The single nucleotide polymorphisms of the chicken myostatin gene are associated with skeletal muscle and adipose growth

Myostatin, a new member of the TGF-p superfamily, is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle cells and functions as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth in animals. Recently, we have reported three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the chicken my-ostatin gene. Herein, we investigate the association of those SNPs with the production traits in a F2 chicken line derived from Broilers crossing to Silky with the least square analysis. The results show that the BB and AA genotypes are strongly associated with abdominal fat weight (AFW), abdominal fat percentage (AFP), and birth weight (BW) (P < 0.05). Breast muscle percentage (BMP) of the AA type is higher than that of the AB type. The breast muscle weight and breast muscle percentages of F2 individuals have significant difference between CC and DD genotypes (P< 0.05). Breast muscle weight (BMW) of EF birds is higher than that of EE birds (P< 0.05). In this report, we present the first genetic evidence to show that chicken myostatin not o     

Comparative analysis of the pig BAC sequence involved in the regulation of myostatin gene

Myostatin (GDF-8, MSTN) is a member of trans- forming growth factors (TGF-β) superfamily, which was first described by McPherron et al. in 1997[1]. Myostatin appears to act as a negative regulator of muscle development and controls not only fibre size but also fibre number[2,3]. Mutations in the third exon of the myostatin gene have been shown to cause dou- ble muscling in cattle[4]. By knocking out the gene of myostatin in mice, they were able to show that the transgenic mice developed …     

野猪及其与家猪杂种猪Myostatin基因3''编码区的克隆和序列分析

Myostatin, which is a highly conservative gene among breeds, is a negative regulator of muscle. The 3' coding region of wild boar and crossbred pig myostatin was cloned by RT - PCR and sequenced. Compared with that of GenBank, the homology of the nucleotide sequence between wild bear and crossbred pig is identical in this region indicating that domestic pigs were evolved from wild boar and there was not changed in this region during the evolution processes.     

Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor results in the decrease of myostatin mRNA in murine C2C12 myoblasts

During the development and regeneration of skeletal muscle,many growth factors,such asbasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF,FGF-2) and myostatin,have been shown to play regulating roles.bFGF contributes to promote proliferation and to inhibit differentiation of skeletal muscle,whereas myostatinplays a series of contrasting roles.In order to elucidate whether the expression of bFGF has any relationshipwith the expression of myostatin in skeletal muscle cells,we constructed a eukaryotic expression vector forthe expression of exogenous bFGF in murine C2C12 myoblasts.Quantitative RT-PCR assays indicated thatwith the increase of the expression of exogenous bFGF gene,the expression of endogenous myostatin genewas suppressed at mRNA level and protein level.     

High expression of human clotting factor IX cDNA in myoblasts C2C12 cells and C3H mice

Mouse myoblast C2C12 cell was used as target cell for gene transfer study of human clotting factor IX (hFIX) cDNA. In addition to the previously constructed retroviral vectors XLIX, LNCIX and GINaCIX, GlNaMCIX with hFIX driven by muscle creatine kinase (MCK) enhancer and human cytomegalovirus (CMV) was constructed, based on the retroviral vector GINa. These four retroviral vectors were used to transduce mouse my-oblasts C2C12. With ELISA assays, it has been found that the expression levels of human clotting factor IX detected in those transduced C2C12 cells are GlNaMCIX>GlNaCIX> LNCIX>XLIX. Mixed colonal cells transduced with GlNaMCIX expressed hFIX protein at the level of 640 ng/106 cell every 24 h. The modified C2C12 cells transduced with GlNaMCIX were implanted into skeletal muscle of the hindlegs of C3H mice; a stable expression of hFIX was detected and lasted for 35 d, with a maximum level of 206 ng/mL plasma. The regulation of hFIX cDNA expression in myoblasts was discussed and it was strongly sug     

Defective maintenance of intracellular Ca^2＋ homeostasis is linked to increasedmuscle fatigability in the MG29 null mice

Mitsugumin 29 (MG29) is a transmembrane protein that is normally found in the triad junction of skeletal muscle. Our previous studies have shown that targeted deletion of rag29 from the skeletal muscle resulted in abnormality of the triad junction structure, and also increased susceptibility to muscle fatigue. To elucidate the basis of these effects, we investigated the properties of Ca^2 uptake and -release in toxin-skinned Extensor Digitorium Longus (EDL) muscle fibers from control and rag29 knockout mice. Compared with the control muscle, submaximal Ca^2 uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was slower and the storage of Ca^2 inside the SR was less in the mutant muscle, due to increased leakage process of Ca^2 movement across the SR. The leakage pathway is associated with the increased sensitivity of Ca^2 /caffeine -induced Ca^2 release to myoplasmic Ca^2 . Therefore, the increased fatigability of mutant EDL muscles can result from a combination of a slowing of Ca^2 uptake, modification of Ca^2 -induced Ca^2 release (CICR), and a reduction in total SR Ca^2 content.     

线粒体DNA缺失与神经肌肉性疾病的研究

应用PCR技术对13例神经肌肉疾病患者的线粒体DNA缺失进行了研究。结果表明,其中二例肢带型肌营养不良症患者骨骼肌组织和一例帕金森氏病患者的血细胞线粒体DNA中存在至少526bp的缺失。提示线粒体突变在一些神经肌肉性疾病的发生中起一定的作用。 Abstract: Using PCR technique,we analysed the skeletal muscle and blood of 13 patients with neuromuscular disaeases.The results show that a mutant mitochondrial DNA with at least 526bp deletion exits in the skeletal muscles of 2 patients with Erb muscular dystrophy and in the blood of a patients with Parkinson’s disease.From our results,mitochondrial DNA mutations could be an important contributory factor to neuromuscular diseases.