastraAshmead,1900据报道,该属有2种中国台湾曾有分布,但本次研究中未发现其标本。3.台湾宽凹茧蜂ChelonogastraformosanaWatanabe,1937分布:中国(台湾)和日本。4.山岳宽凹茧蜂ChelonogastrakoebeleiAshmead,1900(图2a~e)分布:中国(台湾)和日本。集点茧蜂属PycnobraconCameron,1902,中国新记录5.黑集点茧蜂PycnobraconnigerCameron,1902,中国新记录(图3a-h)研究标本:1♂,浙江古田山,1990-Ⅴ-01,马云,No.906148。分布:中国(浙江);印澳区。     

Current state of knowledge of the Korean Cynipini: subspecies description,new combinations and checklist (Hymenoptera,Cynipidae)

Prior to this study, only 8 species of oak gall-forming wasps were known from Korea. After material examination and an exhaustive bibliographic revision, a total of 17 oak gall wasps species have been reported. The following species correspond to new records: Andricus hakonensis (Ahmead); A. pseudocurvator Tang & Melika; A. songshui Tang & Melika; Cerroneuroterus folimargo (Monzen); C. monzeni (Dettmer); C. vonkuenburgi (Dettmer); Neuroterus hakonensis Ashmead, Trichagalma acutissimae (Monzen), T. formosana Melika & Tang. It was impossible to obtain adult specimens for all the species, and and the following species are recorded only based on galls: Andricus kashiwaphilus Abe; A. mukaigawae (Mukaigawa); A. pseudoflos (Monzen); A. targionii Kieffer; Cerroneuroterus folimargo (Monzen); C. monzeni (Dettmer); Neuroterus hakonensis Ashmead; Trichagalma acutissimae (Monzen). The species Dryocosmus kunugiphagus Ide & Abe, 2015 is transferred to the genus Plagiotrochus: Plagiotrochus kunugiphagus (Ide & Abe, 2015) n. comb. Additionally a new subspecies of Trichagalma formosana is described to include the material from Korea and Mainland China, closely related but morphologically different to the Taiwan populations. For each species live cycle, morphology of galls, hosts, phenology, and distribution are commented. In some of them taxonomic or morphological comments are mentioned and a key of agamic Trichagalma with dark smoky pigmented spots in the forewing is added. All galls are illustrated. An up-to-date checklist of the Korean Cynipini is provided. The previously reported species from Korea (Andricus noliquercicola Shinji, 1938; Aphelonyx crispulae Mukaigawae, 1920; Neuroterus narae Shinji, 1941 and Neuroterus nawai Ashmead, 1904) are here excluded from the Korean species list.     

The West Indian species of Encyrtidae described by L. D. Howard, 1894 and 1897 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)

Abstract. The following species of encyrtids described by Howard (1894, 1897) from St Vincent and Grenada are redescribed or dealt with in some other way. The current generic placements and synonymies are indicated in parentheses. Archinus occupants (Archinus), Aphycus amoenus (Metaphycus comb.n.), Aratus scutellatus (= brasiliensis Subba Rao syn.n., Zeteticontus), Blastothrix insolitus ( Anagyrus comb .n. ), Bothriothorax insularis (Zeteticontus), Cerchysius terebratus (Anagyrus), Cerchysius pulchricornis (Anagyrus), Chieloneurus funiculus (= cupreicollis Ashmead syn.n., Cheiloneurus), Cheiloneurus nigrescens (= longisetaceus De Santis syn.n., Cheiloneurus), Copidosoma diversicomis (Apoanagyrus comb.n.), Encyrtus argentipes (Zaomma), Encyrtus crassus (= Encyrtus gargaris Walker syn.n. = Giraultella lopesi Costa Lima & Ferreira syn. n, Coelopencyrtus comb.n.), Encyrtus conformis (Encyrtus), Encyrtus convexus (= Encyrtus nitidus (Howard) syn. n.), Encyrtus flaviclavus (Encyrtus), Encyrtus hirtus (Hunterellus comb.n.), Encyrtus moderatus (= Adelencyrtus femoralis Compere & Annecke syn. n. = Adelencyrtus miyarai Tachikawa syn. n., Adelencyrtus comb.n.), Encyrtus nitidus (= Protyndarichus proximus De Santis syn. n., Protyndarichus comb.n.), Encyrtus quadricolor (Encyrtus), Encyrtus rotundiformis (Psyllaephagus comb.n.), Encyrtus sordidus (Forcipestricis comb.n.), Encyrtus submetallicus (Ooencyrtus), Habrolepoidea glauca (Habrolepoidea) and Homalopoda cristata (Homalopoda). Xiphomastix De Santis is synonymized with Anagyrus Howards (syn. n.), both included species ( X. nigriceps De Santis and X. bellator De Santis) being transferred to the latter. Propsyllaephagus Blanchard is synonymized with Psyllaephagus Ashmead (syn.n), Aratiscus laevigatus De Santis is transferred to Zeteticontus Silvestri (comb n.) and a key to the South American species of the genus is provided.     

Parasitism and predation of stink bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) eggs in Georgia corn fields

Nezara viridula L. and Euschistus servus (Say) are the predominant species of phytophagous stink bugs on corn, Zea mays L., in Georgia. Oebalus pugnax pugnax (F.) occurs in relatively low numbers, and the predatory stink bug Podisus maculiventris (Say) is commonly found. Limited information is available on natural biological control of these four stink bug species in Georgia corn fields; therefore, a 6-yr study of parasitism and predation of their eggs was initiated in 2003. Naturally occurring stink bug eggs were parasitized by six scelionid species, Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston), T. thyantae Ashmead, T. brochymenae (Ashmead), T. euschisti (Ashmead), Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Telenomus calvus Johnson, and one encyrtid species, Ooencyrtus sp. T. basalis was the most prevalent parasitoid of N. viridula, parasitizing E. servus and P. maculiventris eggs at low levels. T. podisi, the predominant parasitoid species emerging from eggs of E. servus and P. maculiventris, also parasitized O. p. pugnax eggs exclusively and parasitized N. viridula eggs at low levels. T. euschisti and T. thyantae parasitized E. servus egg masses. T. brochymenae parasitized eggs of both E. servus and P. maculiventris. T. calvus parasitized only P. maculiventris eggs. The same species of egg parasitoids that parasitized naturally occurring eggs of N. viridula and E. servus parasitized sentinel eggs of these bugs, except that no T. calvus and Ooencyrtus sp. were obtained from sentinel eggs, and T. thyantae and T. brochymenae emerged from sentinel eggs of N. viridula. Generally, parasitization of an egg mass was either greater than or equal to predation of sentinel eggs of N. viridula and E. servus. However, on some dates in late June and July, predation of sentinel egg masses was numerically approximately twice as high as parasitism. Results indicate stink bug egg parasitoids and predators are significant factors in the natural biological control of stink bugs in corn fields.     

A new species of Megalommum Szépligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae); a parasitoid of the pistachio longhorn beetle (Calchaenesthes pistacivora Holzschuh; Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) in Iran

A new species of the genus Megalommum Szépligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae), reared from the pistachio longhorn beetle (Calchaenesthes pistacivora Holzschuh; Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is described and illustrated. The genera Curreia Ashmead, 1900 and Endovipio Turner, 1922 are new synonyms of Megalommum Szépligeti, 1900. Notes on the biology of Megalommum pistacivoraesp. n. and a key to the West Palaearctic and Oriental species are added. The following new combinations are given: Megalommum xanthoceps (Fahringer, 1928), comb. n.,Megalommum jacobsoni (Tobias, 1968), comb. n.,Megalommum ayyari (Watanabe, 1950), comb. n.,Megalommum philippinense (Baker, 1917), comb. n.,Megalommum dodecanesi(Ferrière, 1922), comb. n.,Megalommum ceresense (Turner, 1922), comb. n., Megalommum inareatum (Granger, 1949), comb. n.,Megalommum antefurcale (Szépligeti, 1915) comb. n. and Megalommum tibiale (Ashmead, 1906), comb. n.     

A new wild, pollinating bee species of the genus Tetraloniella from the Arabian Peninsula (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

A new species of the eucerine bee genus Tetraloniella Ashmead (Apinae: Eucerini) is described and figured from central Saudi Arabia and Qatar. Tetraloniella (Tetraloniella) persiciformissp. n. is distinguished on the basis of coloration, integumental sculpturing, male metafemoral structure, and male terminalia. A floral record of Pulicaria undulata (L.) C.A. Mey. (Compositae) is noted for some of the material. Females superficially resemble those of Tarsalia persica (Warncke) (Ancylaini) in overall coloration but can be distinguished by the typical generic and tribal characters.     

江淮棉区棉大卷叶螟主要寄生性天敌的寄生作用

通过大田调查与室内饲养观察结果表明,江淮棉区棉大卷叶螟Sylepta derogataFabricius的主要寄生蜂(蝇)有7种:卷叶螟绒茧蜂Apanteles derogatae(Watanabe)、叶卷蚁形蜂Goniozus japonicus(Ashmead)、卷叶螟姬小蜂Sympiesissp.、菲岛扁股小蜂Elasmus philippinensis(Ashmead)、广黑点瘤姬蜂Xanthopimplapunctata(Fabricius)、广大腿小蜂Brachymeria lasus(Walker)和玉米螟厉寄蝇Lydella grisescens(Robineau-Desvoidy)。其中,卷叶螟绒茧蜂和卷叶螟姬小蜂为棉大卷叶螟幼虫期优势寄生蜂种,广大腿小蜂为幼虫-蛹跨期优势寄生性天敌。自然情况下,棉大卷叶螟的被寄生率高达25.7%,寄生性天敌对棉大卷叶螟种群起着重要的控制作用。     

Two new species and one new record species of Rhopus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from China,with a key to Chinese species

Rhopus antennalis sp. nov. and R. qingdaoensis sp. nov. are described as new to science and R. nigroclavatus (Ashmead, 1902) is first recorded from China. A key to all the known Chinese species of the genus also presented.     

齿背茧蜂属一新种(膜翅目:茧蜂科)(英文)

本文报道了采自云南的齿背茧蜂属 Acanthormius Ashmead一新种 :双色齿背茧蜂 A.bicolor sp.nov.。模式标本保存于福建农业大学益虫研究室     

Natural incidence of egg parasitoids of Edessa meditabunda (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Crotalaria spectabilis in Campo Novo do Parecis, MT, Brazil

Egg parasitoids of the stink bug Edessa meditabunda (F) were studied on rattlepod Crotalaria spectabilis used in soybean crop rotation in Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso state, central western Brazil. Seven species of parasitoids were found: two Encyrtidae, one Eurytomidae, and four Platygastridae. The occurrence of Trissolcus euchisti (Ashmead) and Trissolcus elimatus Johnson (Platygastridae) on eggs of E. meditabunda is recorded for the first time. Moreover, this is the first record of T. elimatus and T. euchisti from Brazil.     

A modified DNA barcode approach to define trophic interactions between native and exotic pentatomids and their parasitoids

The establishment of invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) outside of its native range may impact native species assemblages, including other pentatomids and their scelionid parasitoids. This has generated interest in defining species diversity and host‐parasitoid associations in this system to better understand the impact of invasive alien species on trophic interactions in invaded regions. Information on scelionid–pentatomid associations in natural habitats is lacking, and species‐level identification of these associations can be tenuous using rearing and dissection techniques. Naturally occurring pentatomid eggs were collected in areas where H. halys has established in Canada and were analysed using a modified DNA barcoding approach to define species‐level trophic interactions. Identification was possible for >90% of egg masses. Eleven pentatomid and five scelionid species were identified, and trophic links were established. Approximately 70% of egg masses were parasitized; parasitism and parasitoid species composition were described for each species. Telenomus podisi Ashmead was the dominant parasitoid and was detected in all host species. Trissolcus euschisti Ashmead was detected in several host species, but was significantly more prevalent in Chinavia hilaris (Say) and Brochymena quadripustulata (Fabricius). Trissolcus brochymenae Ashmead and Tr. thyantae Ashmead were recorded sporadically. Parasitism of H. halys was 55%, and this species was significantly less likely to be parasitized than native pentatomids. The scelionid species composition of H. halys consisted of Te. podisi, Tr. euschisti and Tr. thyantae. Although these species cannot develop in fresh H. halys eggs, we demonstrate that parasitoids attempt to exploit this host under field conditions.     

Attack and Success of Native and Exotic Parasitoids on Eggs of Halyomorpha halys in Three Maryland Habitats

Egg parasitoids of the exotic invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), were investigated using lab-reared fresh (live) and frozen (killed) lab-reared sentinel egg masses deployed for 72h on foliage in three habitats—woods, orchard, and soybean field—in Maryland, USA, in summer 2014. Four native hymenopteran species, Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Scelionidae), Trissolcus euschisti (Ashmead) and Tr. brochymenae Ashmead (Scelionidae), and Anastatus reduvii (Howard) (Eupelmidae), developed and emerged from H. halys eggs. One exotic parasitoid, Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead), emerged, providing the first known occurrence of this species in North America. Native parasitoids emerged from frozen eggs significantly more often than from fresh eggs (89.3% of egg masses and 98.1% of individual eggs), whereas the exotic Tr. japonicus did not show a similar difference, strongly suggesting adaptation to H. halys as a host by Tr. japonicus but not by the native species. Parasitoids were habitat-specific: all three Trissolcus species were significantly more likely to occur in the woods habitat, whereas Te. podisi was found exclusively in the soybean field. Further investigations are required to elucidate evolving host-parasitoid relationships, habitat specificity, and non-target effects of Tr. japonicus over the expanded range of H. halys in North America.     

Distribution and nests of paper wasps of Polistes (Polistella) in northeastern Vietnam,with description of a new species (Hymenoptera,Vespidae, Polistinae)

Seven species of the subgenus Polistella Ashmead of the genus Polistes Latreille including a new species, P. brunetus Nguyen & Kojima, sp. n. described here, are recognized to occur in northeastern Vietnam, the easternmost part of the eastern slope of the Himalayas. A key to these species is provided. Their distributional records are remarked. Nests of P. delhiensis Das & Gupta, P. mandarinus de Saussure and P. brunetus are also described.