首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
目的:探究不同浓度右美托咪啶对小儿麻醉后肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白以及补体变化的影响。方法:收集我院下腹股沟斜疝、急性阑尾炎以及肠套叠手术患儿75例,根据治疗方法不同分为三组,每组25例,其中A组实施0.5μg/kg负荷剂量右美托咪啶治疗,B组实施0.25μg/kg负荷剂量右美托咪啶治疗,C组实施右美托咪啶0.2~0.7μg/kg/h持续泵入。对比三组患者苏醒情况、血清肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白、补体水平、镇定及躁动评分。结果:手术后,B组自主呼吸恢复时间、气管导管拔管时间、解除监护时间明显缩短,且与其他两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与A、C两组相比,B组手术后C反应蛋白及血清肌钙蛋白I水平较低,而C3及C4水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);B组镇静、躁动评分明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:0.25μg/kg负荷剂量右美托咪啶能够有效减轻患儿术后炎性反应,缓解麻醉后神经损伤,有助于脏器功能的恢复。  相似文献   

2.
目的探究右美托咪啶与芬太尼对七氟醚麻醉术后躁动的预防作用。方法选择我院自2014年1月-2015年12月需做外科手术的183例患者,将其随机分为A、B、C三组,每组61例,所有患者均行七氟醚诱导和维持麻醉。结果三组患者自主呼吸恢复时间、拔管时间相比无明显差异,P0.05;A组患者躁动发生率为8.2%(5/61),B组患者为16.39%(10/61),C组患者为63.93%(39/61),由此可知,组间对比,P0.05;A、B两组患者苏醒时间对比明显差异,P0.05;A、B、C三组患者离开麻醉后恢复室时间对比差异不明显,P0.05。结论采用七氟醚进行全身麻醉的患者,在手术结束前10min给予右美托咪啶与给予芬太尼相比,可将患者发生躁动的机率明显下降,明显将患者苏醒的时间缩短,因此可选择给予右美托咪啶来预防患者发生躁动。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨右美托咪啶复合芬太尼及七氟烷用于脑肿瘤手术的麻醉效果及对血流动力学的影响。方法:择期全麻下行脑肿瘤切除术患者40例,随机分为右美托咪啶组(D组)和丙泊酚组(P组)各20例。麻醉诱导前D组静脉输注右美托咪啶0.5μg/kg,P组给予同等容量的生理盐水,均15 min泵注完成。静脉注射咪唑安定、芬太尼、顺式阿曲库铵、依托咪酯行麻醉诱导。术中均用芬太尼、七氟烷、顺式阿曲库铵维持麻醉,D组持续静脉输注右美托咪啶0.2~1.0μg·kg-1·h-1,P组给予丙泊酚3~10 mg·kg-1·h-1,调整右美托咪啶及丙泊酚用量,使BIS值维持于40~50。于麻醉用药前(基础值)(T0)、麻醉诱导气管插管前(T1)、气管插管后(T2)、切开硬脑膜(T3)、取瘤(T4)、术毕(T5)、拔气管导管时(T6)记录心率(HR)、血压(SBP、DBP)。记录手术时间、输液量、出血量、苏醒时间、拔管时间及拔管后10 min警觉/镇静(OAA/S)评分。结果:与T0比较,D组T1、T3、T4时SBP、DBP明显降低(P0.05),HR明显减慢(P0.05),但仍接近正常值,P组T1时SBP、DBP明显降低(P0.05),HR明显减慢(P0.05),T2、T5、T6时SBP、DBP明显升高(P0.05),HR明显加快(P0.05)。与P组比较,T2~T6时D组SBP、DBP明显低于P组(P0.05),HR明显慢于P组(P0.05)。D组苏醒时间、拔管时间明显短于P组(P0.05),拔管后10min OAA/S评分显著高于P组(P0.05)。结论:右美托咪啶或丙泊酚复合芬太尼、七氟烷麻醉用于脑肿瘤手术均能够提供满意的麻醉效果,右美托咪啶能抑制气管插管、拔管等引起的血流动力学反应,术后苏醒快且苏醒质量高。  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨不同浓度右美托咪啶对小儿麻醉后血清肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白(CRP)及补体水平的影响。方法:选取我院收治的拟行手术的患儿60例,根据应用右美托咪定的浓度随机分为A、B、C三组,每组各20例。A、B组患儿予右美托咪啶0.5、0.25μg/kg的负荷剂量静脉推注给药10分钟,然后以0.2-0.7μg/kg/h的速度持续静脉微量泵入维持患者镇静状态,C组直接以右美托咪啶0.2-0.7μg/kg/h的速度持续泵入维持镇静状态。比较三组患儿麻醉术后的苏醒情况,麻醉前后不同时点血清肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白及补体水平的变化。结果:治疗前,三组患儿的各项指标比较均无统计学差异(P0.05);治疗后,与A、C两组比较,B组患者自主呼吸恢复时间、气管导管拔管时间、解除监护时间显著缩短(P0.05),术后24、72 h血清CRP水平更低,术后1、6、24 h血清肌钙蛋白I水平较低(P0.05),术后1、24、72 h血清补体水平较高(P0.05)。结论:0.25μg/kg浓度的右美托咪啶对于对小儿麻醉后血清肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白及补体水平的影响明显,且有助于患儿术后的苏醒。  相似文献   

5.
目的:研究丙泊酚联合右美托咪啶用于肺癌根治术患者中的镇痛效果及对应激反应的影响。方法:选取2014年8月至2016年7月本院收治的肺癌根治术患者78例,根据患者入院顺序分为观察组和对照组,39例每组。对照组采取咪达唑仑联合右美托咪啶进行麻醉,观察组采取丙泊酚联合右美托咪啶进行麻醉,两组均复合使用瑞芬太尼维持。比较两组患者镇痛效果、平均动脉压、心率、血糖、血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及白细胞总数(WBC)水平。结果:观察组患者在苏醒即刻、苏醒后10 min、苏醒后30 min的视觉模拟(VAS)评分显著低于对照组(P0.05),治疗后24小时血清IL-6、TNF-α、WBC、心率、平均动脉压、血糖水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05),血清白介素(IL-10)水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组和对照组的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:丙泊酚联合右美托咪啶用于肺癌根治术患者中具有较好的镇痛效果,并能有效抑制应激反应,安全性高。  相似文献   

6.
右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,Dex)是高选择性α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂,具有镇静、镇痛、抑制交感神经活性、无呼吸抑制等药理性质。多项研究证实:围术期或ICUs住院期间给予患者右美托咪定,可以增加患者机械通气耐受力,减少机械通气时间,改善患者病情恢复,减少呼吸抑制,稳定血流动力学,减少麻醉剂用量及降低麻醉剂不良反应发生率,抑制应激反应,保护肺脏、神经功能、心脏功能,降低谵妄发生率,抗寒颤等作用特点。虽然右美托咪定存在心动过缓及低血压等不良反应,故应控制给药速度、剂量,合理用药在以便循环波动可控范围内。目前,右美托咪定可用于重症监护病房(ICUs)、全身麻醉、区域麻醉、小儿麻醉、日间手术及无痛检查等辅助用药。本文主要对右美托咪定的临床麻醉应用做以下介绍。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探析右美托咪啶在老年患者下肢骨科手术麻醉中的应用及效果。方法:选择我院收治的80例行下肢手术的老年患者进行研究,分为观察组和对照组。对照组使用丙泊酚注射液进行麻醉,观察组采用盐酸右美托咪啶注射液进行麻醉,比较两组患者的镇静效果以及低血压发生率。结果:观察组患者用药5分钟、15分钟以及30分钟后的镇静状态均优于对照组(P0.05),60分钟时的镇静状态接近(P0.05)。此外,低血压发生率明显低于对照组,比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:右美托咪啶在老年下肢骨科手术患者麻醉中的应用具有更好的镇静效果,镇静深度高同时镇静时间短,麻醉安全性,效果显著,值得应用推广。  相似文献   

8.
目的:观察右美托咪啶用于预防经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)中寒战反应的效果.方法:60例ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级择期在腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉下行TURP的患者,随机均分为D组(右美托咪啶组)和C组(对照组).D组和C组于麻醉后5min分别静脉泵注右美托咪啶0.5 μg·kg-1和生理盐水(泵注时间为10 min).观察术中两组患者寒战发生情况及镇静情况.结果:D组有3例患者(10%)发生寒战,C组有14例患者(46.7%)发生寒战(P<0.05);寒战程度D组显著低于C组(P<0.05),术中D组所有患者和C组3例患者的Ramsay评分为3~4分(P<0.05).结论:静脉泵注0.5 μg·kg-1右美托咪啶能安全有效降低TURP术中患者寒战的发生率.  相似文献   

9.
李发成  李夏玄  王岩  王燕  于瑾 《生物磁学》2013,(25):4936-4939,4916
目的:分析纤维支气管镜检查术中丙泊酚联合右美托咪啶靶控静脉麻醉的效果,为临床麻醉提供参考。方法:选取73例行纤维支气管镜检查术的患者作为研究对象,按麻醉方式不同分为观察组38例(采用右美托咪啶联合丙泊酚麻醉)和对照组35例(单用丙泊酚麻醉)。观察分析各时点心率、呼吸次数、平均动脉压、血氧饱和度、镇静效果评分、苏醒时间以及不良反应发生率等指标。结果:Ramsay评分:对照组6分的例数为22例(62.9%),观察组为32(84.2%),差异有统计学意义;丙泊酚总用量:观察组为(334.5±54.6)mg,对照组为(463.2±60.5)mg,差异有统计学意义,医生满意度:观察组为92.1%,对照组为74.3%,差异有统计学意义。结论:丙泊酚联合右美托咪啶靶控静脉麻醉安全有效,效果显著,适合纤维支气管镜检查术。  相似文献   

10.
比较盐酸右美托咪定及丙泊酚用于全凭静脉麻醉乳腺癌根治术患者术中镇静作用及对围术期炎症因子的影响。选择择期行乳腺癌根治术患者60名,用随机数字表法分为两组:盐酸右美托咪定组(C组)和丙泊酚组(E组)(n=30),两组均采用全凭静脉麻醉(TIVA)。其中C组在麻醉中采用盐酸右美托咪啶静脉维持;E组在麻醉中采用丙泊酚静脉维持。记录患者术中镇静程度BIS监测评分、术中知晓率、术后呼吸抑制发生率(术后SPO_294%)、恶心呕吐发生率、寒战不适发生率和术后镇痛的满意率,分别比较麻醉诱导前10 min(T1)、术后30 min(T2)2时间点外周血中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP的变化情况。两组患者术中镇静程度BIS监测评分及术中知晓率无显著差异(p0.05),C组术后呼吸抑制发生率明显小于E组(p0.01),且恶心呕吐及寒战不适的发生率也显著低于E组患者(p0.05);同时,与E组相比,C组的术后镇痛满意率显著提高(p0.05)。两组患者T1时刻的TNF-α、CRP、IL-6水平比较,差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。组间比较,C组T2时刻TNF-α、CRP、IL-6水平低于E组,差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。盐酸右美托咪定较丙泊酚更适用于全凭静脉麻醉乳腺癌根治术的镇静,且有利于降低围术期应激反应,提高患者舒适度。  相似文献   

11.
BackgroundSocial anxiety is thought to be strongly related to maladaptive emotion regulation (ER). As social anxiety symptoms accumulate in families, we hypothesize that maladaptive ER is also more prevalent in families with anxious children. Thus, we analyze differences in emotion regulation of both child and mother in relation to social anxiety, as well as both their ER strategies in dealing with anxiety. Further, a positive relation between child and maternal ER strategies is assumed.MethodChildren (aged 9 to 13 years) with social, anxiety disorder (SAD; n = 25) and healthy controls (HC, n = 26) as well as their mothers completed several measures of social anxiety and trait ER strategies towards anxiety. As ER of children is still in development, age is considered as covariate.ResultsSAD children and their mothers reported more maladaptive ER strategies than HC dyads. Maternal maladaptive ER was related negatively to child adaptive ER which was further moderated by the child’s age.DiscussionMaladaptive ER strategies seem to contribute to the exacerbation of social anxiety in both mother and child. Mothers reporting maladaptive ER may have difficulties supporting their child in coping with social anxiety while simultaneously also experiencing heightened levels of anxiety. Deeper understanding of interactional processes between mothers and children during development can assist the comprehension of factors maintaining SAD. Implications for future research and possible consequences for interventions are discussed.  相似文献   

12.
摘要 目的:探讨体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)女性患者焦虑状况的影响因素及对妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择2019年3月~2021年4月期间南京鼓楼医院生殖医学科收治的192例IVF-ET女性患者。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估所有患者焦虑状况。收集患者的临床资料,单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析IVF-ET女性患者焦虑的影响因素。观察不同焦虑状况患者的妊娠结局。结果:192例IVF-ET女性患者中,有37例(19.27%)患者出现焦虑状况。其中轻度焦虑15例(40.54%)、中度焦虑10例(27.03%)、重度焦虑12例(32.43%)。单因素分析结果显示,IVF-ET女性患者是否焦虑与家庭月收入、辅助生殖技术治疗失败史、文化程度、职业、不孕年限、年龄、社会支持、不孕类型、不孕原因有关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:不孕类型为原发不孕、不孕原因为女方因素、年龄>34岁、家庭月收入<3000元、文化程度为高中或中专及以下是导致IVF-ET女性患者发生焦虑的危险因素(P<0.05)。无焦虑患者优胚例数、2PN受精例数、获卵例数、临床妊娠例数占比均高于焦虑患者(P<0.05)。结论:IVF-ET女性患者较易产生焦虑情绪,其焦虑状况受不孕类型、不孕原因、年龄、家庭月收入、文化程度影响,且焦虑状况还会影响患者的妊娠结局,临床工作中应对存在上述影响因素的患者进行积极心理疏导。  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

Objective

Numerous factors, including genetic, neurobiological, neurochemical, and psychological factors, are thought to be involved in the development of anxiety disorders. The latest findings show that the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders might be associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation; however, no studies have so far investigated lipid peroxidation markers in children with anxiety disorders. Serum levels of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) are a reliable marker of lipid peroxidation. Paraoxonase and arylesterase are two enzymes that protect against such peroxidation, and might also be diagnostic markers. In this study, we investigated whether there are associations between anxiety disorders and lipid peroxidation markers in children, and assessed the diagnostic performance of these markers.

Methods

The study group consisted of 37 patients (children and adolescents) with anxiety disorders. A control group, matched for age and gender, was composed of 36 healthy subjects. Venous blood samples were collected, and LOOH levels and paraoxonase and arylesterase activity were measured.

Results

LOOH levels were significantly higher in the anxiety disorders group than in the control group. There were no significant differences in paraoxonase or arylesterase activities between the patient and the control groups.

Discussion

Lipid peroxidation or oxidative damage might play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders. LOOH may be a potential biological marker for anxiety disorders in children.  相似文献   

14.
ObjectiveTo demonstrate that the use of step-and-shoot (SAS) mode in paediatric cardiac CT angiography (CCTA) is possible at heart rates (HR) greater than 65 bpm, allowing low-dose acquisition with single-source 64-slices CT.MethodsWe retrospectively included 125 paediatric patients (0–6 years). CCTA was performed with SAS at diastolic phase in 31 patients (group D, HR < 65 bpm), at systolic phase in 45 patients (group S, HR ≥ 65 bpm) and with non-gated mode in 49 patients (group NG). Effective dose (ED) and image quality using a 3-grade scoring scale (1, excellent; 2, moderate; 3, insufficient) of group S were compared with group D for coronary examinations and group NG for entire thorax vascular anatomy.ResultsFor coronary indications, median ED was 0.6 mSv in group D versus 0.9 mSv in group S (p < 0.01). For whole thorax indications, median ED was 2.7 mSv in group NG versus 1.1 mSv in group S (p < 0.001). The mean image quality score was (1.4 ± 0.6) points in group D, (1.4 ± 0.7) in group S for coronary indications (p = 0.9), (1.3 ± 0.6) in group S for whole thorax indications and (2.0 ± 0.0) in group NG (p < 0.001).ConclusionSAS mode is feasible in children with HR greater than 65 bpm allowing low-dose CCTA. It provided comparable image quality in systole, compared to diastole. SAS at the systolic phase provided better image quality with less radiation dose compared to non-gated scans for whole thorax examinations.  相似文献   

15.
目的:探讨外伤性肝破裂患者腹腔镜下修补术后发生焦虑抑郁的危险因素。方法:应用前瞻性研究方法,采用一般资料问卷调查表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表对本院收治的150例外伤性肝破裂患者进行心理测评,分析术后焦虑和抑郁状态的发生情况。根据术后的状态分为三组,术后存在焦虑的患者为焦虑状态组(n=53),存在抑郁状态的患者为抑郁状态组(n=57),术后无焦虑抑郁状态的为对照组(n=40)。对焦虑和抑郁形成的危险因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:焦虑状态组(n=53)、抑郁状态组(n=57)及对照组(n=40)平均年龄、平均受教育年限比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);而经济月收入、居住地、负面情绪、术前并发症、医保报销、家庭和睦、术前住院时间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。手术过程的手术时间、外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、外循环百分比比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);而麻醉苏醒时间、ICU停留时间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后担忧的问题及需求(治疗需求和心理需求)比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示文化程度(OR=1.254)、负面情绪(OR=1.245)、家庭收入(OR=2.324)、手术疗效(OR=2.258)均为焦虑发生的危险因素;文化程度(OR=4.230)、负面情绪(OR=1.254)、家庭收入(OR=1.236)、手术疗效(OR=2.120)均为抑郁发生的危险因素。结论:外伤性肝破裂患者腹腔镜下修补术后焦虑抑郁的形成可能与患者的文化高低、负面情绪、手术疗效、家庭收入和术前并发症有关。  相似文献   

16.
《Anthrozo?s》2013,26(4):290-299
Abstract

This article reports observations made during a study investigating the role of a therapy dog in reducing anxiety in urban children visiting the dentist. The design and execution of the study were affected by methodological issues such as the reaction of urban children to the dog in the clinic, the tools used to measure anxiety in the children, the age and pet-ownership status of the children, and the personality of the therapy dog. Suggestions made for researchers designing similar studies include allowing children to become comfortable with the therapy dog before beginning formal data collection, working with younger children who have made fewer visits to the dentist, and using or developing more accurate tools for measuring behavioral and physiological anxiety.  相似文献   

17.
《Anthrozo?s》2013,26(1):101-112
ABSTRACT

Forty children between the ages of 8 and 18 years, who were admitted to a hospital pediatric unit, were randomly assigned to an animal-assisted intervention (AAI) or an active control condition (working on an age-appropriate jigsaw puzzle). Ratings of pain and anxiety were taken both pre- and post-condition. The attachment Questionnaire and Family Life Space Diagram (FLSD) also were administered, and information on medications taken was recorded. A significant post-condition difference was found between groups for anxiety, with the aaI group having lower anxiety scores. However, no significant within- or between-group pre-post changes in either pain or anxiety were detected. Nearly two-thirds of the children (64%) reporting pain at baseline were receiving some type of analgesic, which may have influenced outcomes. Findings demonstrate some support that attachment may be a moderating variable: children with a secure attachment style reported lower pain and anxiety at baseline, with large effect sizes for differences in both anxiety (g = 1.34) and pain (g = 1.23). Although the aaI did not significantly reduce anxiety and pain in these hospitalized children, further investigation of the influence of analgesic use and the moderating effect of attachment style is indicated.  相似文献   

18.
目的:探讨孤独症谱系障碍(Autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童早期神经发育水平及智能分区特征,为提高ASD的早期识别和诊断提供理论依据。方法:运用Gesell发育评估量表对18月龄至48月龄以内的27例ASD患儿和30例发育迟缓(Mental retardation, MR)患儿的发育商(Development quotient,DQ)进行测评,比较两组患儿的年龄、性别、平均DQ和各能区DQ。结果:两组患儿的年龄和性别未见明显差异(P>0.05),ASD患儿平均DQ落后于MR患儿(P<0.05),ASD患儿的语言和个人-社交明显落后于MR患儿(P<0.05),ASD患儿的语言和个人-社交明显落后于大运动、精细动作(P<0.05),语言明显落后于个人-社交和适应性(P<0.05),MR患儿的各能区未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:ASD患儿智能特征表现为整体发育水平落后且显著不平衡,以语言和个人-社交落后最明显。  相似文献   

19.
摘要 目的:探讨间质性肺疾病(ILD)患者生活质量与肺功能和焦虑抑郁情绪的关系及其影响因素。方法:选取2019年3月至2020年10月期间我院收治的100例ILD患者。比较ILD患者与一般人群的圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分、肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、肺总量(TLC)及一氧化碳弥散量(DLCo)];观察患者的医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)评分(该评分包括焦虑和抑郁评分两部分);分析ILD患者的SGRQ评分与肺功能指标,焦虑、抑郁评分的相关性;单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析ILD患者生活质量的影响因素。结果:ILD患者的SGRQ各维度评分及总分均高于一般人群,FVC、FEV1、TLC及DLCo均低于一般人群(P<0.05);ILD患者焦虑评分和抑郁评分均较高;ILD患者SGRQ各维度评分均与FVC、FEV1、TLC和DLCo呈负相关(P<0.05),均与焦虑评分和抑郁评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、是否吸烟、不同收入情况的ILD患者生活质量有差异(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示DLCo、FVC、焦虑和抑郁情绪是ILD患者生活质量的影响因素(P<0.05),其中焦虑情绪对其生活质量的影响最为显著。结论:ILD患者的生活质量与肺功能和焦虑抑郁情绪有关,提示临床工作中可通过干预ILD患者肺功能和焦虑抑郁情绪以改善其生活质量。  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT

There is increasing evidence to suggest that dogs are beneficial for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in therapy sessions, and anecdotal reports suggest that dogs may have wider benefits, in a family setting. This study investigated the effect of dog ownership on family functioning and child anxiety. Using a validated scale of family strengths and weaknesses (Brief Version of the Family Assessment Measure-III [General Scale]), we compared parents of children with ASD who had recently acquired a pet dog (n=42, Intervention group) with a similar group of parents not acquiring a dog (n=28, Control group) at matched time points. A sub-population (n =14 acquiring a dog, n=26 controls) completed a parental-report measure of child anxiety (Spence Children's Anxiety Scale). The primary carer completed the scales via telephone at Baseline (up to 17 weeks before acquiring a dog), Post-intervention (3–10 weeks after acquisition), and Follow-up (25–40 weeks after acquisition). Over time, scores for family functioning showed significant improvements (reduced family weaknesses, increased strengths) in the dog-owning compared with the non-dog owning group. In comparison with the non-dog owning group, anxiety scores in the dog-owning group reduced by a greater percentage, most notably in the domains of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (26% greater decrease), Panic Attack and Agoraphobia (24%), Social Phobia (22%), and Separation Anxiety (22%). The results illustrate the potential of pet dogs to improve whole family functioning and child anxiety.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号