共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
鸟类调查的样线法和样点法比较:以崇明东滩春季盐沼鸟类调查为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了探讨样线法和样点法对盐沼湿地鸟类调查的有效性及适用性, 我们于2008年3–5月采用固定距离样线法和固定半径样点法对崇明东滩盐沼鸟类进行了调查。5次调查共记录到鸟类24种, 其中样线法记录到19种, 样点法记录到21种, 两种调查方法平均每次记录到的鸟类种数没有显著差异, 表明两种方法对盐沼鸟类种类的发现能力相似。两种方法得到的鸟类密度之间有显著的相关性,说明两种方法在反映鸟类群落中每种鸟类的相对数量方面具有可比性。但除了仅在一种调查方法中记录到的种类, 样点法调查得到的每种鸟类密度和鸟类总密度均高于样线法的调查结果。因此, 在对鸟类种群或群落的时空特征进行比较时, 需要考虑所采用的调查方法对调查结果的影响。 相似文献
2.
底层地面活动鸟类由于行为隐蔽,野外调查较困难。于2011年1月—2017年3月,利用红外相机监测技术在广东北部3个自然保护区开展底层地面活动鸟类监测,共拍摄到54种鸟,其中在南岭、车八岭和南雄分别拍到鸟类47种、27种和21种。广东北部森林底层地面活动优势鸟种是白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)和黑领噪鹛(Garrulax pectoralis)。平均每台红外相机拍到鸟类4种,并且三地差异非常显著,以南岭最高、南雄最低;平均每台红外相机拍到鸟类32只,但三地差别不明显。在广东北部森林用红外相机拍到的底层地面活动鸟类种类比周边地区多,与安放的红外相机数量多、拍摄的时间长有关。依据本研究和近年来在广东北部的鸟类调查结果推断,广东可能已经没有白颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus ellioti)和勺鸡(Pucrasia macrolopha)的分布。 相似文献
3.
鸟类种群密度调查和估算方法初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨不同调查方法对鸟类种群密度估计的差异,于2010年12月15~20日,对云南省昆明市嵩明县嘉丽泽地区常见的四种鸟(白脊鹡鸰Motacilla alba、黑喉石駑(嶋)Saxicola torquata、白鹭Egretta garzetta、苍鹭Ardea cinerea)进行调查研究.之后分别采用无距离样线法、固定距离样线法以及可变距离样线法(Distance软件)分析,得出其相对丰富度、种群密度等相关信息.对比三种样线法在鸟类数量估计方面的优劣,认为无距离样线法不能真实地反映鸟类数量的多少,固定距离样线法结合样带计数法往往低估鸟类种群密度,呵变距离样线法结合Distance软件分析是相对更为先进和精准的种群密度估算方法.对如何进一步利用Distance软件的分析结果也进行了初步探讨. 相似文献
4.
鸟击事件主要发生在机场范围内,对机场周边生境的鸟类组成进行调查,是制定鸟击防范对策的重要前提。国内多数机场已经开展了相关的鸟类组成调查,但是选用的调查方法却存在较大差异。以样线法和网捕法两种常用的调查方法对沈阳桃仙国际机场周边的迁徙期鸟类进行了研究,旨在比较两种调查方法在机场鸟类群落组成调查中的效果及调查的鸟类群落组成差异。结果表明:两种方法均适合机场鸟类调研,共记录到鸟类97种,网捕法记录的鸟类种数(83种vs.57种)高于样线法,网捕法单独记录的鸟类种数(40种vs.14种)也高于样线法。尽管两种方法每期(半个月)调查的物种数和目的数量无明显差别,但随调查强度(如调查次数)增加,网捕法累计记录到的鸟类种类明显高于样线法,且较晚达到渐近线。另外,两种方法调查记录的鸟类群落组成也具有显著的差别,如网捕法记录到较多鹌鹑和鸮形目等夜间迁徙或活动鸟类,而样线法可记录到鹭科和雁鸭类水鸟等。这说明两种调研方法在鸟类调查中有较好的互补性。因此,本研究认为机场鸟情调研时应该根据鸟情特点,选择合适的鸟类调研方法,综合采用多种调研方法可更有利于获得科学的鸟情信息。 相似文献
5.
6.
为深入了解广东车八岭国家级自然保护区野生动物资源现状,于2014年9月至2016年11月在保护区内布设101个红外相机调查位点,累计11 399相机日。共获得有动物的独立有效照片2 549张,鉴定兽类和鸟类有9目19科43种(兽类13种,鸟类30种),包括6种国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物:斑灵狸(Prionodon pardicolor)、中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii)、白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、仙八色鸫(Pitta nympha)、褐翅鸦鹃(Centropus sinensis)和松雀鹰(Accipiter virgatus)。红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus)、小泡巨鼠(Leopoldamys edwardsi)、仙八色鸫、橙头地鸫(Zoothera citrina)和白冠燕尾(Enicurus leschenaultia)为保护区的新纪录物种。相对丰富度指数较高的兽类有红腿长吻松鼠、赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis)和野猪(Sus scrofa),相对丰富度指数较高的鸟类有白鹇和黑领噪鹛(Garrulax pectoralis)。此外,鸟兽物种数呈现一定的海拔分布趋势,以海拔450~600 m之间的物种多样性最高,但差异不显著。与南岭山脉邻近保护区相比,就已发表的红外相机监测结果而言,车八岭的鸟类多样性最高,而南岭保护区的兽类多样性较高,鸟兽的不同分布可能与保护区亚热带常绿阔叶林的面积和生态系统的完整性有关。本次初步调查掌握了车八岭保护区的鸟兽多样性数据,为以后该保护区及整个南岭山脉野生动物资源长期监测积累了基础资料。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
广东阴那山自然保护区鸟类群落结构及多样性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2012 年10 月-2013 年9 月, 采用固定样线法和样点法对广东阴那山自然保护区鸟类群落结构及多样性进行初步调查, 共记录鸟类175 种, 隶属14 目42 科125 属。其中, 国家Ⅰ级保护种类1 种, 国家Ⅱ级保护种类19 种。按居留类型分类, 夏候鸟34 种, 冬候鸟52 种, 留鸟78 种, 旅鸟11 种; 按动物地理区划分类, 古北界种类67 种, 东洋界种类65 种, 广布性鸟类43 种。该区域鸟类优势种32 种, 多样性指数为4.3929, 优势度为0.0204, 均匀度为0.8506。 相似文献
11.
12.
甘肃黑河内陆河湿地自然保护区候鸟多样性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
甘肃黑河为我国第二大内陆河,位于其中游的黑河湿地自然保护区为内陆河流湿地生态系统自然保护区。2008年分季节采用样线法和样点法调查该保护区湿地、农田村庄、人工林和荒漠4种生境的鸟类种类和数量。调查共记录保护区分布的鸟类17目35科116种,其中夏候鸟73种(占鸟类种类的62.93%),迁徙过路鸟20种(占17.24%),留鸟17种(占14.66%),冬候鸟6种(占5.17%)。其中,属于《湿地公约》的水禽56种。在湿地生境共记录鸟类70种,占保护区鸟类种数的60.34%,其中繁殖期在湿地生境栖息的鸟类有50种,绝大部分为夏候鸟(47种),留鸟只有3种;迁徙季节分布有44种鸟类,其中迁徙过路鸟(只在迁徙季节见到)有17种,占迁徙季节鸟类种类数的38.64%。村庄农田、人工林以及荒漠生境中,繁殖期和迁飞期共记录鸟类57种,夏候鸟有33种,留鸟有17种,迁徙过路鸟只有3种。甘肃张掖黑河湿地保护区是众多水禽在我国西北地区的重要繁殖地和迁徙停歇地,是我国候鸟迁徙西部路线上的关键区域。 相似文献
13.
Vertical stratification of avian communities has been studied in both temperate and tropical forests; however, the majority of studies used ground-based methods. In this study we used ground-to-canopy mist nets to collect detailed data on vertical bird distribution in primary rain forest in Wanang Conservation Area in Papua New Guinea (Madang Province). In total 850 birds from 86 species were caught. Bird abundance was highest in the canopy followed by the understory and lowest in the midstory. Overall bird diversity increased towards the canopy zone. Insectivorous birds represented the most abundant and species-rich trophic guild and their abundances decreased from the ground to canopy. The highest diversity of frugivorous and omnivorous birds was confined to higher vertical strata. Insectivorous birds did not show any pattern of diversity along the vertical gradient. Further, insectivores preferred strata with thick vegetation, while abundance and diversity of frugivores increased with decreasing foliage density. Our ground-to-canopy (0–27 m) mist netting, when compared to standard ground mist netting (0–3 m), greatly improved bird diversity assessment and revealed interesting patterns of avian community stratification along vertical forest strata. 相似文献
14.
2010年5月至2011年4月,采用样带法和固定半径样点法,对内蒙古自治区二连浩特市5种生境的鸟类区系特征、群落结构及其季节动态进行了调查研究。共记录到鸟类124种,隶属于15目34科。其中,留鸟19种,夏候鸟72种,旅鸟29种,冬候鸟4种。繁殖鸟中古北界种类有82种,东洋界种类仅9种;在地理型上主要特征为中亚型的种类多,共有13种。从群落的空间格局来看,5种生境的区别也很大,林地鸟类多样性指数最高,居民区最低;从时间格局来看,不同季节的差异显著,春季鸟类多样性指数最高,冬季最低。 相似文献
15.
We compared bird diversity and frequency in selection logged and unlogged forest to determine the effects of recent selection logging on avian biodiversity in a subtropical, moist evergreen forest. We used a combination of mist netting and fixed-radius point counts to assess bird communities in February and March 1993 in northwestern Belize. Vegetation structure and composition was similar in logged and unlogged forest. The 66 most common species occurred with statistically similar frequency in logged and unlogged forest although 13 species were two times more frequent in intact forest. Numbers of total bird species were similar between logging gaps and the logged forest matrix, and between the logged forest matrix and unlogged forests. A comparison of numbers of species in 26 guilds based on migration strategy, diet, foraging substrate, and height strata also showed them to be similar regardless of logging history. Our results differed from previous studies that reported lower bird species richness and abundance of individual species in logged tropical forests than in unlogged forest. The differences might be explained by the lower logging intensity and/or greater levels of natural disturbance in our study area compared to previous studies. 相似文献
16.
人工林对海南鹦哥岭鸟类多样性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解在天然林中所种植的人工林对鹦哥岭鸟类多样性的影响,于2005年10月~2006年4月,分别采用样带法和雾网法,对海南鹦哥岭的原生林、次生林、人工林及其林缘的鸟类多样性进行了比较研究.野外记录到鸟类102种,其中栗腹矶鸫Monticola rufiventris、橙胸姬鹟Ficedula strophiata和黄雀Carduelis spinus 3种为海南鸟类新纪录.与原生林和次生林相比,人工林及其林缘的鸟类多样性很低,其中人工林最低.人工林不仅对鹦哥岭自然保护区的鸟类多样性具有非常大的负面影响,而且由于人工林的种植使天然林破碎化而产生的林缘与天然林林缘不同,鸟类多样性较低. 相似文献
17.
T. R. Shankar Raman 《Ibis》2003,145(1):9-21
Studies comparing different bird censusing methods are useful for assessing relative biases, synthesizing data across studies, and designing bird population monitoring programmes. A field study was carried out in mid-elevation tropical rainforest in the Western Ghats to compare bird density estimates from line transect, point count and territory spot-mapping methods. Interspecific comparisons were made using data for 13 common resident bird species, including two endemics. Variable-width line transect density estimates were highly correlated with, but slightly (17%) higher than, those produced by territory spot-mapping. Although densities from variable-width point counts and spot-mapping were highly positively correlated, the estimates were 95% higher on average in the former. Higher density estimates relative to spot-mapping were produced mainly for the most abundant species, probably due to their mobility and the inclusion of additional individuals that enter the count area during the count period. Fixed-width strip transects and point counts produced density estimates that were highly correlated with, but significantly lower than, variable-width estimates. Wherever possible, territory spot-mapping and line transects are recommended for density estimates; the former may yield additional information on spatial distribution of birds. Fixed-width transects or point counts, being easier to apply, may be used for large-scale monitoring programmes. Interspecific variation in flocking systems and the poor visibility in dense rainforest vegetation indicate the need for care in collection of data on flock size and its variation, which is necessary for estimating the density of individuals. The variation across methods suggests the need for further research using multiple methods across years and marked individuals to verify territoriality and accuracy. 相似文献
18.
This is the first report of the avian assemblage in the study area of Dutse, Nigeria. In addition to recording bird species, the effects of season, dominant vegetation structure, locality and anthropogenic activities on bird abundance, species richness and diversity were investigated. Using the point transect method, 264 points on 48 km of transect were used to count birds between 06:30 and 11:00 from August 2015 to February 2016. A total of 122 bird species of 41 families were recorded. Highest bird species richness was recorded in Warwade, highest abundance in Model, and highest diversity in Malamawa. The dry season and woodland habitat showed higher bird species richness, abundance and diversity than the wet season and shrubland habitat. Tree density was more important in increasing bird abundance than shrub density. Small-scale anthropogenic activities and habitat modification, such as farming, grazing, wood removal and human interference did not appear to have impacted the birds; however, loss of high tree-density woodland habitats may pose a major threat to the bird community in Dutse. The presence of birds of concern in the area suggests the need for conservation efforts of avifauna and as well as the forested habitats in Dutse. 相似文献