垂枝斑叶兰，中国大陆兰科植物新记录

垂枝斑叶兰（Goodyera pendula Maxim．）,先前只报道于日本和中国台湾,在大陆首次发现。该种的显著特点：植株在树干上附生,花序下垂后再上升,呈“L”型,花序密被腺毛,花朵密集,生于一侧,不完全开张。凭证标本保存在中国科学院华南植物园标本馆（IBSC）。     

垂枝斑叶兰，中国大陆兰科植物新记录

垂枝斑叶兰(Goodyera pendula Maxim.),先前只报道于日本和中国台湾,在大陆首次发现。这个种的显著特点：植株在树干上附生,花序下垂后再上升,呈“L”型,花序密被腺毛,花朵密集,生于一侧,不完全开张。凭证标本保存在中国科学院华南植物园标本馆（IBSC）。     

浙江兰科新记录属——对叶兰属

在对浙江景宁县望东垟高山湿地自然保护区植物资源考察中,发现了浙江兰科Orchidaceae新地理分布属、种--对叶兰属Listera R. Br.日本对叶兰Listera japonica,引证标本存于浙江农林大学植物标本馆（ZJFC）。     

斑叶兰的组织培养

1 植物名称斑叶兰（Goodyera schlechtendalianaRchh．f．）。 2 材料类别 茎段。     

中国大陆兰科植物新记录种——南湖斑叶兰

报道中国大陆兰科植物新记录种——南湖斑叶兰,并提供该种详细解剖照片.该种原记录为台湾特有种,叶片小且中脉白绿色是本种明显的鉴别特征.     

斑叶兰自然种群生物量生殖分配研究

(1.井冈山学院生命科学学院,江西吉安343009;2.西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715)斑叶兰开花前各构件的生物量在总生物量中所占比例具有明显差异,且在生境间具显著差异。在柳杉林中,茎构件所占比例显著高于其它构件的比例;其它生境中正常叶的比例显著高于同生境下其它构件的比例。花期,斑叶兰茎和叶构件所占比例最大,其中仅在灌丛中正常叶构件分配比例略大于其茎构件的,但二者差异不显著;生殖构件中,花瓣所占比例最大;除花托叶(p=0.002)外,其余生殖构件的分配比例在生境之间的差异均不显著;合蕊柱在各群落生境中的分配比例差异极小,几乎是恒定的。斑叶兰的生物量生殖分配表现出随分布群落演替阶段的提高而下降的趋势,即竹林>人工柳杉林>灌丛>混交林;其生殖分配在20·35%~28.90%之间,而以干重计算则为21.09%~31.80%之间,明显高于其它一些多年生植物的(0%~20%),而表现出一年生植物的生殖分配特性。     

孟连苞叶兰(兰科)的重新发现与形态特征增补

孟连苞叶兰(Brachycorythis menglianensis)自2001年发表以来,再也没有被发现和记录过。由于能够用于分类学参考的仅为模式标本和依据标本绘制的素描图,加之原始文献的描述不够细致,以致于Henrik Æ Pedersen将其作为长叶苞叶兰(B. henryi)的异名处理。时隔十五年后,我们在该种的模式产地进行野外兰科植物考察时,有幸重新发现了该种。通过对其新鲜带花植株的详细比对之后,发现孟连苞叶兰与长叶苞叶兰在形态上具有明显的差异,如孟连苞叶兰叶片卵圆形,叶片大小(2.5- 4.7 × 1.7-2.3 cm)、唇瓣密被疣状突起且先端缺刻或2裂等特征,明显有别于长叶苞叶兰。因此,在该研究中支持孟连苞叶兰的分类学地位,同时对该种的形态特征、生境以及生存现状等信息进行了增补。     

中国胡颓子属（胡颓子科）六个植物名称后选模式指定

根据保存于中国科学院华南植物园植物标本馆（IBSC）、中国科学院植物研究所植物标本馆（PE）和四川大学生命科学学院植物标本馆（SZ）复份标本的研究,对中国胡颓子科(Elaeagnaceae)胡颓子属(Elaeagnus)的6个植物名称作出后选模式指定。     

五个国产双子叶植物名称的后选模式指定

查阅保存于中国科学院植物研究所标本馆（PE）的壳斗科(Fagaceae)、罂粟科(Papaveraceae)、山柑科(Capparidaceae)和十字花科(Cruciferae)植物的模式标本时,发现有5个植物名称的模式均多于1份标本,或同时引证1号以上的标本而没指定模式,根据《国际植物命名法规》(维也纳法规)规则8.1、9.9、9.10和37.2,以及辅则9A.2和9A.3的精神,对这些名称做出后选模式指定。     

国产玄参科14个植物名称后选模式指定

在保存于中国科学院植物研究所标本馆(PE)的玄参科植物模式标本中,根据《国际植物命名法规》(维也纳法规)规则9.4和37注释1,发现有14个中国植物名称的模式为合模式。遵照规则8.1、9.9和9.10,以及辅则9A.2和9A.3,对这14个名称做出后选模式指定。     

多叶斑叶兰繁育系统与传粉生物学研究

为探讨多叶斑叶兰(Goodyera folisa)的繁育系统与传粉生物学特征,对其开花物候、花粉活力与柱头可授性、人工授粉、花的挥发性成分以及昆虫传粉行为进行了研究。结果表明,多叶斑叶兰的唇瓣黄色,萼片白色或白色带红褐色;单花花期为(9.4±0.8)d;花粉在开花后第1天具备活力,柱头在开花后第2天具备可授性,花粉活力和柱头可授性都在开花后第5天达到峰值。去雄套袋和不去雄套袋都不能结实,人工自花授粉、同株异花授粉和异株异花授粉的结实率分别为93.3%、95.0%和96.7%,自然结实率为43.3%。花朵的主要挥发性成分为1-辛烯-3-醇、3-辛醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。多叶斑叶兰传粉者为中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana)。多叶斑叶兰具有自交亲和能力,但在自然界不具有主动自交现象,必须依赖中华蜜蜂传粉,花色及花香气味为吸引传粉者的主要因素。     

金线莲HPLC指纹图谱研究

以14批不同来源金线莲药材为原料,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),乙腈-甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,建立栽培及野生金线莲(Anoectochilus roxburgii)的指纹图谱,结合相似度分析,探讨金线莲与银线莲(Goodyera hachijoensis)的差异。结果表明,金线莲HPLC指纹图谱标定了24个共有峰,并指认了金线莲苷和葫芦巴碱、鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素、山柰酚、异鼠李素、Batatasin-Ⅲ等6个共有峰。除3批药材外,其余11批相似度均高于0.910,相似度总体较好。银线莲图谱相似度仅达0.529、0.721、0.698,均低于14批金线莲样品间的相似度。根据相似度评价,认为金线莲与银线莲存在差异,该结果可为分析评价金线莲与银线莲差异提供参考。     

大花斑叶兰种子无菌萌发及快繁技术研究

对大花斑叶兰（Goodyera biflora）成熟种子无菌萌发、原球茎分化及根诱导进行了研究。结果表明：黑暗或弱光照培养有利于大花斑叶兰种子萌发,而较强的光照对形成健壮的原球茎有利;1/2MS＋NAA0.2mg/L培养基较为适合大花斑叶兰种子的萌发;MS＋KT1.0mg/L＋NAA0.5mg/L＋活性炭2.0g/L对原球茎增殖形成类原球茎有较好效果;1/2MS＋6-BA2.0mg/L＋NAA0.5mg/L＋2.0g/L活性炭对根诱导效果较为理想。     

Studies on the Ontogeny of the Pollinium of Goodyera Procera

Using light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, the development of the pollinium of Goodyera procera (Ker-Gawler) Hooker. was investigated. At the early stage, sporogenous cells inside the microsporangium were seen grouping together into small aggregates each containing few cells. After the aggregates have formed the sporogenous cells inside the aggregates (which could now be called massulae) divide to form numerous pollen mother cells. Later, the pollen mother cells undergo meiosis to form tetrads. The pattern of formation of the exine of tetrads varies according to the location of the tetrads inside the micro- sporangium. Those tetrads that are situated near the outer region of the massulae can form: exine with well developed tectum, bacula and foot layer; and the sequence of events leading to the formation of this type of well developed exine is as follows the original wall and the cyto- plasmic channels associated with the wall become surrounded by a thick layer of callose thus isolating the wall from the plasmalemma. Near the plasmalemma a layer of primexine containing callose and cellulose begins to form. Later, the primexine develops into exine and between the exine and plasmalemma a layer of intine is laid down. Similar type of exine with well developed tectum, bacula and foot layer, is also present in tetrads facing the tapetum. But in this case the original wall of the tedtrad is not retained but undergoes dissolution and in its place a new exine formed. The pattern of formation of exine in the region between tetrads is even more different. Here the original wall also undergoes dissolution but instead of forming a proper exine it only forms a thin foot layer with bulges at places. The pattern of formation of the exine in the cells inside the tetrad is even more different. Here the original wall of the cells only undergoes partial dissolution. The loose fibrils of the partially dissolved wall then become mixed with the callose layer surrounding the cell. Inside this wall-fibril/callose mixture thin sheets of exine appear, but these thin sheets of exine do not develop further into tectum or bacula. In Goodyera a quite substantial amount of callose is retained in the regions between massulae and tetrads, and we believe that it is this callose which is holding the massulae and tetrads together to form pollinium.     

Mycorrhizal acquisition of inorganic phosphorus by the green-leaved terrestrial orchid Goodyera repens

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Mycorrhizal fungi play a vital role in providing a carbon subsidy to support the germination and establishment of orchids from tiny seeds, but their roles in adult orchids have not been adequately characterized. Recent evidence that carbon is supplied by Goodyera repens to its fungal partner in return for nitrogen has established the mutualistic nature of the symbiosis in this orchid. In this paper the role of the fungus in the capture and transfer of inorganic phosphorus (P) to the orchid is unequivocally demonstrated for the first time. METHODS: Mycorrhiza-mediated uptake of phosphorus in G. repens was investigated using spatially separated, two-dimensional agar-based microcosms. RESULTS: External mycelium growing from this green orchid is shown to be effective in assimilating and transporting the radiotracer (33)P orthophosphate into the plant. After 7 d of exposure, over 10 % of the P supplied was transported over a diffusion barrier by the fungus and to the plants, more than half of this to the shoots. CONCLUSIONS: Goodyera repens can obtain significant amounts of P from its mycorrhizal partner. These results provide further support for the view that mycorrhizal associations in some adult green orchids are mutualistic.