紫苏腺毛的形态发生研究

紫苏叶上有两种腺毛:盾状腺毛和头状腺毛。两者都具1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和头部。前者的头部可由1、2、4或8个分泌细胞组成,扩展成盾状;后者的头部由1、2或4个分泌细胞组成,聚成圆球状。两种腺毛的原始细胞都来源于原表皮细胞,经两次平周分裂产生基细胞、柄细胞和顶细胞。在腺毛后期的形态发生中,柄细胞的分化状态决定腺毛的类型。若柄细胞保持扁平状且处于分生状态时,其顶细胞将发育成盾状腺毛的头部;若柄细胞纵向引长并迅速液泡化时,其顶细胞将发育成头状腺毛的头部。     

野薄荷叶腺毛的发育形态学研究

研究了分布于我国东北部的野薄荷叶表面腺毛的结构和发育。主要腺毛有两种：多细胞盾状腺毛和弯曲单细胞头状腺毛。多细胞盾状腺毛由１个基细胞,１个柄细胞和一个由８－１２个分泌细胞构成的头部组成。单细胞头状腺毛由１个基细胞,１个柄细胞和一个分泌细胞头部构成。     

紫苏腺毛的形态结构和发育的研究

紫苏（Perillafrutescens（L．）Britton）叶上腺毛的研究表明：叶上腺毛主要有两种类型,一是头状腺毛,二是后状腺毛。两类腺毛都是由1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和由分泌细胞组成的头部构成。头状腺毛的头部由1个、2个或4个分泌细胞构成,其头部呈圆球形或半圆球形。盾状腺毛的头部也由1个、2个、4个或8个分泌细胞构成,其分泌细胞横向扩展使头部呈盾状。分泌盛期,大量分泌物充满角质层下间隙。两类腺毛的原始细胞均起源于叶原基或幼叶的原表皮层细胞,它通过两次平周分裂形成1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和1个头细胞,头细胞不分裂或依次进行1—3次垂周分裂,分别形成单细胞、2细胞、4细胞或8细胞的头部。     

羽叶薰衣草表皮毛的发育解剖学研究

对羽叶薰衣草(LavandulapinnataL.)茎和叶上两种表皮毛(腺毛和非腺毛)发育的解剖学观察表明,两者的发生都源于茎或叶的原表皮细胞,但外部形态、发育过程及功能明显不同。腺毛有头状腺毛和盾状腺毛两种类型,均由1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和头部细胞构成。头状腺毛的头部只有1个或2个分泌细胞,盾状腺毛由8个分泌细胞构成头部。非腺毛由3-20个细胞组成,可分为三种类型:单列不分枝、二叉分枝和三叉及三叉以上多分枝的树状分枝。非腺毛的顶部细胞由基部到顶部逐渐变细,先端成尖形。腺毛发育由原表皮细胞经两次平周分裂形成,由于柄细胞和头部细胞所处的分化状态不同而发育成两类腺毛。非腺毛由非腺毛原始细胞经二次或多次平周分裂和不均等分裂,再发育成数个至二十多个子细胞。     

火炬树腺毛的形态结构和发育的研究

研究了火炬树（RhustyphinaTorner．）叶柄腺毛的形态结构和发育过程,结果表明,其腺毛起源于叶柄的表皮细胞,每个腺毛都由1个基细胞、3个柄细胞和分泌细胞组成的头部3部分组成。     

线纹香茶菜叶上腺毛发育的细胞学研究

为进行中药溪黄草基原植物的品种鉴定,采用光镜和电镜对线纹香茶菜(原变种)[Isodon lophanthoides var.lophanthoides]叶上腺毛的发育进行细胞学研究。结果表明,线纹香茶菜具有头状腺毛和盾状腺毛2种类型。头状腺毛无色透明,由1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和1或2个头部分泌细胞构成;盾状腺毛为红色,由1或2个基细胞、1个柄细胞和4~8个分泌细胞构成头部。2种腺毛均由原表皮细胞经两次平周分裂形成,后因柄细胞和头部细胞所处的分化状态不同而形成两类腺毛。2种腺毛超微结构表明,质体、高尔基体和粗面内质网为主要分泌物产生和运输的细胞器。当盾状腺毛成熟时,角质层下间隙充满了分泌物,其分泌物的性质很可能决定了线纹香茶菜腺毛的颜色。     

冬凌草腺毛的形态学及组织化学研究

利用光学显微镜对药用植物冬凌草地上部分腺毛的形态、分布和组织化学进行了研究。结果表明:(1)冬凌草的叶表皮有3种形态显著不同的毛,即非腺毛、盾状腺毛和头状腺毛;盾状腺毛和头状腺毛均具1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和头部;成熟的盾状腺毛的头部一般由4个分泌细胞组成,而头状腺毛头部由2个分泌细胞组成。(2)组织化学鉴定结果显示:2种腺毛中均含有黄酮类成分,盾状腺毛中还含有单萜、倍半萜等萜类成分;冬凌草甲素可能只存在于盾状腺毛中,但需要更直接的证据证明。研究认为,高密度的盾状腺毛可以作为筛选冬凌草高甲素含量品种的一项重要依据。     

翅果油树叶表皮毛发育的研究

利用扫描电镜和光学显微镜,对国家二级保护植物翅果油树(Elaeagnus mollis Diels)叶表皮毛的结构及发育,进行了详细的观察。翅果油树叶表皮毛有两种类型：分枝状表皮毛和盾状表皮毛,两者都是由头部和柄部组成。两类表皮毛的原始细胞均起源于叶原基或幼叶的原表皮细胞,经过两次垂周分裂形成四细胞。在发育后期,四细胞的分化状态决定表皮毛的类型。若四细胞平周分裂成上下八细胞,将发育成分枝状表皮毛的头部;若继续垂周分裂成同层八细胞,将发育成盾状表皮毛的头部。柄部的发育过程基本相同,都是由紧靠头部的表皮细胞和叶肉细胞发育而来。     

3种龙葵表皮毛类型及发育过程观察研究

通过观察发现龙葵（Ｓｏｌａｎｕｍ ｎｉｇｒｕｍ Ｌ．）、少花龙葵（Ｓ．ｐｈｏｔｅｉｎｏｃａｒｐｕｍ Ｎａｋａｍ,ｅｔＯ－ｄｓｈｉ）和黄果龙葵（Ｓ．ｎｉｇｕｍ Ｌ．ｖａｒ．ｓｕａｖｅｏｌｅｎｓ Ｇ．Ｌ．Ｇｕｏ）的表皮毛均为腺毛,主要有单细胞头腺毛和多细胞头腺毛２种。腺毛的原始细胞都来源于原表皮细胞,经２次平周分裂产生基细胞、柄细胞和顶端细胞、在腺毛后期的形态发生中,柄细胞和顶细胞的分裂状态决定腺毛的     

木香薷腺毛形态结构发生发育规律的研究

采用常规石蜡切片法及扫描电镜技术对木香薷(Elsholtzia stauntoni Benth)腺毛发生发育及其规律进行了研究。结果表明：木香薷表皮上主要有两种表皮毛：无分泌细胞的表皮毛与有分泌细胞的腺毛。前者包括单细胞乳头状毛、2~3细胞管状毛、分枝状毛及多细胞管状毛;后者包括头状腺毛与盾状腺毛。成熟头状腺毛头部由1、2或4个分泌细胞构成,头部呈圆球形或半圆球形;成熟盾状腺毛头部由8~12个分泌细胞构成,分泌细胞横向扩展形成盾状头部。木香薷腺毛主要在茎端幼叶处大量发生,从茎端第一对幼叶处开始产生;从幼叶期到成熟期均有腺毛发生,大部分腺毛在幼叶期发生发育,只有极少部分在叶的成熟期进行发生发育。     

Foliar secretory trichomes of Ocimum obovatum (Lamiaceae): micromorphological structure and histochemistry

This study characterises the micromorphology, ultrastructure and main chemical constituents of the foliar glandular trichomes of Ocimum obovatum using light and electron microscopy and a variety of histochemical tests. Two types of glandular trichomes occur on the leaves: large peltate and small capitate. The head of each peltate trichome is made up of four broad head cells in one layer. The head of each capitate trichome is composed of two broad head cells in one layer (type I) or a single oval head cell (type II, rare). In peltate heads, secretory materials are gradually transported to the subcuticular space via fracture in the four sutures at the connecting walls of the head cells. Release to the head periphery occurs through opposite fracture in the four sutures in the head cuticle. In type I capitate trichomes, release of the secretions to the subcuticular space occurs via a pore between the two head cells, and release to the head periphery occurs through the opposite pore in the head cuticle. In type II capitate trichomes, the secreted material is released from the head cell through a ruptured particular squared area at the central part of the head cuticle. These secretion modes are reported for the first time in the family Lamiaceae. Histochemical tests showed that the secretory materials in the glandular trichomes are mainly essential oils, lipophilic substances and polysaccharides. Large peltate trichomes contain a large quantity of these substances than the small capitate trichomes. Ultrastructural evidence suggests that the plastids produce numerous lipid droplets, and the numerous polysaccharide small vesicles are derived from Golgi bodies.     

Glandular Trichomes on Vegetative and Reproductive Organs of Leonotis leonurus (Lamiaceae)

The types of glandular trichomes, their ontogeny and patternof distribution on the vegetative and reproductive organs ofLeonotis leonurus at different stages of development, are studiedby light and scanning electron microscopy. Two morphologicallydistinct types of glandular trichomes (peltate and capitate)are described. Peltate trichomes, at the time of secretion,are characterized by a short stalk, which is connected witha large spherical head composed of eight cells in a single layer.Capitate trichomes can be divided into various types. Generally,they consist of a four-celled head supported by one or threestalk cells. The two kinds of trichomes differ in the secretionprocess. In the peltate trichomes, the secretory product seemsto remain accumulated in a subcuticular space, unless an externalfactor damages it. In the capitate trichomes, this product probablybecomes released through micropores. On the leaves peltate andcapitate trichomes are abundant, while on the flowers only thepeltate trichomes are numerous and the capitate are rare orabsent.Copyright 1995, 1999 Academic Press Leonotis leonurus R. Br., lion's ear, lion's tail, Lamiaceæ, glandular trichomes, morphology, ontogeny