提高西瓜离体培养植株再生效率的研究

本文以"京欣1号"母本和"伊选"西瓜4天苗龄子叶为外植体,研究离体培养植株高频率再生体系.结果表明"伊选"子叶远轴端外植体的再生频率仅为10%,子叶近轴端外植体在5mg/LBA+0.1mg/L IAA的激素组合下植株再生频率为100%,平均每个外植体的丛生芽数在所有组合中最多,为10.3个;"京欣1号"母本子叶近轴端外植体在2mg/L BA+0.5mg/L IAA激素组合下植株再生频率为100%,平均每个外植体的丛生芽数在所有组合中最多,达6.9个.本试验条件下,子叶近轴端外植体接种4天即分化出不定芽,至再生苗的移栽仅需40天,在MS+0.1mg/L NAA的生根培养基上的生根率为97.3%,移栽成活率达98.5%.     

山苍子的离体培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　山苍子 (Ｌｉｔｓｅａｃｕｂｅｂａ) ,又名木姜子。2　材料类别　成年植株带芽茎段。3　培养条件　所使用的培养基为 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ3.0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＩＢＡ 0 .5 ;( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ2 .0 ＩＢＡ 0 .5 ;( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＫＴ 1 .0 Ｎ     

山葵的离体培养和植株再生

CInvitroCultureandPlangtletRegenerationofEutremawasabiWANGGuang-Dong,LIShi-Jun(DepartmentofHorticulture,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095)1植物名称山葵（Eutremawasabi）,又名山嵛菜。2材料类别带侧芽的根状茎。3培养条件（1）诱导培养基：1／2MS＋6－BA0．2mp·L－1（单位下同）＋NAA0．05;（2）增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA0．2＋KT0．2＋NAA0．05;（3）生根培养基：1／2MS＋NAA0．05。培养基（1）附加琼脂粉5．0g·L－1,其余附加6.0g·L－1。（1）和（2）培养基加蔗糖30g·L－1,（3）加20g·L－…     

党参的离体培养及植株再生的研究

在附加激素的MS培养基上,培养党参下胚轴和无菌芽切段,诱导产生愈伤组织并且再生植株。经过两年多(15个世代)的继代培养,建立了党参体细胞无性系。实验结果表明:(1)培养基MS 0.4mg/L 2,4-D 0.8mg/L Kt 2.0mg/L IAA对愈伤组织诱导及继代培养,MS 0.2mg/L 6-BA诱导外植体产生丛芽和愈伤组织再分化,MS 0.5mg/L NAA 0.2mg/L 6-BA及MS 0.2mg/L NAA诱导生根效果最好。(2)愈伤组织再分化经过胚状体途径。     

枣叶片离体培养再生植株

PlantletRegenerationfromLeavesCulturesofZizyphusiuiubaCHENZong－Li,YANZhi－Lian,QILong（Denyt17mllofmp,You’onl／nll＊,ndy,Yan’as716000）1植物名称枣（凯W…。Wwi）。2材料类别俗名“狗头枣”的无菌试管苗的叶片。3培养条件（l）叶片愈伤组织诱导及继代培养基：MS＋6－BA0．3mg／L（单位下同）＋2,4D20;（2）芽分化培养基：MS＋6－BAI．0＋IBA0．2＋D一泛酸钙1．0十活性发0．5％;（3）芽生长培养基：1／2MS＋6－BA0．2＋IAA0．04＋D一泛酸钙1．0;（4）芽增殖培养基：1／2MS＋6－BA0．4＋IAA0．0…     

厚皮甜瓜的离体培养植株再生

1　植物名称　厚皮甜瓜 (Ｃｕｃｕｍｉｓｍｅｌｏｓｓｐ .Ｐａｎｇ)主栽品种“皇后”。2　材料类别　种子。3　培养条件　诱导胚性愈伤组织培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ大量及微量元素 (下同 ) 6 ＢＡ 1 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ;( 2 )ＭＳ Ｂ5 有机 6 ＢＡ 1 ;( 3)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ1 6 ＢＡ 1 ;( 4 )ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 1 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ;( 5 )ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 1 6 ＢＡ 0 .1 ;( 6)ＭＳ ＩＡＡ 0 .1 6 ＢＡ 1。芽分化培养基 :( 7)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .2 ;( 8)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ0 .5 ;( 9)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ;( 1 0 )改良ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .2 ;( 1 1 )改良…     

提高菜心离体植株再生频率的研究

ＡｇＮＯ３与ＡＢＡ 相配合,在离体培养条件下从３个菜心（Ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａ ｐａｒａｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＢａｉｌ．）品种（“４９－１９”、“６０Ｄ”和“７０Ｄ”）获得了高频率的植株再生。结果表明：在试验的３种外植体中,子叶－子叶柄再生能力最强。实生苗龄及接种方式影响植株再生频率。ＭＳ附加不同浓度的ＢＡＰ和ＮＡＡ,ＢＡＰ ２ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ与ＮＡＡ １ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ配合效果最好,植株再生频率可达２６．８％ 。培养基中单独添加ＡｇＮＯ３ 或ＡＢＡ 均能促进植株再生,且ＡｇＮＯ３ 作用优于ＡＢＡ。ＡｇＮＯ３（４ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ）和ＡＢＡ（０．５ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ）相配合获得了更高的植株再生频率：“４９－１９”达８９％ ,“６０Ｄ”达８４．３％ ,“７０Ｄ”达８６％ 。组织学研究表明,在本实验条件下菜心离体培养植株再生方式为外植体直接出芽。不定芽起源于子叶柄切口端维管组织的薄壁细胞;由此种细胞分裂形成分生细胞团,继而分化成芽。试管苗移入盆中获得成熟植株     

瓠瓜的离体培养和植株的高效再生

９￣１０ｄ苗龄的瓠瓜无菌苗的带叶基（子叶片与子叶柄之间的部分）子叶在８种分化培养基上培养１５ｄ左右,结果在含３．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＺＴ的培养基上能以较高的频率直接分化出芽;分化培养前对带叶基子叶及仅含子叶叶基的两种外植体纵向切割都能明显提高出芽率,不含子叶叶基的外植体不能分化出芽,决定出芽的外植体的部位是子叶叶基;纵向切割子叶叶基前预培养９ｄ以上出芽率大幅度提高。     

地涌金莲吸芽的离体培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　地涌金莲 (Ｍｕｓｅｌｌａｌａｓｉｏｃａｒｐａ) ,别名地莲花 ,地芭蕉。2　材料类别　吸芽。3　培养条件　以改良的ＭＳ为基本培养基 ,并添加 1 0 %的椰子汁。诱芽培养基 :( 1 )ＢＡ 1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;( 2 ) 6 ＢＡ 3.0 ＮＡＡ0 .1 ;(     

果树离体叶片培养再生研究进展

从基本培养基的选择、外植体的选择、培养条件、激素和其它添加物的影响等方面综述了有关的研究成果,并提出了存在问题及今后的研究方向。     

Photosynthetic characteristics of Cymbidium plantlet in vitro

The photosynthetic characteristics of the Cymbidium plantlet in vitro cultured on Hyponex-agar medium with 2% sucrose were determined based on the measurements of CO₂ concentration inside and outside of the culture vessels. The CO₂ measurements were made with a gas chromatograph at a PPF (photosynthetic photon flux) of 35, 102 and 226 mol m^-2 s^-1, a chamber air temperature of 15, 25 and 35°C and a CO₂ concentration outside the vessel of approximately 350, 1100 and 3000 ppm. The net photosynthetic rates were determined on individual plantlets and were expressed on a dry weight basis. The steady-state CO₂ concentration during the photoperiod was lower inside the vessel than outside the vessel at any PPF greater than 35 mol m^-2s^-1 and at any chamber air temperature. The photosynthetic response curves relating the net photosynthetic rate, PPF, and CO₂ concentration in the vessel and chamber air temperature were similar to those for Cymbidium plants grown outside and other C₃ plants grown outside under shade. The results indicate that CO₂ enrichment for the plantlets in vitro at a relatively high PPF would promote photosynthesis and hence the growth of chlorophyllous shoots/plantlets in vitro and that the plantlets in vitro would make photoautotrophic growth under environmental conditions favorable for photosynthesis.Abbreviations C_in CO₂ concentration in the culture vessel - C_out CO₂ concentration outside the vessel (in the culture room) - PPF photosynthetic photon flux     

In vitro multiplication and plantlet establishment of avocado

Summary A procedure is described to regenerate shoots and plants from the embryonic axis of avocado seedlings with benzyladenine or thidiazuron. Explants were grown in the dark for 10 d and then transferred to an 18-h photoperiod to induce multiple shoots. Increased concentrations of benzyladenine or thidiazuron resulted in increased shoot production. Shoots were transferred to shoot promoting media where additional shoots were formed. Under the best conditions, six rooted shoots were produced per original explant. About 80% of the shoots with roots survived in the glasshouse and produced normal phenotypic plants.     

Effects of cerium on nitrogen metabolism of peach plantlet in vitro

The effect of CeCl₃ on the rooting and nitrogen metabolism of the peach plantlet in vitro was studied when the CeCl₃ was added to the rooted medium. The results showed that the rooting rate and the fresh weight of roots could be increased and the length of root could be enlarged, and the activities of nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase in the roots were increased significantly, the transformation of NO ₃ ⁻ to NH ₄ ⁺ and protein were promoted, and the nitrogen metabolism was accelerated when the plantlets grew in the optimum rooted medium that contained the concentration 0.3 μmol/L Ce³⁺.     

In vitro flowering of Bambusa edulis and subsequent plantlet survival

Bamboo shoots could be induced to flower in vitro, but there is very little information on the effect of growth components on flowering. In this study, multiple shoots grown from in vitro, spikelet-derived, somatic embryos of Bambusa edulis were used for in vitro flowering. Multiple shoots flowered on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) with 0.5 mM thidiazuron (TDZ) and 30 g l sucrose. Different     

Effects of lanthanum element on the rooting of loquat plantlet in vitro

We investigated the rooting rate, the number of roots, and the state of growth of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindi) plantlet in medium where La(NO₃)₃ (0.5–100.O μmol/L) was added 20 d after transplanting. The activity of peroxidase, nitrate reductase, and the fresh weight of roots were determined 44 d after transplanting. The result showed that the optimum concentration of La(NO₃)₃ (1.0–3.0 μmol/L) in the rooted medium could increase the rate and the fresh weight of rooting, promote the length of root, and increase the activities of peroxidase and nitrate reductase.     

Adventitious in vitro plantlet formation from immature floral stems of Crinum macowanii

Adventitious shoots and plantlets were regenerated in vitro from floral stem explants of Crinum macowanii (Bak.) (bush lily). The length (age) of the floral stem as well as the orientation and position of the explant disc in the floral stem were the most important factors affecting shoot regeneration. The highest number of shoots were regenerated when immature floral stems of 70–100 mm were used as starting material, using the middle or basal parts of the stem, and orientating the discs with their proximal ends on the medium. Combinations of kinetin (4.65 M) and either indoleacetic acid (0.57 M) or naphthaleneacetic acid (0.54 M), or a combination of benzyladenine (4.44 M) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.45 M) resulted in the highest numbers of shoots being regenerated. Although a slight degree of callus formation was noticed on the cut-edges of the discs, shoot formation did not occur via callus, but directly from the floral stem epidermis. Unrooted shoots were rooted on MS-medium containing 0.17 M sucrose.Abbreviations BA benzyladenine - IAA indoleacetic acid - IBA indolebutyric acid - NAA naphthaleneacetic acid - 2,4-d 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid     

In vitro plantlet regeneration from embryonic explants ofPinus pinea L

Summary Clonal propagation ofPinus pinea L. was achieved by organogenesis on cotyledon explants and the influence of several factors on adventitious bud production and development was investigated. Gupta and Durzan (DCR) medium with benzyladenine (5 μM) induced higher bud production. Bud development and shoot elongation required subcultures on medium with activated charcoal. Rooting was obtained after 10 d culture on medium containing IBA (10 μM).     

In vitro shoot bud differentiation and plantlet regeneration in Celastrus paniculatus Willd

Multiple shoot buds could be induced directly from internode explants of Celastrus paniculatus inoculated on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium containing different growth regulators. The best response was obtained when 4.44 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was incorporated in the medium. Incorporation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) did not improve response, rather promoted callusing. Adventitious shoot buds could be multiplied and elongated on MS medium containing 2.22 μM BAP. Rooting of shoots (80 %) was obtained when their bases were dipped in pre-autoclaved indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) solution (2.45 mM) for 10 min followed by their implantation on medium containing 1/4 MS salts, 1.0 % sucrose and 0.6 % agar. Out of 500 plantlets subjected to hardening, 410 were successfully hardened under greenhouse conditions. Twenty plants were established in field while remaining of them were transferred to nursery conditions without any mortality.