夏季南亚热带森林演替中后期优势种幼叶花色素苷的光保护作用

为探讨夏季南亚热带森林演替过程中优势树种幼叶的光保护机制,以演替中期优势树种木荷(Schima superba)、黧蒴(Castanopsis fissa)、锥栗(C.chinensis)和演替后期优势种华润楠(Machilus chinensis)、厚壳桂(Cryptocarya chinensis)、黄果厚壳桂(C.concinna)为材料,分析了2种生长光强(全光照和30%全光照)下6种优势种幼叶和成熟叶的叶片表型、光合色素含量、花色素苷含量、抗氧化能力、类黄酮含量、总酚含量和最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)恢复效率间的差异。结果表明,两个演替阶段幼叶的叶绿素含量(Chl a+b)、Chl a/b比成熟叶低,但光保护物质比成熟叶多;演替中期幼叶的花色素苷含量和总抗氧化能力比演替后期的高,而类黄酮和总酚含量比演替后期的低;全光照下幼叶的总酚、类黄酮、总抗氧化能力及Fv/Fm恢复效率都要比30%全光照的高,并且含有花色素苷的幼叶恢复得更快。因此,植物的光合能力与自身的光保护潜力成反比关系,演替中期优势种幼叶的光保护在很大程度上是因为花色素苷的积累而演替后期优势种是因为自身抗氧化物质(类黄酮、总酚)的共同作用。     

生长环境光强对两种热带雨林树种幼苗光合作用的影响

以西双版纳热带雨林中演替后期种绒毛番龙眼和先锋树种山黄麻为材料 ,于雾凉季测定了不同光强下生长的 2种树苗叶片最大净光合速率 (Pmax)、叶绿素荧光参数以及光合色素含量和比叶重 (L MA) ,探讨了不同生态习性热带雨林树种幼苗对光强的适应及光保护机制。发现在一定光强范围内随生长环境光强的增加 ,2种树苗 L MA、荧光的非化学猝灭 (N PQ)、类胡萝卜素(Car)含量、Car与叶绿素 (Chl)之比升高 ,光饱和点和光补偿点也有随生长环境光强的增大而升高的趋势 ,Chl含量降低 ,2种树苗均能通过形态和生理特性的变化适应不同的光强环境。相同的生长光强下 ,绒毛番龙眼光抑制明显比山黄麻重 ,山黄麻适应强光的能力强。随生长环境光强的增加 ,山黄麻 N PQ增加不显著 ,热耗散较少 ,相同光强下其 Pmax显著高于绒毛番龙眼。绒毛番龙眼则相反 ,其热耗散随生长环境光强的升高显著增多 ,但 Pmax差异不显著。表明先锋种山黄麻主要通过提高 Pmax利用光能防止光合机构光破坏 ,而演替后期种绒毛番龙眼却较大程度通过增强非光化学猝灭来耗散过量光能。上午人为降低光强度对先锋种山黄麻影响不大 ,但可以明显缓解绒毛番龙眼的光抑制 ,表明上午一定程度的遮光 (如有雾 )可减缓绒毛番龙眼光抑制     

高氮和低光强限制南亚热带森林演替树种的光合能量利用

本文利用CO2交换系统和叶绿素荧光方法研究南亚热带森林的阳生或群落演替早期树种荷木（Schima superba）、中生性或群落演替中期树种红椎（Castanopsis hystrix）和耐荫或群落演替后期树种黄果厚壳桂（Cryptocarya concinna）的叶片光合速率和光合能量利用对高氮和光强的响应．3种供试树种在高氮和高光强下（HNHL）植株叶片的净光合速率（Po）比在低氮和高光强（LNHL）下高,低氮限制了高光强下植株叶片的Pn;高氮和低光强下（HNLL）的植株也有明显低的Pn,低光强限制了高氮下植株的Pn．Pn对氮的响应依赖于氮的水平和生长的光强状况．荷木和红椎的HNHL,LNHL和HNLL植株叶片有相似的F＇v/F＇m而黄果厚壳桂HNHL植株的F＇v/F＇m《较LNHL和HNLL高（P〈0．05）．在光强0～1200μmol·photo．m^-2．s^-1,黄果厚壳桂的HNHL植株有高的光化量子产率（△／F＇m）,而这一效应并不反映在阳生树种荷木和中生性树种红椎上．在光强0～2000μmol·photo·m^-2．s^-1,荷木的LNHL植株叶片用于光化反应的吸收光能占18．2％,较HNHL高,并显著高于HNLL（P〈0．05）;红椎的LNHL植株亦有较HNHL和HNLL植株高的光化能量利用,而黄果厚壳桂的HNHL植株的光化能量利用部分则较LNHL和HNLL高．3种供试树种的HNLL植株均有低的光化能量利用和光合电子传递速率．高氮和低光强对耐荫或群落演替的后期树种黄果厚壳桂光合能利用的影响较群落演替的早期树种荷木和中期树种红椎大．在当前氮沉降的持续增高和频繁出现的阴霾或灰霾天气情况下,氮沉降可能会导致南亚热带耐荫性树种的退化,而演替早期树种和中期树种有较好的忍耐性,从而能够竞争到更多的资源成为生态系统的优势种．因此,氮沉降可能导致地带性森林群落退化,也可能会减缓植物群落的正向演替进程．     

森林次生演替优势种苗木的光可塑性比较研究

本文从研究苗木的叶绿素含量和RuBP羧化酶活性随着光环境的变化而发生改变的规律出发,来探讨森林次生演替优势种苗木的光可塑性大小和对弱光环境的适应能力。各种苗木的叶绿素含量都随着光强度变弱而增加,但如果较长时间生长在弱光环境中,由于叶绿素的合成小于分解,其含量也会逐渐变小。不同的演替阶段优势种苗木的叶绿素含量的增加或减少在量上有一定的区别。以叶绿素含量随着光环境变化的测定值为指标,用模糊数学分析的结果表明,苗木的耐荫性大小顺序是演替后期种(黄果厚壳桂Cryptocarya concinna)>演替过渡种(藜蒴 Castanopsis fissa)>演替过渡种(荷木 Schima superba)>演替先锋树种(马尾松Pinus massoniana);且藜蒴和荷木很接近,稍靠近黄果厚壳桂。马尾松和荷木的RuBP羧化酶活性随着生长环境的光强度的增加,其活性有所增加;但黄果厚壳桂的相应值是在每日直照光1h的光环境中最高。除马尾松外,演替过渡种和后期种的苗木都是在每日直照光1 h的光环境中生长最好,这和每日短期照光提高RuBP羧化酶活性的(与没有直照光的环境相比较)同时又不分解叶绿素、不降低其含量有密切的关系。     

鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林凋落物量20年动态研究

 研究了鼎湖山森林生态系统定位研究站20年来对常绿阔叶林凋落物量进行监测所积累的资料,探讨这一地带性植被演替过程中凋落物量动态变化格局及组成特征,并分析了主要优势种凋落叶的变化规律及其与凋落物总量的联系。鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林平均年凋落物量为8.45 t·hm-2,年际波动显著。总体来说年凋落物量呈下降趋势,这与植被所处演替阶段及本身林分特征有关。凋落物的凋落高峰发生在雨季初期（4、5月）和雨季末期（8、9月）。与多数森林不同,鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林各组分凋落物量的比例顺序为叶>花果杂物>枝。其中锥栗(Castanopsis chinensis)、荷木(Schima superba)、厚壳桂(Cryptocarya chinensis)、黄果厚壳桂(C. concinna) 4种优势种20年平均年凋落物量分别为1.86、0.50、0.26、0.40 t·hm-2,合计占凋落叶量的70%左右,它们的动态直接影响着凋落总量变化格局。     

几种南亚热带木本植物光合作用对生长光强的响应

分别将马尾松（Pinus massoniana）、黧蒴（Castanopsis fissa）、荷木（Schima superba）、黄果厚壳桂（Cryptocarya concinna）的幼苗置于100％自然光和32％自然光下生长6个月,测定它们的光强-光合反应曲线和叶绿素荧光的某些参数。结果表明,在100％光下,马尾松有最高的最大光合速率（Pmax）、光饱和点（LSP）、光补偿点（LCP）、暗呼吸（Rd）、表观量子效率（AQY）和总电子传递速率（JF）,光化学猝灭（qP）也最大。而黄果厚壳棒有最大的分配到光呼吸的电子流比率（JO/JF）。100％光下AQY的大小顺序为：马尾松〉黧蒴〉荷木〉黄果厚壳桂,32％光下AQY的顺序则相反。这说明群落早期演替的先锋树种马尾松属于强阳生性树种,具有适应强光的特点,而处于群落演替项级阶段的优势种黄果厚壳梓则能更加充分利用低光生长环境中的光强,同时也可通过提高电子流向光呼吸分配的比例来避免自然光环境中强光的伤害。     

鼎湖山森林群落不同演替阶段优势种叶生态解剖特征研究

对南亚热带鼎湖山森林群落不同演替阶段8种优势树种进行了叶生态解剖学研究。观察的叶片解剖特征有：叶腹角质膜厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、叶背角质膜厚度及叶总厚度等。马尾松（Pinus massoniana)在针叶林群落和针阔叶混交林群落生境中,针阔叶混交林中叶片厚度变小,主脉管胞、树脂道平均直径变小。从针阔叶混交林演替阶段到季风常绿阔叶林演替阶段,锥栗（Castanopsis chinensis)叶片厚度、海绵组织厚度增加,栅栏组织厚度、P／S值（栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比）减少;荷木（Schima superba)和黄果厚桂（Cryptocarya concinna)叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、叶腹及叶背角质膜厚度差异显著;从针阔叶混交林演替阶段到季风常绿阔叶林演替阶段,锥栗、荷木、黄果厚寺叶片厚度和栅栏组织厚度等差异均显著。不同生境下林内气温、相对湿度、光合有效辐射等小气候特征是叶片结构特征差异的主要影响因子,叶片结构差异反映了叶片结构在一定程度上对生境的适应。     

模拟氮沉降对三种南亚热带树苗生长和光合作用的影响

探讨了 3种南亚热带优势树种荷木 (Schima superba)、锥栗 (Castanopsis chinensis)和黄果厚壳桂 (Cryptocarya concinna)的幼苗对模拟氮沉降增加的响应。实验分为对照组 A和处理组 B、C、D和 E,分别以 NH4 NO3形式人为喷施 0、5、10、15和 30g N/ (m2 · a)。研究结果表明 ,高氮处理组的幼苗生长逐渐受到抑制 ,而中氮处理则大大促进了幼苗的生长。经过 7个月的处理 ,3种树苗的净光合速率呈现出随氮处理水平增加而先增加后减小的特点 ,即 C组的净光合速率最高 ,而 D组则开始下降。荷木幼苗的水分利用效率和锥栗幼苗的气孔导度的变化趋势与净光合速率一样 ,但黄果厚壳桂幼苗的气孔导度和水分利用效率及荷木幼苗气孔导度各处理间差异不明显。荷木和黄果厚壳桂幼苗的光合色素含量随处理水平增加而增加 ,锥栗幼苗的 Chl a和 Chl(a b)含量以 B组最高 ,总体趋势呈现出随处理水平先增加后减小的特点 ,但类胡萝卜素随处理水平增加而增加     

光照强度对广西地不容光合特性和生长的影响

以盆栽当年生广西地不容为材料,研究不同光照强度(100%、50%、30%和15%自然光强)对其光合特性和生长的影响。结果表明:随着光照强度的降低,广西地不容最大净光合速率(P_(max))、光饱和点(LSP)、光补偿点(LCP)先减小,而后稍有增大;表观量子效率(AQY)在30%和50%光强下显著高于100%和15%光强处理;叶片叶绿素总量(Chl)、叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)、类胡萝卜素(Car)含量随光强的减弱而增大,Car/Chl随光强的减弱而减小,Chla/Chlb比值在各处理间无显著差异;单叶面积随生长光强的减弱而增大,比叶重(LMA)则随着生长光强的减弱而减小;30%光强下广西地不容块根生物量最高,光照过强和过弱都不利于其生物量的积累。广西地不容对光强的适应范围较广,但光照过强或过荫均对生长造成不良影响,光合速率降低,生长减缓,块根生物量积累下降,30%光强是其当年生苗生长的最佳光强。     

适度高温下亚热带阔叶树种叶片的光合速率和吸收光能的分配

 利用光合作用测定系统（Li-COR 6400和叶室荧光仪）,测定了亚热带阔叶树种的光合速率和荧光参数,分析了38 ℃适度高温对叶片光合作用 和吸收光能分配的影响。测试树种包括华南亚热带地区常见的阳生性树种木荷（Schima superba）、耐荫树种黄果厚壳桂（Cryptocarya concinna）和中生性树种红锥（Castanopsis hystrix）。适度高温处理均引起 所有树种的光合能力下降,而且木荷和红锥下降的程度比黄果 厚壳桂明显。与25 ℃的对照温度相比,适度高温处理的木荷叶片用于光化学反应所消耗的光能下降,红锥和黄果厚壳桂也有相似的反应,表明 适度高温限制叶片用于光化学反应的吸收光能。无论哪个树种,38 ℃适度高温处理的植物,叶片总吸收光能中额外多余的那部分和处于非活化 状态PSⅡ所吸收的那部分光能都增加,而且黄果厚壳桂比木荷和红锥显著,因此,亚热带阔叶森林的树种对适度高温的响应因种类而异。研究 结果意味着将来气候变化导致温度的上升对演替后期树种黄果厚壳桂的光合过程的限制比演替早期的树种木荷和中生性树种红锥会更严重。     

Spectral reflectance indices and pigment functions during leaf ontogenesis in six subtropical landscape plants

Pigment combinations are regulated during leaf ontogenesis. To better understand pigment function, alterations in chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin concentrations were investigated during different leaf development stages in six subtropical landscape plants, namely Ixora chinensis Lam, Camellia japonica Linn, Eugenia oleina Wight, Mangifera indica L., Osmanthus fragrans Lowr and Saraca dives Pierre. High concentrations of anthocyanin were associated with reduced chlorophyll in juvenile leaves. As leaves developed, the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid) of all six species increased while anthocyanin concentration declined. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging of Φ_PSII (effective quantum yield of PSII) and of NPQ (non-photochemical fluorescence quenching) and determination of electron transport rate-rapid light curve (RLC) showed that maximum ETR (leaf electron transport rate), Φ_PSII and the saturation point in RLC increased during leaf development but declined as they aged. Juvenile leaves displayed higher values of NPQ and Car/Chl ratios than leaves at other developmental stages. Leaf reflectance spectra (400–800 nm) were measured to provide an in vivo non-destructive assessment of pigments in leaves during ontogenesis. Four reflectance indices, related to pigment characters, were compared with data obtained quantitatively from biochemical analysis. The results showed that the ARI (anthocyanin reflectance index) was linearly correlated to anthocyanin concentration in juvenile leaves, while a positive correlation of Chl NDI (chlorophyll normalized difference vegetation index) to chlorophyll a concentration was species dependent. Photosynthetic reflectance index was not closely related to Car/Chl ratio, while a structural-independent pigment index was not greatly altered by leaf development or species. Accordingly, it is suggested that the high concentration of anthocyanin, higher NPQ and Car/Chl ratio in juvenile leaves are important functional responses to cope with high radiation when the photosynthetic apparatus is not fully developed. Another two leaf reflectance indices, ARI and Chl NDI, are valuable for in vivo pigment evaluation during leaf development.     

Light acclimation of four native tree species in felling gaps within a tropical mountain rainforest

Ecuadorian mountain rainforests are declining dramatically due to deforestation. Exploitation of remaining forests has led to low abundances of native, valuable timber species. Enrichment planting of selected native tree species into forest gaps is a strategy that may increase their abundance and maintain biodiversity. However, the development of successful planting strategies requires knowledge of environmental demands on, and ecological requirements of, native species during their establishment. This knowledge is currently lacking for mid- and late-successional species in Central American forests. Two deciduous, mid-successional (Cedrela montana, Tabebuia chrysantha) and two evergreen, late-successional native tree species (Nectandra membranacea, Podocarpus sprucei) were planted into felling gaps. Photosynthetic performance and growth in height of these species were assessed along light gradients during seedling establishment to test whether species-specific light responses were related to plant successional traits. Both mid-successional species benefited from higher light levels in gaps up to 30% canopy openness_60°. In larger gaps, C. montana exhibited a significant decline in growth. As expected, growth of the late-successional species was only marginally increased at higher light levels. Nevertheless, the photosynthetic apparatus of N. membranacea displayed rapid acclimation to higher light conditions in gaps. Plant response to felling gaps may not always be predicted based on successional status. Our results suggest that the four investigated species may coexist in the same gap by occupying different niches along light gradients. This arrangement may offer an ecological basis to increase the abundance of valuable timber species through enrichment planting in Ecuador mountain rainforests.     

Changes in Photosystem Ⅱ Activity and Leaf Reflectance Features of Several Subtropical Woody Plants Under Simulated SO2 Treatment

The effects of simulated SO2 treatment on the photosynthetic apparatus were investigated in five subtropical forest plants, namely Plnus massonlana Lamb., Schlma superba Gardn. et Champ., Castanopsls flssa （Champ. ex Benth.） Rehd. et Wils., Acmena acuminatissima （BI.） Merr et Perry, and Cryptocarya concinna Hance. After leaf sections had been immersed in 0, 20, 50, and 100 mmol/L NaHSO3 for 20 h, total chlorophyll （Chl） content, Chl a/b, maximal photochemical efficiency, and the photochemical quantum yields of photosystem Ⅱ of all five woody plants were reduced to different degrees, whereas lutein content （Chl base） was increased. Two protective mechanisms, namely the xanthophyll cycle （de-epoxidation） and an anti-oxidant system （1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging capacity）, showed differences in the degree of modulation under simulated SO2 treatment. Compared with control （distilled water treatment）, the revised normalized difference vegetation index, a leaf reflectance index, was lowered with Increasing concentrations of NaHSO3. Cryptocarya conclnna, a dominant species in the late succession stage of subtropical forests in South China, exhibited less sensitivity to NaHSO3. Conversely, Pinus massonlana, the pioneer hellophyte species, was most susceptible to NaHSO3 treatment. It Is suggested that SO2 pollution may accelerate the succession of subtropical forest.     

Variations in light energy dissipation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Woodfordia fruticosa</Emphasis> leaves during expansion

Young leaves of tropical trees frequently appear red in color, with the redness disappearing as the leaves mature. During leaf expansion, plants may employ photoprotective mechanisms to cope with high light intensities; however, the variations in anthocyanin contents, nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), and photorespiration during leaf expansion are poorly understood. Here, we investigated pigment contents, gas exchange, and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence in Woodfordia fruticosa leaves during their expansion. Young red leaves had significantly lower Chl content than that of expanding or mature leaves, but they accumulated significantly higher anthocyanins and dissipated more excited light energy through NPQ. As the leaves matured, net photosynthetic rate, total electron flow through PSII, and electron flow for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate oxygenation gradually increased. Our results provided evidence that photorespiration is of fundamental importance in regulating the photosynthetic electron flow and CO₂ assimilation during leaf expansion.     

Secondary succession of plant communities in a subtropical mountainous region of SW China

Since 1985, originally forested mountainous areas of China have been allowed to return to their natural state after years of exploitation including agriculture, development, and logging. The reforms began earlier in less accessible locations, so that today the successional process is more advanced there. The vegetation in Luquan, Qiongzhusi, and Xishan near Kunming, central Yunnan, exhibits, in a limited area, a range of stages of plant succession that are widely encountered throughout the broader region, and thus affords a special opportunity for a comprehensive study. We analyzed the successional sequence of these various plant communities. They ranged from pioneer coniferous and/or pioneer deciduous broad-leaved stands to pre-mature semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved stands, through mixed coniferous and broad-leaved or mixed deciduous and evergreen broad-leaved stands. The succession proceeded from pioneer coniferous Pinus and Keteleeria, and deciduous Platycarya and Alnus, to late-successional evergreen broad-leaved Cyclobalanopsis and Castanopsis. Two regeneration types of woody species in either the early successional (15–50 years), the mid-successional (40–80 years), or the late-successional (80–180 years) stage were classified. Relatively high species diversity was found in the seral phase at the three study sites. The late-successional stage was commonest where human disturbance was least evident. Poor soil chemical properties under pioneer Pinus were seen as a limitation to plant growth, while the abundance of Alnus at the early stage led to an improved level of organic matter and nitrogen.     

Leaf development and photosynthetic properties of three tropical tree species with delayed greening

Leaf developmental patterns were characterized for three tropical tree species with delayed greening. Changes in the pigment contents, photosynthetic capacity, stomata development, photosystem 2 efficiency, rate of energy dissipation, and the activity of partial protective enzymes were followed in developing leaves in an attempt to elucidate the relative importance of various photoprotective mechanisms during leaf ontogeny. Big leaves of Anthocephalus chinensis, a fast-growing light demanding species, expanded following an exponential pattern, while relatively small leaves of two shade-tolerant species Litsea pierrei and Litsea dilleniifolia followed a sigmoidal pattern. The juvenile leaves of A. chinensis and L. pierrei contained anthocyanin located below the upper epidermis, while L. dilleniifolia did not contain anthocyanin. Leaves of A. chinensis required about 12 d for full leaf expansion (FLE) and photosynthetic development was delayed 4 d, while L. pierrei and L. dilleniifolia required 18 or 25 d for FLE and photosynthetic development was delayed 10 or 15 d, respectively. During the leaf development the increase in maximum net photosynthetic rate was significantly related to changes in stomatal conductance and the leaf maturation period was positively related to the steady-state leaf dry mass per area for the three studied species. Dark respiration rate of leaves at developing stages was greater, and pre-dawn initial photochemical efficiency was lower than that of mature leaves. Young leaves displayed greater energy dissipation than mature leaves, but nevertheless, the diurnal photoinhibition of young L. dilleniifolia leaves was higher than that of mature leaves. The young red leaves of A. chinensis and L. pierrei with high anthocyanin contents and similar diurnal photoinhibition contained more protective enzymes (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase) than mature leaves. Consequently, red leaves may have higher antioxidant ability.     

Responses of communities of tropical tree species to elevated CO2 in a forest clearing

Communities of ten species of tropical forest tree seedlings from three successional classes were grown at ambient and elevated CO₂ in large open-top chambers on the edge of a forest in Panamá. Communities grew from 20?cm to approximately 2?m in height in 6 months. No enhancements in plant biomass accumulation occurred under elevated CO₂ either in the whole communities or in growth of individual species. Reductions in leaf area index under elevated CO₂ were observed, as were decreases in leaf nitrogen concentrations and increases in the C:N ratio of leaf tissue. Species tended to respond individualistically to elevated CO₂, but some generalizations of how successional groupings responded could be made. Early and mid-successional species generally showed greater responses to elevated CO₂ than late-successional species, particularly with respect to increases in photosynthetic rates and leaf starch concentrations, and reductions in leaf area ratio. Late-successional species showed greater increases in C:N ratios in response to elevated CO₂ than did other species. Our results indicate that there may not be an increase in the growth of regenerating tropical forest under elevated CO₂, but that there could be changes in soil nutrient availability because of reductions in leaf tissue quality, particularly in late-successional species.     

Effects of canopy gaps on the growth of tree seedlings from subtropical broad-leaved evergreen forests of southern China

Seedling performance, morphology, and leaf characteristics of evergreen tree species from different successional stages of Chinese broadleaved evergreen forests were studied in four simulated gap environments: in 100, 55, 33, and 18% of full sunlight. The first two represent the light regimes of clearings (gaps secondarily become more open due to human activity and natural erosion). The hypothesis was tested that early-successional species achieve their greatest seedling size in clearings and contrast in this respect with late-successional species. Late-successional species were expected to show a stronger morphological response (leaf/root ratio) to clearings than early-successional ones. The results provided some evidence in support of these hypotheses with one exception, namely that late-successional Castanopsis fargesii appeared to be a highly sun-tolerant species. It is suggested that Castanopsis seedlings are competitive in large gaps and clearings.     

竹柏2种颜色叶片的光合特性研究

为了解竹柏(Podocarpus nagi)的光合特性,以3 a生全绿叶和花叶竹柏为材料,测定其光合色素含量和气体交换参数。结果表明,全绿叶竹柏叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、叶绿素a+b、叶绿素a/b和叶绿素a+b/类胡萝卜素均显著高于花叶竹柏;全绿叶竹柏叶片的初始量子效率、最大光合速率和暗呼吸速率均显著高于花叶,而光饱和点和光补偿点均显著低于花叶;全绿叶竹柏叶片的初始羧化效率、光合速率、CO2饱和点和光呼吸速率均高于花叶,而CO2补偿点低于花叶。2种颜色叶片的气孔导度、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率均随着光合有效辐射的增大而增大,且均表现为全绿叶花叶,而胞间CO2浓度则相反,表现为花叶全绿叶。因此,全绿叶竹柏利用弱光的能力强于花叶竹柏,而花叶竹柏利用强光的能力更强,在园林绿化配置中,可根据2种颜色叶片的光合特性合理配置。