首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
采用克隆测序和PCR—RFLP相结合的方法,对民猪的SLA—DRB基因的整个编码区进行了扫描和多态性分析.结果表明该基因的第2外显子是整个基因的高变区,突变率达到5.6%,其中80%为有效突变,但没有发现新的等位基因;PCR-RFLP结果表明外显子1用内切酶Alu Ⅰ酶切可获得3种基因型;外显子2用内切酶TaqⅠ酶切可获得3种基因型:外显子3用内切酶BcnⅠ酶切可获得3种基因型:外显子4用内切酶MboⅠ酶切可获得2种基因型:外显子5用内切酶HinlⅠ酶切可获得3种基因型.Hardy-Weinberg平衡分析表明民猪在Alu Ⅰ和HinlⅠ处于平衡状态(P〉0.05).在TaqⅠ、BcnⅠ和MboⅠ处于不平衡状态.  相似文献   

2.
采用限制性内切核酸酶Rsa I对中国地方猪种小梅山,中梅山及国外猪种大约克SLA-DQB基因外显子2的273bp扩增产物进行多态性分析,小梅山猪酶切后出现两种基因型:246bp/27bp(AA),132bp/84bp/30bp/27bp(BB),中梅山猪中出现4种基因型:246bp/27bp(AA),132bp/84bp/30bp/27bp(BB),132bp/114bp/27bp(CC),246bp/143bp84bp/30bp/27bp(AB),大约克猪中出现5 基因型;246bp/27bp(AA),142bp/84bp/30bp/27bp(BB),132bp/114bp/27bp(CC);246bp/132bp/84bp/30bp/27bp(AB).273bp/246bp/27bp(AD),分析发现,SLA-DQB基因外显子2的11,94和124位碱基表现出多态性并在3个猪种中检测到A,B,C和D4个等位基因,χ^2适应性检验结果表明,小梅山,中梅山及大约克SLA-DQB基因外显子2在Rsa I酶切位点 Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。  相似文献   

3.
激素敏感脂肪酶(Hormone sensitivelipase,HSL)是负责分解脂肪组织中甘油三酯释放游离脂肪酸的关键和限速酶,也是影响动物脂肪沉积的关键酶。将HSL基因作为影响猪脂肪代谢和沉积相关性状的候选基因,对不同品种猪HSL基因 5′ UTR和外显子Ⅰ片段进行了克隆测序并开展多态性与性状间的关系研究。序列比较发现,在测定的HSL基因靠近起始密码子(ATG)的 419bp中,杜洛克、梅山猪、大白猪和清平猪序列完全一致,与长白猪序列比较,在-13 ~-12bp位置存在GC→CG的碱基变异;梅山猪(3个体)、通城猪(3个体 )、长白猪 (3个体 )、大白猪(3个体)HSL基因外显子Ⅰ的 442bp位置有G→A碱基间的变异,G→A的转换改变了限制性内切酶BsaHⅠ酶识别位点,且导致了编码氨基酸Val→Ile的替换。经PCR RFLP分析,HSL基因外显子ⅠBsaHⅠ位点多态性有AA、AG和GG 3种基因型。“大白×梅山”F2 代资源家系猪BsaHⅠ位点不同基因型个体背膘厚、肌内脂肪等性状协方差统计分析发现,AG基因型和GG基因型在眼肌面积上存在显著差异。  相似文献   

4.
合作猪的MHC-DQA基因的适应性变异,其抗原识别区域(即外显子4)通过PCR扩增和随后的单链构象多态性(SSCP)和序列分析,结果显示在439个合作猪个体,SLA-DQA第4外显子检出4个等位基因和6个基因型(AA、BB、DD、AB、AC和AD),其中A等位基因和AA基因型的频率最高,为优势基因和优势基因型。对不同型的PCR-SSCP条带测序分析,发现7个突变位点(5 068 bp T→C,5 109 bp和5 149 bp处缺失C,5 131 bp A→G导致丝氨酸变为甘氨酸,5 135 bp C→T,5 234 bp G→A,5 136 bp处插入A)。遗传学分析发现,合作猪多态信息含量(PIC)为0.240 1,属于低度多态,各种基因型的分布不显著。研究结果证实,合作猪SLA—DQA基因第4外显子为低度多态。  相似文献   

5.
二花脸猪FSHR座位PCR-SSCP标记与产活仔数的关系   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
南京农业大学动物科技学院陈杰等采用PCR—SSCP,即PCR-单链构型多态性作为遗传标记,对二花脸猪促卵泡素受体(FSHR)基因座位与产活仔数性状的关系进行了研究,证明PCR—SSCP分型产生2种等位基因,3种基因型,对不同标记基因型的二花脸猪群头胎产活仔数、头三胎产活仔数之和及最高产活仔数等三  相似文献   

6.
不同猪种E.coli F18受体基因的多态性   总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28  
采用PCR—RFLP技术检测了大约克、长白、杜洛克、宁乡、沙子岭和大围子6个品种共867头猪的E.coli F18受体(ECF18R)基因座的遗传变异。结果表明:Hin6 Ⅰ-RFLP位点上,大约克、长白、杜洛克3个外来猪种均存在多态,且以敏感型(GG型和AG型)居多,平均占94%,3个外来猪种的G等位基因频率平均为0.76,AA抗性型个体占少数,平均为6%,猪群中M307处G→A的突变频率并不高。宁乡、沙子岭和大围子3个本地猪种的所有检测样品都表现为GG型,在该位点上均不存在G→A的突变。各猪种ECF18受体基因座的PCR—RFLP基因型分布X^2检验结果表明,每个外来猪种ECF18受体基因座的PCR—RFLP基因型分布与3个本地猪种的相比均差异显著或极显著,3个本地猪种间的ECF18受体基因座的PCR—RFLP基因型分布完全一致。外来猪种间只有长白与杜洛克各基因型的分布差异显著,其余均不显著。  相似文献   

7.
猪MSTN基因多态性及其SNPs的研究   总被引:39,自引:0,他引:39  
双臀基因 (MSTN)在发育和成熟的骨骼肌中特异表达 ,并对肌肉具有负调控作用。采用PCR SSCP技术研究猪MSTN基因的第 2外显子和第 3外显子区域的DNA多态性。结果发现在两个外显子中均存在PCR SSCP多态性 ,在大白猪中 ,第 2外显子的多态性表现出 3种基因型 (CC、CT和TT) ;第 3外显子的多态性表现出两种基因型(AG和GG)。与猪生产性状进行相关性分析发现 :第 2外显子的多态性与生产性状基本无相关 ,第 3外显子的多态性与猪的背膘厚呈显著性相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ,与瘦肉率相关不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。对具DNA多态性的片段测序分析发现 :位于MSTN基因cDNA序列第 4 80处 (第 2外显子 )发生了单碱基的改变 (G→T)和第 10 0 8处 (第 3外显子 )发生单碱基的改变 (A→G) ,两处碱基的改变均没有导致氨基酸的变化 ,但第 10 0 8处碱基的改变 ,产生了ApaⅠ限制性内切酶位点 ,并建立了以ApaⅠ酶切位点的PCR RFLP分子标记技术  相似文献   

8.
猪MHC-DQB、DRB近端调控区序列及其多态性   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
根据人MHC—DRB和MHC—DQB基因组序列和猪MHC-DRB和MHC-DQB基因外显子1设计引物,应用PCR扩增及克隆测序技术,首次得到了猪MHC-DRB和MHC-DQB基因的5上游近端调控区(URR)序列。分析发现所得序列中存在与MHCⅡ类基因表达调控有关的高度保守的W、X、Y、CCAAT及类TATA调控元件,调控元件的空间组织顺序也与其他物种相应序列的相同。利用SSCP技术在313头猪中共发现12个DRB-URR复等位基因和14个DQB-URR复等位基因,序列比对结果表明在这些复等位基因中存在丰富的多态位点,为进一步深入研究猪MHCⅡ类基因近端调控区的多态性及抗病育种研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

9.
通过利用PCR—RFLP和PCR—SSCP技术对中国地方猪种KIT基因内含子17、18的序列进行多态性分析。结果表明:内含子17上的替换突变(G→A)发生于毛色为白色的个体——白色五指山猪、大白猪、长白猪上,其基因型(AB型)频率分别为1、1和0.8;其他中国地方猪种的此基因型频率均为0。内含子18上的缺失突变(AGTT)也同样发生在上述3个猪种的白色个体中,其基因型(AA型)频率分别为1、1和0.93;而且同样在其他的地方品种中其基因型频率均为0。这充分证明KIT基因对于猪的白毛色有重要的调控作用,而且I基因座对于其他的经典遗传基因座有上位作用。另一方面,中国地方猪种荣昌猪虽然在表型上与引入猪种大白猪、长白猪相似(白毛色),但是在KIT基因上发生的突变完全不同,推测它们分别属于不同的毛色遗传体系。  相似文献   

10.
感染性疾病的病原学诊断仍以微生物的分离培养作为“金标准”,但能培养成功的仅为少数。绕过分离培养环节,以微生物rRNA/rDNA基因作为种属鉴别序列,设计通用引物(universal primer,up),用PCR扩增标本中微生物的16SrRNA或16S~23SrRNA序列,通过毛细管电泳(CE)进行单链构象多态性(SSCP)和限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析,筛选基因的点突变以达到快速鉴定微生物(到属和种)。用PCR—CE—SSCP和PCR—CE—RFLP分析系统检测了呼吸道、消化道、女性生殖道标本中感染的病原菌;用PCR-CE-SSCP系统检测了男性泌尿道溶脲脲原体两个生物群。建立PCR—CE—RFLP分析系统,用非培养法鉴定技术检测脓汁、肠道和泌尿生殖道标本,检测并鉴定了临床标本中的多种病原菌;对人体肠道菌群进行定性和定量分析,用该法可协助腹泻的病原学诊断;检测生殖道常见的致病菌;用PCR—CE—SSCP系统建立了检测溶脲脲原体两个生物群的方法。微生物的非培养鉴定技术比传统方法缩短20h,为临床感染症的诊断提供快速、准确的依据。结果可见,利用16S~23SrRNA间区基因PCR—CE—RFLP和PCR—CE—SSCP系统可以达到对临床常见病原菌的快速种属鉴定,比传统的细菌培养法具有快速、准确、灵敏的优点,可用于临床感染症的病原学诊断。微生物的非培养鉴定技术将替代培养法而成为病原学诊断新的金标准。  相似文献   

11.
目的:克隆壳聚糖酶基因于大肠杆菌中实现高表达,制备壳寡糖。方法:以枯草芽孢杆菌总DNA为模板扩增壳聚糖酶基因(CSN),克隆至载体pET23a(+)上,转化菌株BL21(DE3)。重组子经0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE和质谱检测与鉴定重组酶。酶纯化后水解壳聚糖,薄层色谱分析其水解产物。结果:质谱证明壳聚糖酶(31.5kDa)成功表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的45%左右。纯化后重组酶浓度为900 mg/L,纯度95%、回收率85%,酶活力为10 000 U/mg。壳聚糖降解产物为壳二糖至壳四糖。结论:原核表达载体pET23a(+)-CSN构建正确,壳聚糖酶表达量与活性高,适用于水解壳聚糖制备壳寡糖。  相似文献   

12.
13.
14.
国内外蝗害治理技术现状与展望   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
张龙 《昆虫知识》2011,48(4):804-810
本文首先概述了国内外蝗虫发生与为害的态势,总结了现阶段我国蝗虫发生与为害的主要特点:即农田飞蝗暴发频繁而且严重,草原土蝗的发生时常造成严重的经济损失,而且侵入城市干扰市民生活,我国与周边国家之间蝗虫过境迁移频繁,使用化学农药污染环境和农产品;分析了国内外蝗虫防治对策与技术的发展现状,重点介绍了应急防治和可持续治理对策、...  相似文献   

15.
The synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phospholipids was followed in microsomal and myelin fractions of developing and adult rat brains after an intracerebral injection of [U-14C]serine. The kinetics of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal and myelin cerebrosides indicate the possibility of a precursor-product relationship between cerebrosides of these membranes. The specific radioactivity of myelin cerebrosides was corrected for the deposition of newly formed cerebrosides in myelin. Multiphasic curves were obtained for the decline in specific radioactivity of myelin and microsomal cerebrosides, suggesting different cerebroside pools in these membranes. The half-life of the fast turning-over pool of cerebrosides of myelin was 7 and 22 days for the developing and adult rat brain respectively. The half-life of the slowly turning-over pool of myelin cerebrosides was about 145 days for both groups of animals. The half-life of the rapidly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was calculated to be 20 and 40 h for the developing and adult animals respectively. The half-life of the intermediate and slowly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was 11 and 60 days respectively, for both groups of animals. The amount of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal cerebrosides from L-serine was greatly decreased in the adult animals, and greater amounts of the precursor were directed towards the synthesis of phosphatidylserine. In the developing animals, considerable amounts of cerebrosides were synthesized from L-serine, besides phosphatidylserine. The time-course of incorporation indicated that a precursor-product relationship exists between microsomal and myelin phosphatidylserine. The half-life of microsomal phosphatidylserine was calculated to be about 8 h for the fast turning-over pool in both groups of animals.  相似文献   

16.
Today, serious health problems as overweight and obesity are not just constricted to the developed world, but also increase in the developing countries (Prentice 2006, Ramachandram et al. 2002). Focusing on this issue, BMI and percentage of body fat were compared in 2094 schoolchildren from two cross-sectional studies from India and Germany investigated in 2008 and 2009. The German children are in all age groups significantly taller, whereas the Indian children show higher values in BMI (e.g. 12 years: Indian: around 22 kg/m2; German: around 19 kg/m2) and in the percentage of body fat (e.g. 12 years: Indian: around 27%; German: around 18-20%) in most of the investigated age groups. The Indian children have significantly higher BMI between 10 and 13 (boys) respectively 14 years (girls). Indian children showed significant higher percentage of body fat between 10 and 15 years (boys) and between 8 and 16 years (girls). The difference in overweight between Indian and German children was strongest at 11 (boys) and 12 (girls) years: 70% of the Indian but 20% of the German children were classified as overweight. In countries such as India that undergo nutritional transition, a rapid increase in obesity and overweight is observed. In contrast to the industrialized countries, the risk of overweight in developing countries is associated with high socioeconomic status. Other reasons of the rapid increase of overweight in the developing countries caused by different environmental or genetic factors are discussed.  相似文献   

17.
以白术(Atractylodes macrooephala Koidz.)二倍体组培苗为材料,对其四倍体诱导方法进行研究,共获得45个白术同源四倍体株系,为优良株系的选育提供了材料。此外,还分析比较了其中8个白术四倍体株系与二倍体的过氧化物酶同工酶(POD)的酶谱差异,发现四倍体各株系过氧化物酶同工酶谱比二倍体的均多了Rf0.310的谱带,且总过氧化物酶比活力也发生了很大改变,对探讨白术四倍体优良株系的生理生化机理具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

18.
The molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is essential for accurately identifying organisms and assessing zoonotic transmission. Results of recent molecular epidemiological studies strongly suggest that zoonotic transmission plays an important role in cryptosporidiosis epidemiology. In such cases the most prevalent zoonotic species is Cryptosporidium parvum. Genotyping and subtyping data suggest that zoonotic transmission is not as prevalent in the epidemiology of giardiasis. Molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is a relatively recent application that is evolving as new genes are found that increase the accuracy of identification while discovering a greater diversity of species and yet unnamed taxa within these two important genera. As molecular data accumulate, our understanding of the role of zoonotic transmission in epidemiology and clinical manifestations is becoming clearer.  相似文献   

19.
Enterococcus faecalis was the most frequently isolated enterococcal species from anal swabs and tonsils of dogs and cats, although in the anal samples from dogs Ent. hirae was found almost as often as Ent. faecalis. Most Ent.faecium strains from dog tonsils differed from those associated with humans and other animals in that they fermented sorbitol. Typical Ent. avium as well as atypical Ent. avium -like strains were seen in dogs, while the related species Ent. raffinosus was associated with cat tonsils. Enterococcus cecorum also occurred mainly in cats. Certain atypical strains, presumptively identified as Ent. cecorum , shared characteristics with Ent. columbae.
The most frequent streptococcal species in tonsils of cats and dogs were Streptococcus suis and Strep. canis. Streptococcus canis and Strep. bovis predominated in anal swabs. The canine Strep. suis differed from the common porcine strains in fermenting mannitol.
Forty-seven of the 288 isolates examined could not be identified or related to known species. The characteristics of two groups of these bacteria, provisionally called 'Ton 31 group' and 'O7 group' are described.  相似文献   

20.
The natural products novobiocin and derrubone have both demonstrated Hsp90 inhibition and structure–activity relationships have been established for each scaffold. Given these compounds share several key structural features, we hypothesized that incorporation of elements from each could provide insight to structural features important for Hsp90 inhibition. Thus, chimeric analogues of novobiocin and derrubone were constructed and evaluated. These studies confirmed that the functionality present at the 3-position of the isoflavone plays a critical role in determining Hsp90 inhibition and suggests that the bicyclic ring system present in both novobiocin and derrubone do not share similar modes of binding.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号