复合微生物发酵饲料在罗非鱼养殖中的应用研究

目的:通过对罗非鱼养殖生长情况进行分析,探究发酵饲料对罗非鱼生长情况的影响。方法:随机选取商品罗非鱼作为研究对象,分别喂食浓度为10%、15%、20%的复合微生物发酵饲料,对三组罗非鱼生长情况、成活率、饲料有效性进行系统分析。结果:不同发酵饲料饲养的罗非鱼在成活情况上存在明显差异,饲料系数越高,罗非鱼的生产情况越好,带来的经济效益越高。结论:添加适量微生物发酵饲料可以促进罗非鱼生长。     

晚上睡得好对血压有益

睡眠时呼吸暂停可引起高血压。美国休斯敦贝勒医学院的Eugene C.Fletcher等对40名高血压患者与30名血压正常者睡眠时的呼吸情况进行了观察,发现45%的高血压患者有睡眠时呼吸暂停的情况,而血压正常有此情况者仅占20%。Fletcher说,9名有呼吸暂停情况的高血压患者用抗抑郁药治疗其呼吸暂停     

梨树县森林资源存在的问题及解决办法

梨树县森林资源存在的问题,根据梨树县森林资源的基本情况,结合实际情况提出了具体解决办法。     

四川省凉山州部分乡镇卫生院基本情况影响农民就诊情况的调查

乡镇卫生院负责本乡镇的医疗,预防和妇幼卫生等综合卫生服务,并指导村级医生,向居民提供方便、快捷的基本医疗服务。凉山彝族自治州地处四川西南部,农村人口占绝大多数,了解农民于乡镇卫生院的就诊情况与农民关注自己的健康状况有着必然的联系。而乡镇卫生院医务人员的学历、职称、医疗设施情况、医院的收费情况等与农民的就诊情况息息相关。本文通过对四川省凉山州部分乡镇卫生院的基本条件和农民的就诊情况分别进行调查,并分析其形成的原因。     

服用小剂量阿司匹林患者的阿司匹林抵抗

目的:探讨在利用小剂量阿司匹林对患者进行治疗的过程中阿司匹林抵抗情况的原因。方法:随机从2013年1月至2015年3月来我院治疗心脑血管疾病的患者当中选出117例患者,对患者均采用小剂量阿司匹林(100)进行治疗,并且连续服用两周。在治疗完成后对患者血小板的凝聚情况进行检验和分析,了解患者阿司匹林抵抗发生的情况。结果:本次研究中,患者当中共有6例患者发生了阿司匹林抵抗情况,占比5.13%;共有32例患者发生了阿司匹林半抵抗情况,占比27.35%;共有79例患者发生了阿司匹林敏感情况,占比67.52%。其中性别、年龄、高血压、吸烟史等因素能够影响阿司匹林抵抗的发生。结论:在治疗心脑血管疾病时,对于不同性别、不同年龄、是否患有高血压、是否患有糖尿病等的患者要进行个体化治疗,根据其实际情况为其应用抗血小板凝结药物,预防阿司匹林抵抗情况的发生。     

梨树县林权抵押贷款存在的问题及建议

本文从林业发展的资金来源和金融支持情况到林业贷款情况,总结了林业贷款存在的问题和解决对策。     

国家自然科学基金农学学科项目资助情况分析

对2005—2009年国家自然科学基金委员会生命科学部农学学科各类项目的资助情况进行了统计分析,重点探讨了面上项目、重点项目和国家杰出青年科学基金项目资助的分支学科分布及依托单位情况等,以期为项目申请人、同行学者以及管理人员了解情况提供参考。     

肝病分类诊断与诊疗路径系统的构建及应用价值分析

肝病分类诊断系统是根据肝脏疾病的病因学、临床症候学、检验学、影像学、病理学和解剖学等特性,通过对肝脏疾病的分类、起病状态、病原学检测、肝功能情况、营养状态、感染情况、肝纤维化及肝硬化程度、肝脏并发症情况、多脏器功能情况、肝癌发生及进展情况和伴随疾病等不同层次、全方位的评价,准确反映肝脏疾病状态及各器官功能情况。肝病分类诊断系统中的每一诊断均对应一个以国内外最新诊疗标准、指南、共识等为依据,以循证医学为基础的诊断、治疗、康复及随访方案,最终根据不同诊断,组合生成全面的个体化综合治疗路径,使诊断、治疗、检查、随访以及生活指导更加标准、科学、规范。     

北美洲药用植物

简介北美洲药用植物的总体情况,30种重要种类的产地、药用部位、活性成分、功效,以及常用种类的简要情况。     

PBI-SUR-TK载体靶向介导HSV-TK自杀基因诱导肝癌细胞凋亡

目的:构建Survivin启动子调控的表达载体,并检测在启动子调控下HSV-TK自杀基因对肝癌细胞HepG₂和正常肝细胞HL-7702凋亡的影响。方法:合成含TK基因的质粒PBI-SUR-TK,利用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000将其导入肝癌细胞和肝细胞。然后分别运用RT-PCR和Western blot特异性检测基因和蛋白的表达情况;利用CCK8方法检测细胞增殖情况,流式细胞仪上机检测细胞凋亡情况。结果:肝癌细胞转染组有更多的TK基因表达产物,增殖情况减弱,凋亡情况明显。结论:Survivin启动子驱动的HSV-TK/GCV自杀基因系统对肝癌可能有一定的治疗作用。     

Infection status with helminthes in feral cats purchased from a market in Busan, Republic of Korea

The present study was performed to investigate the infection status with helminth in a group of feral cats in Korea. More than 29 helminth species including adults or eggs were detected in visceral and fecal samples of the examined cats. Among these were a host of nematodes, including toxocarids, Ancylostoma sp. and the larva of Anisakis simplex; trematodes, including Clonorchis sinensis, Paragonimus westermani, Eurytrema pancreaticum, Pharyngostomum cordatum, Metagonimus spp., Heterophyes nocens, Pygidiopsis summa, Heterophyopsis continua, Stictodora fuscata, Stictodora lari, Acanthotrema felis, Stellantchasmus falcatus, Centrocestus armatus, Procerovum varium, Cryptocotyle sp., Echinostoma revolutum, Echinostoma hortense, Echinochasmus japonicus, Stephanoprora sp., Plagiorchis muris, Neodiplostomum sp. and diplostomulum. We also detected a variety of cestodes, including Spirometra erinacei, Taenia taeniaeformis and unidentified species of tapeworm. We also found examples of the acanthocephalan, Bolbosoma sp. In our assessment of the stools, we detected at least 12 species of helminth eggs. These findings confirmed that feral cats in Korea are infected with a variety of helminth parasite species. Furthermore, among the helminths detected, E. pancreaticum, S. fuscata, S. lari, A. felis, S. falcatus, C. armatus, P. varium, Cryptocotyle sp., E. revolutum, E. japonicus, Stephanoprora sp., P. muris, Neodiplostomum sp. and Bolbosoma sp. represent helminth fauna which have not been reported previously in feral cats in the Republic of Korea.     

中国海南省金小蜂分类研究（膜翅目：小蜂总科：金小蜂科）

首次系统研究并报道了中国海南省分布的金小蜂,记录１５属１９种,编制了属种检索表。同时初步探讨了海南省与洲、非洲之间在金小蜂分布上的关系。     

世界柽麦蛾属支序生物地理学研究（鳞翅目： 麦蛾科）

基于对世界柽麦蛾属昆虫外部形态和外生殖器的形态学研究,选择了66个性状演变系列,通过PAUP*4b10软件对柽麦蛾属51种昆虫进行了支序系统学分析。分析结果认为heluanensis种团并不是一个单系群,柽麦蛾属被重新作了7个种团的划分。在支序系统学分析的基础上,柽麦蛾属昆虫的14个地理分布区域等级关系被重建,显示出古地中海地区复杂的历史,同时说明在该属分布格局中扩散事件客观存在。     

Chromosome numbers of European blackberries (Rubus subg.Rubus,Rosaceae)

Chromosome numbers are presented for 32 collections of 29 European blackberry species (Rubus subg.Rubus) from Germany. One species is triploid (2n = 21), 27 species are tetraploid, (2n = 28), and one species is pentaploid (2n = 35). Chromosome numbers are reported for the first time ofR. adspersus, R. amisiensis, R. calvus, R. conothyrsoides, R. contractipes, R. demissus, R. elegantispinosus, R. ferocior, R. foliosus, R. hypomalacus, R. leucandrus, R. nemorosus, R. platyacanthus, R. praecox, R. rhombifolius, andR. rhytidophyllus. Chromosome numbers forR. dasyphyllus, R. gelertii, R. glandithyrsos, R. lamprocaulos, R. lindebergii, R. macrophyllus, R. montanus, R. muenteri, R. pedemontanus, R. polyanthemus, R. senticosus, R. silvaticus, andR. vigorosus are confirmed.     

Sixteen new species of Thelypteris (Thelypteridaceae) from Bolivia

We describe 16 new species of Thelypteris (Thelypteridaceae) from Bolivia: T. aymarae, T. chaparensis, T. fasciola, T. fayorum, T. inaequilateralis, T. lumbricoides, T. madidiensis, T. minima, T. nephelium, T. parva, T. pelludia, T. pilonensis, T. rosulata, T. sapechoana, T. stephanii, and T. yungensis.     

A review of studies on Pichavaram mangrove, southeast India

We studied a tropical mangrove ecosystem, situated at Pichavaram, southeast India. We found 13 species of mangrove trees, with Avicennia marinaand Rhizophora species predominant, besides 73 spp. of other plants, 52 spp. of bacteria, 23 spp. of fungi, 82 spp. of phytoplankton, 22 spp. of seaweeds, 3 spp. of seagrass, 95 spp. of zooplankton, 40 spp. of meiobenthos, 52 spp. of macrobenthos, 177 spp. of fish and 200 spp. of birds. The bacteria performed activities like photosynthesis, methanogenesis, magnetic behaviour, human pathogens and production of antibiotics and enzymes (arysulphatase, L-glutaminase, chitinase, L-asparaginase, cellulase, protease, phosphatase). The microzooplankton included tintinnids, rotifers, nauplius stages of copepods and veliger larvae of molluscs, with a predominance of tintinnids. Tintinopsis spp. alone accounted for 90% of abundance. The macrozooplankton consisted of 95% of copepods and coelenterates. The meiofauna was rich with nematodes (50–70% of the component), followed by foramifera. The macrofauna included polychaetes, bivalves, gastropods, tanaids, isopods, amphipods, cirripedes, crabs, hermit crabs and shrimps. The mangrove harboured a large number of juvenile fishes, especially during summer and post-monsoon. The water was fertile and productive in having several fold-higher levels of nutrients, microbes, plankton and other biological resources, than the adjoining estuarine, backwater and neritic environments. The gross primary production was 8 g cm^-3 d^-1; about 21% of which was contributed by phytoplankton of 5–10 m size. Unfortunately, 90% of the mangrove cover in the study area was degraded. Possible factors that cause degradation of the ecosystem are detailed and remedial measures suggested. Techniques for regeneration of the degraded areas are proposed.     

紫荆族的脉序研究

本文对代表豆科云实亚科紫荆族全部五个属．即紫荆属、腺叶紫荆属、格里芬豆属、拟羊蹄甲属和羊蹄甲属的几乎全部系或亚组的１３４个种或种下分类单元的叶脉序进行了研究,并描述了本族２０个基本脉序类型．在紫荆族中,腺叶紫荆属和拟羊蹄甲属的脉序式样非常相似;紫荆属的种类的脉式样以全绿叶,一级脉不及绿等特征组合有别于本族其它属;格里芬豆属的脉序高度特化,有别于紫荆亚族的所有类群;羊蹄甲属是叶脉序式样最多样化的类群．在羊蹄甲属中,羊蹄甲亚属和显托亚属的脉序式样非常多样化．Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属的两个组和Ｂａｒｋｌｙａ亚属的脉序式样非常相似．Ｂａｒｋｌｙａ亚属的仅有种了香叶羊蹄甲的脉序仅以其叶全缘区别于Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属．脉序性状支持把Ｃａｎｓｅｎｉａ系、白花羊蹄甲系、羊蹄甲系、绿花羊蹄甲亚组、总状花羊蹄甲亚组、Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属、伞房系、Ｃｈｌｏｒｏｘａｎｔｈａｅ系、棒花系、掌叶组和萼管组等作为自然类群的观点．在本族植物的脉序类型中,一级脉及缘、全缘叶、发育完好的脉岛等性状常相关出现;另一方面,一级脉不及缘,具二小叶或叶深裂,脉岛发育不完善及盲脉多分枝等性状常相关出现．如同形态和花粉性状,脉序性状能为紫荆族的分类提供另一方面的佐     

Prospective Biological Control Agents of Varroa destructor n. sp., an Important Pest of the European Honeybee, Apis mellifera

This paper reviews prospective biological control agents of the varroa mite, Varroa destructor n. sp. (Acari, Mesostigmata). This ectoparasite has caused severe damage to populations of the European honeybee, Apis mellifera , world-wide in recent years. To date, no promising natural enemies of varroa species have been identified on A. mellifera or its original host, Apis cerana . Therefore, biological control will probably require natural enemies from other hosts. The following groups of organisms were reviewed as potential biological control agents: predatory mites, parasitoids and entomopathogens (nematodes, protozoa, viruses, Bacillus thuringiensis , rickettsiae, and fungi). The candidate groups were ranked according to their lethality to Acari, likely ability to operate under the physical conditions of honeybee colonies, ease of targeting, and ease of mass-production. Preferential consideration was given to the natural enemies of Acari that occupy taxonomic groups close to varroa. Entomopathogenic fungi, which kill a wide range of acarine species, were identified as prime candidates for screening against varroa. Bacillus thuringiensi s also requires study, particularly strains producing novel toxins active against non-insect hosts. Entomopathogenic protozoa and nematodes show less potential for varroa control, but nonetheless warrant preliminary investigation. We consider predators, parasitoids, viruses and rickettsiae to have little potential to control varroa. Because the physical conditions within honeybee colonies are similar everywhere, it is very likely that a biological control agent of varroa could be used successfully throughout the world.     

Distribution and insecticide resistance of the plague flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Maharashtra State, India

Distributions are reported for commensal rat fleas, predominantly Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothschild), in the State of Maharashtra, India, including the city of Bombay, during 1965-80. The X.cheopis flea index was high in most parts of Maharashtra, but low in Bombay. Rattus rattus Linnaeus is the principal host of X.cheopis, but the host range includes Bandicota bengalensis Gray, Golunda ellioti Gray, Mus musculus Linnaeus, Rattus blandfordi Thomas, R. norvegicus Berkenhout, Suncus caerulaeus Lerr, S. murinus Linnaeus and Tatera indica Hardwicke. X.cheopis was found to have high degrees of resistance to DDT, malathion and fenthion, tolerance to gamma HCH (= gamma BCH) but susceptibility to dieldrin. This insecticide resistance situation may contribute to the high flea indices prevailing in the state, with consequent risks of plague outbreaks. Two other species of rat flea, X.astia Rothschild and X.brasiliensis (Baker) were found to be less common than previously recorded. Their apparent replacement by X.cheopis is tentatively attributed, at least partly, to the selective advantage of insecticide resistance in the latter species.