三株长蠕孢属真菌对毛脉酸模幼苗中白藜芦醇、白藜芦醇苷含量和产量的影响

以幼苗期毛脉酸模（Rumex gmelinii Turcz．）为实验材料,研究经长蠕孢属真菌（Helminthosporium carbonum）侵染后毛脉酸模中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷的含量和产量的变化。实验结果表明：幼苗期毛脉酸模中的白藜芦醇在受到外界真菌诱导时对真菌具有一定的选择性。而且同一真菌的不同菌株诱导强度也有一定的差异,主要表现在起效时间上。但白藜芦醇苷含量受外界真菌诱导的专属性不强,且影响强度与诱导浓度有关。对幼苗期毛脉酸模各种诱导处理都没有使其生物量受到明显的抑制。通过试验筛选出大斑病长蠕孢001使幼苗期毛脉酸模中白藜芦醇苷和白藜芦醇产量影响较大,与对照相比分别使其提高1．54和3．99倍。     

三株长蠕孢属真菌对毛脉酸模幼苗中白藜芦醇、白藜芦醇苷含量和产量的影响

以幼苗期毛脉酸模（Rumex gmelini Turcz.）为实验材料, 研究经长蠕孢属真菌（Helminthosporium carbonum）侵染后毛脉酸模中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷的含量和产量的变化。实验结果表明：幼苗期毛脉酸模中的白藜芦醇在受到外界真菌诱导时对真菌具有一定的选择性。而且同一真菌的不同菌株诱导强度也有一定的差异,主要表现在起效时间上。但白藜芦醇苷含量受外界真菌诱导的专属性不强,且影响强度与诱导浓度有关。对幼苗期毛脉酸模各种诱导处理都没有使其生物量受到明显的抑制。通过试验筛选出大斑病长蠕孢001使幼苗期毛脉酸模中白藜芦醇苷和白藜芦醇产量影响较大,与对照相比分别使其提高1.54倍和3.99倍。     

毛脉酸模不同器官中几种生物活性物质的含量及生长季节对其的影响

为确定毛脉酸模(Rumex gmelini)最佳药用部位和最佳采收期, 从而为新药源开发提供科学依据, 我们采用HPLC法和梯度洗脱, 研究了一年生和二年生毛脉酸模不同生长发育期、不同器官、组织中7种生物活性成分(白藜芦醇、白藜芦醇苷、大黄酚苷、酸模素、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚)的动态分布规律。结果表明毛脉酸模根部含有生物活性成分的种类及含量均多于其他部位, 为最佳药用部 位。一年生毛脉酸模根部不含有酸模素。二年生毛脉酸模根部含有全部7种生物活性成分, 且在8~9月份含量最高, 为最佳采收期。     

毛脉酸模不同器官中几种生物活性物质的含量及生长季节对其的影响

为确定毛脉酸模(Rumex gmelini)最佳药用部位和最佳采收期,从而为新药源开发提供科学依据,我们采用HPLC法和梯度洗脱,研究了一年生和二年生毛脉酸模不同生长发育期、不同器官、组织中7种生物活性成分(白藜芦醇、白藜芦醇苷、大黄酚苷、酸模素、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚)的动态分布规律.结果表明毛脉酸模根部含有生物活性成分的种类及含量均多于其他部位,为最佳药用部位.一年生毛脉酸模根部不含有酸模素.二年生毛脉酸模根部含有全部7种生物活性成分,且在8～9月份含量最高,为最佳采收期.     

不同光质对毛脉酸模中蒽醌类成分的影响

通过红色、黄色、绿色、蓝色滤光膜对毛脉酸模进行遮膜处理。采用高效液相色谱法对毛脉酸模根样品中的蒽醌类成分含量进行测定,研究光质对毛脉酸模根次生代谢产物蒽醌类成分的影响。进行了方差分析。二年生黄膜处理中蒽醌类成分含量显著性高于处理组及空白组。一年生空白组及对照组中蒽醌类成分含量显著性高于处理组。结果表明黄膜处理显著提高二年生毛脉酸模中中蒽醌类成分含量。     

薄层层析-紫外分光光度法测定葡萄果皮中白藜芦醇及白藜芦醇苷

建立了葡萄果皮中反式白藜芦醇及反式白藜芦醇苷含量的薄层层析-紫外分光光度测定法.以甲醇提取目标组分,以高效硅胶GF254为固定相,甲苯:乙酸乙酯:甲酸(5:4:1)为展开剂,对反式白藜芦醇及反式白藜芦醇苷进行分离纯化.并用紫外分光光度法进行定量,波长为306 nm.结果表明,该方法测定反式白藜芦醇及反式白藜芦醇苷含量的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9997;平均回收率为98.12%、97.23%;方法的精密度较高.并用该方法测定了酿酒红葡萄品种蛇龙珠不同生长时期的反式白藜芦醇和反式白藜芦醇苷含量.     

不同生长阶段遮荫对番茄光合作用、干物质分配与叶N、P、K的影响

对番茄植株做了两种不同程度的遮荫处理,观测了夏季午间遮荫对光合速率,干物质积累量及其在根,茎,叶之间的分配,和叶N,P,K的含量以及经济产量的影响,发现不同时期遮荫影响不同。（1）遮荫增加三个阶段（开花早期,盛花期和开花后期）的气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度,显著降低开花早期中午的净化合速率,但盛花期中度遮荫（40%遮荫）使净光合速率随着时间的增加逐渐上升,在开花后期表现更加明显,平均净光合速率比对照高20%以上,蒸腾速率也增加较多。（2）开花早期和盛花期重度遮荫（如本实验中的75%遮荫）显著降低根,茎的干重,而开花后期中度遮荫的根,茎干重高于对照,但遮荫对叶干重的影响不明显。（3）开花早期和盛花期遮荫不明显影响叶片中N,P,K的含量,但开花后期中度遮荫使N,P,K含量增加,（4）开花早期两种遮荫对果实产量影响较小,但盛花期重度遮荫使产量降低,全部产量中无效部分所占的比例上升,开花后期中度遮荫的总产量和有效产量增加,单果重也增加,这些结果表明,在某些时期中度遮荫可以克服夏天辐射过强,气温过高对番茄的不良影响,对番茄生长,干物质积累和提高产量等有利,在生产上有意义。     

RP-HPLC法同时测定虎杖中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷的含量

建立了国内首次用RP-HPLC同时测定虎杖中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷含量的方法,并详细考察了2个指标成分的稳定性。对不同产地的虎杖药材、不同采收期的虎杖根及根茎以及虎杖的不同部位共25个样品中的白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷进行了含量测定,考察了两种活性成分的含量与产地、采收期及部位的关系,为虎杖资源的合理采收利用及进一步的研究提供了理论依据。     

白藜芦醇在大鼠体内的吸收代谢分析

目的：高效液相色谱及气质联用法同时分析大鼠血浆和尿中白藜芦醇及白藜芦醇苷含量。方法：6w龄Wistar大鼠10只,适应性喂养1w后,分装于10个代谢笼中。实验前禁食10h,按体重灌胃给予大鼠50mg/kg白藜芦醇。高效液相色谱法检测大鼠血浆和尿中白藜芦醇及白藜芦醇苷的含量,并通过气质联用仪探索性分析不同时间血浆中代谢产物的种类。结果：白藜芦醇及白藜芦醇苷在0～10mg/L浓度范围内线性较好,其R2 分别为0.9995及0.999 6。白藜芦醇灌饲1h后血浆中白藜芦醇浓度达到最大值,约4.79μg/mL,而白藜芦醇苷则到3h后才达到峰值,且其浓度达到白藜芦醇原型含量的5倍,约23.78μg/mL。白藜芦醇及其糖基化衍生物可在白藜芦醇摄入后24h内经尿液大量排泄到体外,排泄率超过摄入量的一半,其中原型占90%以上。气质联用分析进一步发现,机体摄入白藜芦醇3h后血浆中代谢物种类及含量均达到峰值。结论：白藜芦醇进入大鼠体内后在血浆中主要以衍生物形式存在,且代谢主要在摄入后前3h内,摄入后24h内主要以原型形式经尿液排出。     

花生中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷的提取及含量测定

建立高效液相色谱紫外法同时测定花生中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷含量的方法。以85%乙醇水溶液为提取剂,采用直接超声提取、高速匀浆提取和固相萃取3种不同提取方法处理花生样品,对提取剂使用量和提取方法进行比较研究,高效液相色谱法进行含量测定。结果表明：当提取剂使用量为40mL时,固相萃取提取法效果最好,白藜芦醇的加标回收率为96.00%~109.55%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.64%~2.17%,检出限为0.016mg/kg;白藜芦醇苷的加标回收率为91.82%~104.67%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.73%~2.81%,检出限为0.052mg/kg。测定的山东省210个花生样品中白藜芦醇含量为0.17~11.39mg/kg,含量最低的是花育22,最高的是白玉品种;白藜芦醇苷含量为0.22~1.44mg/kg,含量最低的是春甜,最高的是山花9号品种。该方法适合于花生样品中白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷含量的测定。     

Comparative studies of polydatin and resveratrol on mutual transformation and antioxidative effect in vivo

BackgroundPolydatin and resveratrol are extractives of radix or rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum, and as the glycoside forms, it is a natural precursor of resveratrol.PurposeIn this study, we aimed to explore the mutual transformation between polydatin and resveratrol in rats, and to compare the antioxidative effect of them in vivo.Study designIn this study, we analyzed the serum molar concentration of polydatin and resveratrol after oral administration in rats and evaluated the anti-oxidative stress effects of them using a mouse model.MethodsRats were orally administered polydatin or resveratrol and the concentration of them in serum were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their antioxidative effect was compared in mice with oxidative stress cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin (DOX).ResultsThe results showed that polydatin and resveratrol could mutually transform in vivo, the molar concentration of polydatin in serum was always averagely 3.35 and 4.28 times as much as resveratrol after oral administration of polydatin and resveratrol at 200 mg/kg, respectively. Both polydatin and resveratrol could significantly decrease the content of malonydialdehyde (MDA), promote the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma, and increase the content of glutathione (GSH) in myocardial tissue. The effect of polydatin surpassed resveratrol, particularly embodied in increasing the activities of T-SOD and CAT, and the content of GSH.ConclusionIt illustrates that polydatin is the main substance in serum after intragastric administration with polydatin or resveratrol, and the mutual transformation between polydatin and resveratrol keeps balance; they both have the ability of antioxidative stress in vivo, and polydatin has a better effect than resveratrol, which hints that polydatin may be a substitute for resveratrol in antioxidant for clinical use.     

UV-C和水杨酸对虎杖叶中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的诱导作用

以不同叶龄虎杖叶为材料,研究了不同剂量紫外线(UV-C)和10mmol/L水杨酸(SA)处理对叶中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷含量的影响。结果显示:2.4kJ/m2UV-C照射并经暗处理36h后可使虎杖嫩叶中白藜芦醇含量增加近1倍,暗处理24h后虎杖苷含量提高了30%以上,但是老叶中两者含量没有显著变化。SA处理48h后,嫩叶中白藜芦醇的含量提高约5倍,同时虎杖苷的含量下降了60%并且伴随着一个新成分的产生;老叶中白藜芦醇提高约2倍,虎杖苷的含量则没有显著变化。研究表明SA和UV-C对不同叶龄的虎杖叶片中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷合成均有诱导作用,且嫩叶比老叶表现得更为明显。     

Resveratrol Inhibits Enterovirus 71 Replication and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion in Rhabdosarcoma Cells through Blocking IKKs/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Polydatin and resveratrol, as major active components in Polygonum cuspidatum, have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor functions. However, the effect and mechanism of polydatin and resveratrol on enterovirus 71 (EV71) have not been reported. In this study, resveratrol revealed strong antiviral activity on EV71, while polydatin had weak effect. Neither polydatin nor resveratrol exhibited influence on viral attachment. Resveratrol could effectively inhibit the synthesis of EV71/VP1 and the phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, IKKγ, IKBα, NF-κB p50 and NF-κB p65, respectively. Meanwhile, the remarkably increased secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in EV71-infected rhabdosarcoma (RD) cells could be blocked by resveratrol. These results demonstrated that resveratrol inhibited EV71 replication and cytokine secretion in EV71-infected RD cells through blocking IKKs/NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, resveratrol may have potent antiviral effect on EV71 infection.     

Effects of shading on the photosynthetic capacity,endogenous hormones and root yield in purple-fleshed sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam)

A field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of shading on the photosynthetic capacity, endogenous hormones and root yield in purple-fleshed sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas L. cv. Jishu18 and Ayamuraski (Aya)]. Sweetpotato plants were treated with two shading levels, 40 and 70 % shading, with full radiation used as a control. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate, adenosine triphosphatase activity, Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity and soluble sugar content decreased under both shading treatments. Leaf indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid content increased, whereas leaf gibberellic acid content, zeatin riboside (ZR) content, root IAA, and ZR content decreased in the plants under both shading treatments. Shading also altered the production of sweetpotato storage root, including reductions in the root yield and dry matter accumulation, increase in the top/root (T/R) ratio, and the difference between the treatments and control for the T/R value and storage root yield was significant. Therefore, the responses of the photosynthetic parameters and endogenous hormones to shading were closely correlated with the variation in the storage root yield of the different cultivars. In response to shading, the reduction of root ZR contents, the fresh dry weight of the above-ground parts and the root yield for Jishu18 were higher than that for cv. Aya, indicating that cv. Jishu18 might be more sensitive to weak light than cv. Aya.     

Polydatin prevents angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial superoxide generation

Our studies and others recently demonstrate that polydatin, a resveratrol glucoside, has antioxidative and cardioprotective effects. This study aims to investigate the direct effects of polydatin on Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy to explore the potential role of polydatin in cardioprotection. Our results showed that in primary cultured cardiomyocytes, polydatin blocked Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in a dose-dependent manner, which were associated with reduction in the cell surface area and [³H]leucine incorporation, as well as attenuation of the mRNA expressions of atrial natriuretic factor and β-myosin heavy chain. Furthermore, polydatin prevented rat cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang II infusion, as assessed by heart weight-to-body weight ratio, cross-sectional area of cardiomyocyte, and gene expression of hypertrophic markers. Further investigation demonstrated that polydatin attenuated the Ang II-induced increase in the reactive oxygen species levels and NADPH oxidase activity in vivo and in vitro. Polydatin also blocked the Ang II-stimulated increases of Nox4 and Nox2 expression in cultured cardiomyocytes and the hearts of Ang II-infused rats. Our results indicate that polydatin has the potential to protect against Ang II-mediated cardiac hypertrophy through suppression of NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide production. These observations may shed new light on the understanding of the cardioprotective effect of polydatin.