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1.
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子能够促进多种神经细胞特别是多巴胺能神经元及运动神经元存活。胶质细胞源性神经营养因子的信号传递受体是RET受体酪氨酸激酶,受体α亚基是它与RET相互作用的媒介。胶质细胞源性神经营养因子生物学活性的发挥需要RET与受体α亚基同时存在。  相似文献   

2.
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)家族是一类结构上属于转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族的神经营养因子,目前包括GDNF,neurturin(NTN)和persephin(PSP)三种因子,它们在体内有着广泛的作用.近年来发现GDNF和NTN的受体均为多组分结构,由不同的糖基磷脂酰肌醇(GPI)蛋白和共享的跨膜酪氨酸激酶受体Ret蛋白构成.有关这一家族的因子及其受体的研究正在不断深入.  相似文献   

3.
为了获得重组胶质细胞源性神经营养因子受体α1(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha1, GFRα1)并研究其生物学活性,从新生4天的SD大鼠海马组织中提取总RNA,通过 RT-PCR方法,扩增出GFRα1 cDNA.将GFRα1 cDNA克隆至含T7启动子的质粒pET-28a(+)中,构建表达质粒pET-GFRα1,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),获得表达菌株BLGFRα1.表达菌株经1 mmol/L IPTG诱导3~5 h后,GFRα1蛋白表达,并形成包涵体.凝胶自动扫描分析表明,GFRα1表达量占全菌总蛋白的21.5%,用Ni2+-NTA树脂纯化和复性后,纯度达90%以上,复性的重组GFRα1蛋白可显著介导GDNF促PC12细胞的存活和分化作用.  相似文献   

4.
生化及GDNF家族相关基因工程动物模型的研究使GDNA家族在信号传导、功能及发育方面的作用更为清楚,Ret和GFRαs在GDNF家族信号传导中均必不可少,GFRαs是真正受体成分且有受体特异性,Ret单独不结合配体但调节配体和GFRαs间的作用,Ret激活后发生磷酸化并激活细胞内信号传导通路。  相似文献   

5.
阐述了胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)及其受体与精原干细胞增殖和分化的关系。GDNF能够促进未分化的精原细胞增长,并且可以调节精原干细胞自我更新与分化的微环境,参与其分化的第一步,是精原干细胞存活的重要营养因子。  相似文献   

6.
GDNF对多巴胺能神经元作用机制的研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Pan J  Chen SD 《生理科学进展》2006,37(3):247-251
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)是神经保护治疗帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)的一种神经营养因子,越来越多的在体和离体实验研究显示GDNF是中脑多巴胺(dopaminergic neuron,DA)能神经元的有效存活因子。GDNF受体是由结合在细胞质膜外的糖基化磷酯酰基(glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol,GPI)和GDNF功能性孤儿受体酪氨酸激酶Ret蛋白质组成。特异性的GDNF与其受体结合后,激活其胞内部分c-Ret,经由不同的第二信使来传递信号发挥作用。主要可能的机制有顺式作用和反式作用。而探索GDNF促进中脑黑质DA能神经元再生修复的可能机制,为进一步深入研究GDNF的作用机制提供科学依据。  相似文献   

7.
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子是19934上发现并克隆的神经营养因子,对巴金森氏病和运动神经元性疾病的治疗可能具有潜在的应用价值。本文对价值蛋白质的性质,基因结构,分布以及其在生理,病理情况下作用进行了简要的综述。  相似文献   

8.
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)是TGF-β超家族的一个相关成员。哺乳动物睾丸曲细精管内支持细胞分泌的GDNF,能促进精原干细胞(spermatogonial stem cells,SSCs)的自我更新与增殖。SSCs去分化诱导产生的多能干细胞已被广泛应用于再生医学领域,且SSCs在制作转基因动物、男性不育治疗和体外实施精子发生过程等方面,具有极大的应用价值。所以,GDNF引发SSCs自我更新的作用机理非常值得探索。通过对GDNF引发SSCs自我更新的信号通路进行系统梳理,我们发现了如下的作用过程:GDNF与GFR-α1特异性结合,活化Ret蛋白酪氨酸激酶,随后激活Ras/ERK1/2、PI3K-Akt和SFK信号通路,促进SSCs的自我更新;同时,在该过程中还存在信号通路间的交联对话现象。  相似文献   

9.
生长分化因子-15(growth differentiation factor-15,GDF-15)是转化生长因子超家族的成员之一。近年来有实验室及临床研究发现,生长分化因子-15在心肌缺血或缺血/再灌注损伤时可高表达,并减少心肌细胞坏死的数量,抑制缺血心肌细胞的凋亡。在心肌压力超负荷的情况下,生长分化因子-15高表达或给予外源性生长分化因子-15可抑制心肌肥厚及心脏扩大,保护心功能。而在临床研究中发现急性冠脉综合征的患者生长分化因子-15增高,与部分心血管的危险因素存在相关性,对患者的预后有提示作用。  相似文献   

10.
《生物学通报》2007,42(8):6-6
目前用于治疗帕金森氏症的药物只治疗症状.而不能阻止脑中多巴胺神经元的退化和死亡,从而引起与这种疾病有关的运动缺陷。用“胶质细胞源性神经营养因子”(GDNF)治疗能获得有限的成功,但却有安全方面的问题。Lindholm等人报告,他们发现并纯化了一种新的神经营养因子。被称为“保留型多巴胺神经营养因子”(CDNF),[第一段]  相似文献   

11.
    
《Cell metabolism》2023,35(2):274-286.e10
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12.
    
Growth differentiation factor 15 or macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (GDF15/MIC-1) is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and has a diverse pathophysiological roles in cancers, cardiometabolic disorders, and other diseases. GDF15 controls hematopoietic growth, energy homeostasis, adipose tissue metabolism, body growth, bone remodeling, and response to stress signals. The role of GDF15 in cancer development and progression is complicated and depends on the specific cancer type, stage, and tumor microenvironment. Recently, research on GDF15 and GDF15-associated signaling has accelerated due to the identification of the GDF15 receptor: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor α-like (GFRAL). Therapeutic interventions to target GDF15 and/or GFRAL revealed the mechanisms that drive its activity and might improve overall outcomes of patients with metabolic disorders and cancer. This review highlights the structure and functions of GDF15 and its receptor, emphasizing the pleiotropic role of GDF15 in obesity, tumorigenesis, metastasis, immunomodulation, and cachexia.  相似文献   

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Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. GDF15 has been linked with several metabolic syndrome pathologies such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases. GDF15 is considered to be a metabolic regulator, although its precise mechanisms of action remain to be determined. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha-like (GRAL), located in the hindbrain, has been identified as the receptor for GDF15 and signals through the coreceptor receptor tyrosine kinase (RET). Administration of GDF15 analogues in preclinical studies using various animal models has consistently been shown to induce weight loss through a reduction in food intake. GDF15, therefore, represents an attractive target to combat the current global obesity epidemic. In this article, we review current knowledge on GDF15 and its involvement in metabolic syndrome.  相似文献   

16.
    
Neural stem cells proliferate in vitro and form neurospheres in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF), and are capable of differentiating into both neurons and glia when exposed to a substrate. We hypothesize that specific neurotrophic factors induce differentiation of stem cells from different central nervous system (CNS) regions into particular fates. We investigated differentiation of stem cells from the postnatal mouse hippocampus in culture using the following trophic factors (20 ng/mL): brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Without trophic factors, 32% of stem cells differentiated into neurons by 4 days in vitro (DIV), decreasing to 10% by 14 DIV. Addition of BDNF (starting at either day 0 or day 3) significantly increased neuron survival (31–43% by 14 DIV) and differentiation. Morphologically, many well-differentiated neurons resembled hippocampal pyramidal neurons. 5′-Bromodeoxyuridine labeling demonstrated that the pyramidal-like neurons originated from stem cells which had proliferated in EGF-containing cultures. However, similar application of NT-3 and GDNF did not exert such a differentiating effect. Addition of BDNF to stem cells from the postnatal cerebellum, midbrain, and striatum did not induce these neuronal phenotypes, though similar application to cortical stem cells yielded pyramidal-like neurons. Thus, BDNF supports survival of hippocampal stem cell-derived neurons and also can induce differentiation of these cells into pyramidal-like neurons. The presence of pyramidal neurons in BDNF-treated hippocampal and cortical stem cell cultures, but not in striatal, cerebellar, and midbrain stem cell cultures, suggests that stem cells from different CNS regions differentiate into region-specific phenotypic neurons when stimulated with an appropriate neurotrophic factor. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Neurobiol 35: 395–425, 1998  相似文献   

17.
《Biomarkers》2013,18(8):671-676
Identification of individuals in the early stage of heart failure (HF) may allow earlier initiation of disease-modifying treatment. We evaluated concentrations of the growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15at different stages and its potential screening value in 208 subjects. Plasma GDF-15 was measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. GDF-15 was positively correlated with the stages of HF (r=0.804, p<0.001). In distinguishing patients with stage B HF, the area under the curve was 0.873 (p<0.001). These findings indicate that GDF-15 concentration was elevated with the progressing stages of HFand might have potential screening implications for stage B HF.  相似文献   

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19.
Heterotypy is now recognized as a generative force in the formationof new proteins through modification of existing proteins. Wereport that heterotypy in the N-terminal region of the maturegrowth/differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) protein occurred duringevolution of teleosts. N-terminal length variation of GDF5 wasfound among teleost interfamilies and interorders but not withinteleost families or among tetrapods. We further show that increaseof proline and glutamine to the N-terminal region of matureGDF5 occurred in Eurypterygii, the higher lineage of teleosts.Because the basic amino acids, believed to control diffusion,are conserved in this region across all species examined, wesuggest that the N-terminal elongation of the mature GDF5 proteinduring evolution has altered the protein diffusion in Eurypterygii,leading to high concentrations of the protein in the joint ofthe pharyngeal skeleton, the location of cartilage formationduring development.  相似文献   

20.
神经营养因子(NTFs)是近几年神经科学研究的热点,研究显示它在神经系统中发挥独特的作用,尤其是神经生长因子(NGF)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)在脑内功能及其表达调控方面具有重要作用。围绝经期妇女随着雌激素水平的降低会产生认知功能的减退,有研究发现去卵巢动物(OVX)雌激素水平降低可以导致某些NGF、BDNF的丢失。通过启动内源性NGF和BDNF的表达而实现对神经元的保护可能为雌激素替代治疗(ERT)脑保护作用的一种机制。本文就近几年的研究进展做一简要综述。  相似文献   

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