中国两种狭胸天牛类幼虫的描述（鞘翅目：天牛总科）

天牛类的幼虫特征,已成为天牛总科探讨演化和分类系统的重要手段,狭胸天牛类由于长期以来未找到幼虫,其地位不能确定,影响到整个天牛科和天牛总科的演化和分类系统的研究存在一个缺口。近年在中国广西和西藏发现了松狭胸天牛ＰｈｉｌｕｓａｎｔｅｎｎａｔｕｓＧｙｌｌｅｎｈａｌ和细点音天牛ＨｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｉｌｕｓｐｕｎｃｔｕｌａｔｕｓＣｈｉａｎｇｅｔＣｈｅｎ的幼虫,前者王缉健（１９８９）和尹新明（１９９４）曾有简短报道。本文对这两种幼虫的形态作了详细描述,以供与近缘类群作比较研究。     

天牛科高级阶元分类研究进展

从比较形态学 ,特别是外生殖器形态研究和生物地理学等诸方面对天牛科高级阶元的分类研究进行了综述 ,并据此总结了当今关于天牛科高级阶元分类的几个观点 ,得出了以下几点结论 :( 1 )天牛科包括 :锯天牛、异天牛、幽天牛、椎天牛、锯花天牛、膜花天牛、花天牛、天牛、沟胫天牛共 9个亚科 ;( 2 )瘦天牛亚科 (Disteniinae)提升为瘦天牛科 (Disteniidae) ;( 3 )狭胸天牛、裸天牛、暗天牛和盾天牛 4个类群的分类位置还有待确定 ;( 4 )也正因为上述 4个类群的分类地位尚未确定 ,因而天牛总科的提法和天牛总科下分几个科的问题尚待进一步的讨论     

狭胸天牛成虫和幼虫的消化道研究

研究了狭胸天牛成虫和幼虫消化道形态。成虫消化道细长,嗉囊长囊状,中肠前段具极少的稀疏瘤状小突起。幼虫消化道相当长,前肠细短,中肠很长,前中肠粗短而膨大,中肠表面无小盲囊。     

狭胸天牛类雄性外生殖嚣分类研究——附一新种

该文就狭胸天牛类3属6种雄性外生殖器的形态结构,比较研究其系统发育及其归属,并记录太谷芫天牛Mantitheus tazguensts sp. nov.一新种和重新描述细点音天牛的雄性外生殖器。狭胸天牛类属较原始的类群,祖征为中茎突中央加厚,边缘极薄;阳基侧突基部还保留着一条横裂。狭胸天牛属与音天牛属和芫天牛属关系较密切,应为姊妹群,狭胸天牛属较始,其衍征为中茎突较长的分开,内囊具基骨片、骨化细长管和大小较一致骨化微刺。音天牛属和芫天牛属为姊妹群,芫天牛较原始,音天牛较进化,其衍征为阳基侧突背面因基部裂缝消失而完全合并,骨化细长管较细;外部形态表现为触角较短,较圆;中胸发音器中央无缝;而芫天牛内囊基骨片明显易见。     

四种筒天牛幼虫和蛹记要(鞘翅目:天牛科)

筒天牛属沟胫天牛亚科Lamiinae、楔天牛族Saperdini,为害多种植物。现将吉安樟筒天牛Oberea fusciventris Fairmaire、忍冬筒天牛O.incompleta Fairmaire构树筒天牛O.rufotestasea Pic和暗翅筒天牛O.fuscipennis(Chevrolat)幼虫和蛹的形态、生物学习性记述如下,本文长度单位均为mm。     

中国天牛总科综合分类研究进展

我国天牛总科昆虫分类从起步、发展到综合分类理论体系的建立,取得了很大的进展。解放４０多年来,除发现和建立了大量新的分类单元外,还在天牛科分类方法和起源理论、天牛科生物地理学、天牛科综合分类理论及方法等多方面进行了广泛深入的研究,取得了很多重要成果,现将其进展总结如下。１分类研究的主要发展阶段１．１初始期（１９４９年以前）我国天牛科昆虫的分类初始主要由少数西方学者如Ｂｒｅｕｎｉｇ、Ｐｉｃ、Ｆａｉｒｍａｉｒｅ、Ｇｒｅｓｓｉｔｔ等进行,１９３６年胡经甫先生在《中国昆虫名录》中记录了６９７种天牛,其中６…     

中国长颊花天牛属及新种记述：（鞘翅目：天牛科）

天牛科,花天牛亚科Lepturinae、花天牛族Lepturini的长颊花天牛属Gnathostrang alia是由Hayashi于1985年建立的,并将条胸长颊花天牛Lepturabilineatithorax Pic,黑条长颊花天牛Strangalia rufovittata Pic,天目山长颊花天牛Strangalia tienmushana Gressitt,黑尾长颊花天牛Strangalia aurivillei Pic以及横条长颊花天牛Strangalia longiceps Aurivillus等5个种移入此属,其中,分布在越南的有3种,加里曼丹1种,中国浙江天目山1种。该属与长尾花天牛属Pygostrangalia很近似,但头前部更长,前胸背板较宽,后侧角较发达,鞘翅基部较宽,向中部收狭,端半部外侧缘较直。本文记述了在广西龙胜和四川重庆江津四面山发现的两个新种。     

基于核糖体DNA联合序列的天牛总科高阶元分子系统学研究

【目的】利用核糖体DNA联合序列探讨天牛总科高阶元分子系统发育。【方法】本研究采用分子标记技术,分析测定了63种天牛核糖体28S rDNA D2和D3区以及18S rDNA V4和V7区的DNA序列,并采用邻接法、最大似然法和贝叶斯推论法分别构建了天牛总科2科6亚科63种的分子进化系统。【结果】序列联合比对分析,最终得到1 404 bp的联合数据组,其中可变位点446个（32.0%）,保守位点958（68.0%）,转换/颠换的平均值（R值）为1.73。28S rDNA和18S rDNA以及联合序列的饱和度分析显示碱基突变未达到饱和,说明这些序列适合于分子进化树的构建。利用不同系统发育重建方法得到进化树具有相似拓扑结构,结果支持沟胫天牛亚科、花天牛亚科和天牛亚科为单系群,这与形态学分类结果相似;狭胸天牛独立成为亚科得到了支持。【结论】利用28S rDNA D2和D3区以及18S rDNA V4和V7区联合序列成功构建出了天牛总科高阶元的系统发育树。研究表明联合序列分析是探讨天牛高阶元分类的有效的方法。     

中国脊筒天牛属分类研究(鞘翅目:天牛科)

系统整理了中国脊筒天牛属失一部种类,共31种,给出了所有种类的分类检索表,记述了新种暗背脊筒天牛Nupserha fuscodorsalis Wang et Chiang,sp nov。及2中国新纪录种三斑脊筒天牛Nupserha multimaculata Pic和黑肩脊筒天牛Nupserha nigrohumeralis Pic,新种正模保存于西南农业大学昆虫标本馆,副模共5号存于南开大学生物系标本室。     

中国沟胫天牛亚科一新属及一新种（鞘翅目：天牛科）

本文记述天牛科沟胫天牛亚科１新属，球胸天牛属Ｇｉｂｂｏｈａｍｍｕｓｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．和１新种：缩颈球胸天牛Ｇｉｂｂｏｈａｍｍｕｓｓｔｒｉｃｔｉｃｏｌｌｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Similar aerosol emission rates and viral loads in upper respiratory tracts for COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variant infection

Highlights
1 Aerosol emission rates of Delta or Omicron patients were similar.
2 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of Alpha, Delta and Omicron patients were similar.
3 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of vaccinated or unvaccinated Delta patients had no difference.     

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

Highlights
1) A comprehensive evaluation method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs was established based on RT-qPCR, TCID₅₀ method, and immunofluorescence.
2) A significant antiviral effect of rHuIFN-α1b was shown with EC₅₀=0.12 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=0.52 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells, which was better than rHuIFN-α2b (EC₅₀=0.25 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=2.48 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells).
3) rHuIFN-α1b has a good potential in the application of anti-COVID-19 therapy.