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1.
作物节木代料香菇与纯木屑代料香菇蛋白质营养比较研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
夏敏  王丽 《菌物学报》2005,24(3):436-440
采用国际通用的蛋白质营养评价方法,对2种作物节木代料和纯木屑代料(CK)香菇子实体蛋白质的营养价值进行了比较研究。结果表明,2种作物节木代料香菇子实体蛋白质的NI指标低于纯木屑代料香菇,而CS、AAS、EAAI、BV、SRCAA等指标均高于纯木屑代料香菇。结论:作物节木代料香菇子实体和纯木屑代料香菇子实体蛋白质均具有较高营养价值,且二者之间无显著差异。  相似文献   

2.
采用国际上通用的非生物评价方法,研究了不同剂量60Coγ辐射对秀珍菇子实体蛋白质营养价值的影响,以期为秀珍菇辐射育种研究提供科学依据.结果表明:在相同培养料以辐射剂量为1.00处理的栽培的秀珍菇子实体蛋白质营养价值评价的六项指标中氨基酸评分、化学评分、必需氨基酸指数、氨基酸比值系数分和生物价分别为74.3、58.5、78.3、66.9和73.6,均居5种剂量处理之首,营养指数为25.8,均居第2位.综合评价的结果显示,以辐射剂鼍为1.00 kGy处理的相同培养料栽培秀珍菇子实体其蛋白质营养价值最高.  相似文献   

3.
对引种成功的4种金福菇菌株(DC、XY、JK、TW)子实体的氨基酸组成及蛋白质含量进行测定,并应用氨基酸比值系数法和模糊识别法对其营养价值进行全面评价。结果表明,4种金福菇菌株子实体的第一限制氨基酸均为赖氨酸,必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值接近或超过了联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)/世界卫生组织(WHO)提出的理想蛋白质的标准,与鸡蛋蛋白的贴近度μ基本在0.9以上;菌盖的总氨基酸含量和蛋白质含量均高于菌柄的,XY、JK和TW3个菌株的菌盖总氨基酸分和氨基酸比值系数分均比菌柄的高,而各菌株菌柄的必需氨基酸指数和生物价均高于菌盖的。综合分析表明,除TW菌株因蛋白质含量较低而导致其营养指数较低之外,其余3种金福菇的蛋白质营养价值没有明显的区别,金福菇子实体是一种优质的蛋白质资源。  相似文献   

4.
采用国际上通用的营养评价方法,对绣球菌[Sparassis crispa(Wulf.)Fr.]子实体进行了蛋白质营养价值评价。结果为绣球菌子实体的粗蛋白质含量为12.9%,氨基酸总量为9.33%,其中必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的33.9%。绣球菌的赖氨酸为第一限制氨基酸,苏氨酸相对过剩。绣球菌子实体蛋白质的化学评分(CS)、氨基酸评价(AAS)、必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)、生物价(BV)、营养指数(NI)和氨基酸比值系数分(SRCAA)分别为80.9,87.3,78.3,73.6,10.1和87.9。绣球菌的营养价值高于松口蘑(Tricholoma matsutake)和茶树菇(A-grocybe aegerita)。因此,绣球菌子实体是良好的菌类蛋白源。  相似文献   

5.
黄伞深层发酵菌丝体与子实体蛋白质的营养评价   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用国际上通用的营养价值评价方法,全面评价了黄伞深层发酵菌丝体与子实体蛋白质的营养价值。黄伞深层发酵菌丝体蛋白质的氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)、必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)、生物价(BV)、营养指数(NI)和氨基酸比值系数分(SRCAA)分别为82.86、54.96、92.73、89.38、35.42和87.24,均高于子实体。这说明黄伞深层发酵菌丝体是良好的蛋白源。  相似文献   

6.
五种食用菌氨基酸含量的测定及营养评价   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
研究测定了五种食用菌中氨基酸的含量,并利用五种非生物学指标对蛋白质的营养价值进行评价。五种食用菌氨基酸种类齐全,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的百分比分别达到45.94%、37.62%、42.45%、41.54%、35.98%。茶树菇和姬松茸的限制性氨基酸为半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸,鸡腿菇、香菇和黑木耳的限制性氨基酸是缬氨酸。不同的评价指标对蛋白质进行营养评价,评价结果会有所差异。  相似文献   

7.
食用菌的营养价值主要决定于蛋白质含量、氨基酸组成、维生素量。本文报道香菇子实体在生长发育中蛋白质含量和蛋白酶活力的变化,并探讨影响蛋白质变化的因素。  相似文献   

8.
双孢蘑菇菇脚氨基酸含量的测定及营养评价   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
测定了双孢蘑菇菇脚中蛋白质和氨基酸的含量,应用模糊识别法和氨基酸比值系数法,以鸡蛋蛋白为标准蛋白,以WHO/FAO的必需氨基酸参考模式为评价标准,对双孢蘑菇菇脚的蛋白质营养价值进行了全面评价,并与双孢蘑菇子实体的蛋白质进行比较.结果表明:双孢蘑菇菇脚蛋白质中总氨基酸含量为73.16%,氨基酸种类齐全,必需氨基酸含量占氨...  相似文献   

9.
裂褶菌培养、鉴定及氨基酸组成分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:获得裂褶菌的纯培养物,鉴定培养菌丝,并分析子实体及菌丝氨基酸含量.方法:利用孢子分离法、组织分离法培养菌丝,扫描电镜观测其菌丝特征,结合ITS区序列分析,并利用出菇试验分析其菌丝体,全自动氨基酸分析仪分别测定裂褶菌子实体、菌丝体氨基酸组成.结果: 菌丝体ITS区序列与子实体完全一致,出菇试验亦表明裂褶菌菌丝体培养成功,子实体及菌丝体均含有丰富的氨基酸成分,两者氨基酸种类及含量相当,菌丝体总氨基酸含量14.01%,子实体总氨基酸含量15.59%,其中菌丝体必需氨基酸的含量(38.60%)比子实体稍高(37.95%).结论:裂褶菌菌丝亦具有丰富的营养价值,可作为重要的氨基酸来源及功能性食品.  相似文献   

10.
香菇蛋白质氨基酸的分析   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
白岚 《菌物研究》2006,4(2):21-24
分析结果表明,香菇的菌柄与菌盖中蛋白质氨基酸均为18种,缺少谷氨酰胺(Gln)和天冬酰胺(Asn),其中,含量最高的是谷氨酸(菌柄为11.03 mg/gDW,菌盖为12.57 mg/gDW)。菌盖与菌柄均含必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸10种,其中精氨酸含量(菌柄为10.73 mg/gDW,菌盖为11.84 mg/gDW)。必需氨基酸的含量十分接近于非必需氨基酸的含量(比率为1.00∶1.04),无论总氨基酸含量还是必需氨基酸含量,菌盖中的皆略高于菌柄中的。  相似文献   

11.
Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler is found in nature on dead broadleaf trees, but it is commercially produced on different substrates. The question of adaptation to different lignocellulosic substrates was addressed by measuring enzyme activities produced by six strains that were cultivated on wheat straw and that were able to produce sporophores. Despite quantitative variations, each strain of L. edodes had similar patterns of enzyme secretion into the wheat straw log matrix. Two peaks of carbohydrase activities were observed, the first relating to the early mycelial growth during the first days after spawning and the second during sporophore extension. Laccase activity in the early stage of colonization was related to the degradation of soluble phenolic compounds present in wheat straw. Manganese peroxidase activity was associated with mycelia th. The strains with the earlier production and higher yield were able to hydrolyse and utilize straw cell wall components soon aft er inoculation, and developed high metabolic activities.  相似文献   

12.
Mycelial growth rates are presented for 11 strains of Lentinula edodes and six strains of Lentinula boryana cultivated on solid media: derived from malt extract (MEA); malt yeast extract (YMEA); and, YMEA plus soluble lignin derivatives (YMEA+WSLD). The results were compared with data for mycelial growth rates, of the same strains cultivated on substrates derived from wheat straw treated at different temperatures (50, 65, 75 and autoclaving at 121 degrees C). In general, the addition of WSLD significantly reduced mycelial growth rates in both species. The greatest mycelial growth rate was obtained on sterilized straw at 121 degrees C for the majority of strains. However, this growth was not significantly different from that obtained at 75 degrees C. L. edodes showed greater growth rates than L. boryana. The feasibility of using estimates of mycelial growth rate on YMEA and YMEA+WSLD are discussed as possible indicators of a strain's potential for mycelial growth on substrates derived from wheat straw.  相似文献   

13.
用提取金丝桃素后的贯叶金丝桃残渣和锯木屑作培养基分别栽培香菇 ,比较了由两种培养基栽培香菇的生物学效率、香菇的可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活力。结果表明 :用贯叶金丝桃残渣栽培的香菇有较高的生物学效率、其香菇可溶性蛋白含量和SOD活力亦高 ,说明贯叶金丝桃残渣适合栽培香菇 ,为栽培香菇开发了一种新的生物资源。  相似文献   

14.
Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler was cultivated in sterilized or pasteurized wheat straw both with and without inoculation with Trichoderma sp. Enhancements of -mannosidase and laccase activities and lowering of Mn-dependent peroxidase activity were observed seven days after inoculation in substrates inoculated with Trichoderma sp. These enzymes were not produced by Trichoderma sp. Most of the polysaccharidase activities were higher in substrates with Trichoderma sp. than in absence of Trichoderma sp. The area of the substrate contaminated with T. harzianum significantly correlated with cellulase, laccase and Mn-dependent peroxidase activities measured in the substrate. The increase of cellulase activity was due to enzymes produced by Trichoderma sp. and the decrease of Mn-dependent peroxidase activity was due to diminished growth of L. edodes. The stimulation of laccase activity was linked with the formation of brown lines (oxidation of polyphenols) at the contact between the mycelia of the two antagonists.  相似文献   

15.
我国香菇人工栽培历史悠久;在今天纯种人工栽培同样是食用菌生产的主要方向。经查上海栽培香菇“菌种”内生长不正常的菌丝体制剂中有直径为20nm,长度多为100—200nm的类似棒状病毒颗粒。在接种后14—20天,生长缓慢的菌丝体中有直径为28、36、40nm三种不同大小的类似球状病毒颗粒,未见棒状颗粒。在香菇子实体的制剂中同样见到与菌丝体中一样的球状颗粒以及大小为15—16nm×100—300nm的较细的棒状颗粒。病香菇菌褶超薄切片中显示棒状颗粒结晶及球状颗粒的聚集;在液泡中有直径为15—16nm的棒状颗粒。  相似文献   

16.
Lentinula edodes, commonly called shiitake, is considered a choice edible mushroom with exotic taste and medicinal quality. L. edodes grows very well and produces a range of enzymes when cultivated on eucalyptus residues. Development of appropriate experimental procedures for recovery and determination of enzymes became a widely important cash crop. In this work, enzymes produced by L. edodes were extracted using different pH buffer and determined regarding peroxidases and proteases. Lignin peroxidase (LiP) was not detected in the extracts based on veratryl alcohol or azure B oxidation. Proteases were very low while Mn-peroxidases (MnP) predominated. The optimal pH for MnP recovery was 5.0, under agitation at 25 degrees C. The oxidation of phenol red decreased after dark-colored small compounds or ions were eliminated by dialysis. The extract of L. edodes contained components of high molecular weight, such as proteases or high polyphenol, that could be involved in the LiP inactivation. L. edodes sample previously submitted to dialysis was also joined to LiP of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and a total inhibition of LiP was observed.  相似文献   

17.
To validate strain typing by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis in Lentinula edodes cultivars, 17 Chinese L. edodes strains including 15 cultivated strains cultivated on a large scale and two wild strains were analyzed with the ISSR technique. With the use of two ISSR primers, a total of 32 DNA products were detected, of which, 31 DNA products (96.9% of the detected products) were polymorphic between two or more strains. The profiles of those two primers could be employed to differentiate all of the tested strains. A cluster analysis based on ISSR data revealed that the 17 strains could be classified into two distinct groups. One group consisted of eight strains in which the cultivated strains were H (high-temperature)-type or B (broad-temperature)-type, and the other group comprised cultivated strains that were of the L (low-temperature)-type or M (medium-temperature)-type. In contrast to the two wild strains, the genetic diversity of 15 cultivated strains was very rich based on a similarity coefficient analysis.  相似文献   

18.
Although Lentinula edodes is the second most important cultivated mushroom worldwide, most industrially cultivated strains have been identified only through traditional phenotypic analysis. Here, we report for the first time the use of sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers for strain differentiation. SCAR markers were created by first generating and sequencing single intersimple sequence repeats fragments, and then designing primers based on these sequences to amplify strain-specific fragments of a certain size. One SCAR primer pair, ISL450F/R7 (amplifying a band of c. 450 bp), was designed to identify one strain of L. edodes (strain No. 7). The SCAR primer pair was then used to correctly amplify the single unique fragment from DNA samples taken from a total of 85 strains representing three separate species. Our data provide the foundation for a precise and rapid PCR-based strain-diagnostic system for L. edodes.  相似文献   

19.
不同栽培料培育的茶薪菇氨基酸含量比较研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
木屑栽培茶薪菇和稻草培茶薪菇均含有 18种氨基酸 ,前者氨基酸总量为 18.35 % ,其中必须氨基酸质量分数为 8.14% ,鲜味氨基酸质量分数为 5 .88% ;后者氨基酸总量为 2 0 .2 1% ,其中必须氨基酸质量分数为 8.96 % ,鲜味氨基酸质量分数为 6 .37%。提示稻草栽培茶薪菇的氨基酸营养价值优于木屑栽培茶薪菇  相似文献   

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