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1.
Sudhamoy Mandal Adinpunya Mitra Nirupama Mallick 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(5):795-802
Major cell wall-bound phenolic compounds were detected and identified in roots of tomato at different stages of growth. Alkaline
hydrolysis of the cell wall material of the root tissues yielded ferulic acid as the major bulk of the phenolic compounds.
Other phenolic compounds identified were 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin and 4-coumaric
acid. All the six phenolic acids were higher in very early stage of plant growth. Ferulic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and
4-coumaric acid exhibited a decreasing trend up to 60 days and then the content of these phenolic acids increased somewhat
steadily towards the later stage of growth. Total phenolics, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and peroxidase (POD)
activity were in tandem match with the occurrence pattern of the phenolic acids. Ferulic acid showed highest antifungal activity
against tomato wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The results of this study may be interpreted to seek an explanation for high susceptibility of tomato plants at flowering
stage to Fusarium wilt. It may also be concluded that greater amounts of ferulic acid in combination with other phenolics and higher level
of PAL and POD activities after 60 days of growth may have a role in imparting resistance against Fusarium wilt at a late stage of plant growth. 相似文献
2.
T. Hura F. Dubert T. Dąbkowska E. Stupnicka-Rodzynkiewicz A. Stokłosa A. Lepiarczyk 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2006,28(6):537-545
The purpose of this study was to determine the content of selected phenolic compounds in white mustard, buckwheat, spring
barley, oat and rye grown under field conditions. Moreover, the allelopathic efficiency of these compounds was evaluated by
sensitivity of Echinochloa crus-galli. The aromatic acids: trans-cinnamic, salicylic, ferulic, chlorogenic, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, p-coumaric and vanillic were separated from
crop plants by TLC and determined spectrophotometrically.
Differences in concentrations of analysed compounds were observed for most of the examined plant species. The highest concentration
was noticed for cinnamic acid and ranged from 360 μg·g−1 DW in rye to 2770 μg·g−1 DW in spring barley. The relatively high concentration was noticed for ferulic acid (from 73.8 μg·g−1 DW in buckwheat to 1046 μg·g−1 DW in spring barley) and p-coumaric acid (from 50 μg·g−1 DW in oat to 1499 μg·g−1 DW in buckwheat). The observed differences in the phenolics content between two successive vegetation seasons can reflect
the effect of abiotic and biotic environmental factors on the phenolics level in studied plants.
In the greenhouse experiment the effect of particular compounds on the growth of Echinochloa crus-galli was also studied. It has been found that the examined phenolics, and especially trans-cinnamic acid and mixture of phenolic compounds, significantly inhibit the growth of Echinochloa crus-galli. The obtained results may contribute to the explanation of the biological activity of some phenolic compounds. 相似文献
3.
Genetic and Phytochemical Analysis to Evaluate the Diversity and Relationships of Mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.‐Hil.) Elite Genetic Resources in a Germplasm Collection 下载免费PDF全文
Juliana Cristhina Friedrich Adriana Gonela Maria Celeste Gonçalves Vidigal Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho José Alfredo Sturion Euclides Lara Cardozo Junior 《化学与生物多样性》2017,14(3)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical and genetic diversity, relationships and identification of mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St .‐Hil .) elite genetic resources belonging to the Brazilian germplasm collection and mate breeding program. Mate has been studied due to the presence of phytochemical compounds, especially methylxanthines and phenolic compounds. The samples were collected from the leaves of 76 mate elite genetic resources (16 progenies × 5 localities). Total DNA was extracted from mate leaves and 20 random primers were used for DNA amplification. Methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine) and phenolic compounds (chlorogenic, neochlorogenic, and criptochlorogenic acids) were quantified by HPLC. The genetic divergence estimated was higher within (92%) than among (8%) the different populations. Analysis of genetic distance between origins provided the formation of two groups by UPGMA cluster analysis, with higher polymorphism (94.9%). The average content of caffeine ranged from 0.01 to 1.38% and theobromine of 0.10 – 0.85% (w/w). The caffeoylquinic acids concentrations (1.43 – 5.38%) showed a gradient 3‐CQA > 5‐CQA > 4‐CQA. The coefficient of genetic variation (CVg) was of low magnitude for all mono‐caffeoylquinics acids. Significant correlations (positive and negative) were observed between the phytochemical compounds. Genetic diversity analysis performed by RAPD markers showed a greater intra‐populational diversity; genetic resources with low caffeine and higher theobromine content were identified and can be used in breeding programs; the correlation between methylxanthines and phenolic compounds can be used as a good predictor in future studies. 相似文献
4.
We studied the alterations in phenolic compounds in grape seeds during their stratification and germination under optimal
conditions (+25 °C) and at low temperature (+10 °C). Biological materials in the study were seeds of Vitis riparia. Phenolic compounds were extracted from defatted seeds using 80 % methanol or 80 % acetone. The content of total phenolics
was determined with the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, while the content of tannins was determined by vanillin assay and the protein
(BSA) precipitation method. The RP-HPLC method was used to determine phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, catechins) in the
extracts. High amounts of tannins, catechins, gallic acid and lesser amounts of p-coumaric acid were found in the seeds. The content of total phenolics in acetone extracts was higher than that obtained using
methanol. The amounts of phenolic acids and tannins found in V. riparia seeds after stratification were much lower. It may confirm a possible role of these compounds in dormancy of V. riparia seeds. After 72 h of low temperature treatment, inhibition of grape root growth and biochemical changes in seeds were detected.
The chilling stimulated increased accumulation of some phenolic compounds (free gallic acid and catechins) in the seeds. These
substances can protect plants against some abiotic stressors. 相似文献
5.
连作障碍与根际微生态研究Ⅱ.根系分泌物与酚酸物质 总被引:69,自引:6,他引:63
阐述了作物主要根系分泌物与作物种类、生长期以及与所处环境的关系。并从植物的残体分解、作物根系的分泌等方面论述了土壤中酚酸物质的来源、存在形态、吸附机理及其对作物生长发育与土壤生物活性的影响与机制。 相似文献
6.
Fractional changes in phenolic acids composition in root nodules of Arachis hypogaea L. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phenolic acids are active antimicrobial compounds and root signaling molecules that play important roles in plant defense
responses. They are generally present in plants as glycosides or esters. A range of soluble and bound phenolic acids were
detected in roots and root nodules of Arachis hypogaea L., among which five were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with UV–Vis diode array detector
(DAD), viz., p-coumaric acid (p-com), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBAld), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), caffeic acid (CA) and protocatechuic acid (PA). Para-coumaric acid was constitutively present
in all fractions whereas HBA was present in the soluble form only in young nodules. CA and PA were mostly present in the wall
bound fraction. The root nodules contain higher concentration of phenolic acids than non-nodulated roots and presence of peroxidase
and polyphenol oxidase indicate the metabolism of phenolic acids in roots and root nodules. These results indicate that phenolic
acids (p-com and CA) in bound-glycosidic or ester forms were major components in cell wall fortification which provide protection
to the root nodule from pathogen attack. 相似文献
7.
Dinesh Prasad Amitabh Singh K. P. Singh Suman Bist Aparna Tewari 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(7):615-623
The present study was conducted in the hill station of G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Ranichauri, Uttarakhand, which is known for its diversity in medicinal and aromatic plants. The plant geranium, also known as rose or lemon geranium is highly valued for its essential oil which is used in the cosmetic and preferring industries. The plant suffers due to stem and root rot both during summer and winter seasons. In the present study, geranium plants showed maximum stem rot incidence (60.55%) and plant mortality (17.20%) during the winter season, whereas in summer the crops showed maximum root rot and wilt complex incidence (38.33%) with plant mortality up to (12.22%). The average stem rot mortality was comparatively low (16–20%) in summer but increased to 18–26% in winter crop. Several phenolic acids such as as tannic, gallic, caffeic, ferulic and benzoic were detected by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in variable amounts in these plants. The disease intensity varied from 97.77 to 92.46% from season to season. The significance of the phenolic compounds is discussed in relation to disease prevalence. 相似文献
8.
Stanisław Weidner Magdalena Karamać Ryszard Amarowicz Ewa Szypulska Aleksandra Gołgowska 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2007,29(3):283-290
The research focused on the changes of phenolic compounds as well as their antiradical activity and reducing power isolated
from Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) seeds during germination under optimal conditions and under osmotic stress. The seeds were found to contain tannins, (+)
catechin, (−) epicatechin, and gallic acid (in free, ester- and glycoside-bound forms). Extracts from the seeds were also
shown to contain two other phenolic acids: caffeic and p-coumaric acids, in very low levels. During a 3-day seed germination test under osmotic stress (−0.5 MPa), the content of
total phenolics, tannins and phenolic acids declined as compared to the control. However, seed germination under stress conditions
led to a significant increase in the amount of catechins. Because catechin is the one of the units in condensed tannins, its
dynamic increase during seed germination may be involved in metabolism of tannins under osmotic stress. It is also likely
that the synthesis of catechins is greater under stress conditions and these compounds may be engaged in the process of acclimatization
of grapevines to stress conditions. The content of total phenolic compounds in seed extracts is positively correlated with
their antioxidant properties. The extracts from seeds germinated under optimal conditions exhibited strong antiradical properties
against the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical as well as reducing power. As regards the extracts from grape seeds
germinated under osmotic stress, this capability was much weaker. The research demonstrated that antioxidants could interfere
with the oxidation process induced by various stresses by acting as oxygen scavengers, therefore the tolerance to drought
stress might be correlated with an increase in the antioxidant potential. 相似文献
9.
The present study analysed the physiology of phenolic exudation by the seed and the root of two Vicia faba cultivars, one rich in condensed tannin (cv. Alfred) and one free-tannin cultivar (cv. Blandine). We first analysed the phenolic exudation from the intact seeds and from the different seed tissues (coat and cotyledon separately). Results indicated that the whole seed exudation in water after 24 h was reduced when the seed was incubated at 4°C in comparison with 30°C. The characterisation and separation of phenolic compounds was achieved by HPLC procedures. The two cultivars of Vicia faba, cv. Blandine and cv. Alfred, were containing in the seed two different chemical patterns. The phenolic patterns of the cv. Alfred seed coat was dominated by catechin derivatives, condensed tannins and flavones. The phenolic pattern of cotyledon and whole seed are very closed and namely made of phenolic acids, and catechin, and flavones as minor compounds. For cv. Blandine, the seed coats contain phenolic acids, flavones, flavonols and dihydroflavonols; the phenolic profile of whole seeds and cotyledons were mainly based on phenolic acids. The kinetic of root phenolic exudation was analysed on the first 21 days of the root growth; the data indicated that phenolic compounds were rapidly released from the emerging root as the amounts of phenolic compounds in exudates were maximum the first day after the seed germination.The HPLC analysis of the phenolic compounds exudated by the root, depicted catechin, phenol acids derivatives and various flavones and flavanones. 相似文献
10.
Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is well known as a weed suppressing crop due to its strong competitive and allelopathic characteristics. The possible
allelopathic compounds in buckwheat include compounds from different groups, such as flavonoids, fatty acids, phenolic acids,
etc. Less attention has been paid to other phenolic compounds, specifically eugenol, o-eugenol, coniferyl alcohol and 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol as possible allelochemicals. The effects of eugenol, o-eugenol, coniferyl alcohol, and 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol on germination and plant growth were tested on seven plant species.
The results of our study showed that eugenols, coniferyl alcohol, or 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol are minority components of the
buckwheat plant. Eugenol reached the highest concentration (1.16μg/g DW in buckwheat leaves) from these compounds and they
probably do not have a significant function in the allelopathy of common buckwheat. However, due to the inhibitory effects
on germination and plant growth, eugenol could be utilized in the plant protection of sustainable agriculture. 相似文献
11.
12.
为提高黑老虎(Kadsura coccinea)资源的综合利用率,采用广泛靶向代谢组学技术鉴定并分析了根、茎、叶代谢组分差异及高度富集成分。结果表明,在根、茎和叶中分别鉴定出642、650和619个代谢物,以酚酸、脂质、类黄酮和有机酸为主;叶与根、茎与根的共有成分分别为566和650个,显著差异成分有442和393个,主要为酚酸、类黄酮和脂质,差异代谢物在苯丙烷生物合成、黄酮与黄酮醇生物合成通路中显著富集。代谢物总丰度和次生代谢物丰度均表现为叶>根>茎,叶中酚酸、类黄酮和脂质及茎中酚酸积累量显著高于根,而氨基酸及其衍生物、萜类、木脂素、香豆素、生物碱的丰度在根中显著上调。因此,黑老虎根、茎、叶有大量共有成分,叶和茎中酚酸、叶中类黄酮和脂质高度富集,含有新绿原酸、绿原酸、槲皮素等多个丰度较高且具有重要生物活性化合物,具有较高利用价值。 相似文献
13.
Velasco P Francisco M Moreno DA Ferreres F García-Viguera C Cartea ME 《Phytochemical analysis : PCA》2011,22(2):144-152
Introduction – Brassica vegetables have been related to the prevention of cancer and degenerative diseases, owing to their glucosinolate and phenolic content. Objective – Identification of glucosinolates, flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in representative varieties of kale, cabbage and leaf rape. Methodology – One local variety of each crop was evaluated in this study using a multi‐purpose chromatographic method that simultaneously separates glucosinolates and phenolics. Chromatograms were recorded at 330 nm for flavonoid glycosides and acylated derivatives and 227 nm for glucosinolates. Results – Eight glucosinolates were identified in kale and cabbage, which exhibited the same glucosinolate profile, and 11 glucosinolates were identified in leaf rape. Furthermore, 20 flavonoids and 10 hydroxycinnamic acids were detected in kale and cabbage, while 17 flavonoids and eight hydroxycinnamic acids were found in leaf rape. Conclusions – This study has provided a deeper and comprehensive identification of health‐promoting compounds in kale, cabbage and leaf rape, thus showing that they are a good source of glucosinolates and phenolic antioxidants. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
Two traditional Chinese medicines (Phlomis umbrosa Turcz. and Phlomis megalantha Diels), as well as five pure phenolic compounds (protocatechic, chlorogenic, benzoic, rosmarinic acid, and rutin) have been studied for antioxidant activities in acetone and methanol extracts from leaves. An HPLC method was developed to quantify the amounts of 14 phenolic compounds in the leaf extracts. The antioxidant capacities of the studied species are high. Almost all samples were capable of directly scavenging DPPH and superoxide free radicals, inhibiting linoleic acid oxidation, acting as reducing agents, and reducing plasmid DNA damage induced by hydroxyl radicals. Among different extracts, the acetone extract of P. megalantha exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. The major phenolic compounds identified were protocatechic, chlorogenic, caffeic, rosmarinic acid, and (−)-epicatechin. Antioxidant activities of pure compounds and correlation analysis indicated that protocatechic and rosmarinic acids were the major contributors to the observed antioxidant activities of the investigated Phlomis extracts. To cite this article: Y. Zhang, Z.-z. Wang, C. R. Biologies 332 (2009). 相似文献
15.
Marco Cosme Philipp Franken Inga Mewis Susanne Baldermann Susanne Wurst 《Mycorrhiza》2014,24(7):565-570
Moringa is a mycorrhizal crop cultivated in the tropics and subtropics and appreciated for its nutritive and health-promoting value. As well as improving plant mineral nutrition, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can affect plant synthesis of compounds bioactive against chronic diseases in humans. Rhizophagus intraradices and Funneliformis mosseae were used in a full factorial experiment to investigate the impact of AMF on the accumulation of glucosinolates, flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, and mineral elements in moringa leaves. Levels of glucosinolates were enhanced, flavonoids and phenolic acids were not affected, levels of carotenoids (including provitamin A) were species-specifically reduced, and mineral elements were affected differently, with only Cu and Zn being increased by the AMF. This study presents novel results on AMF effects on glucosinolates in leaves and supports conclusions that the impacts of these fungi on microelement concentrations in edible plants are species dependent. The nonspecific positive effects on glucosinolates and the species-specific negative effects on carotenoids encourage research on other AMF species to achieve general benefits on bioactive compounds in moringa. 相似文献
16.
Dae Haeng Cho Yun Jie Lee Youngsoon Um Byoung-In Sang Yong Hwan Kim 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2009,83(6):1035-1043
In the present study, we investigated the peroxidase-catalyzed detoxification of model phenolic compounds and evaluated the
inhibitory effects of the detoxified solution on butanol production by Clostridium beijerinckii National Collection of Industrial and Marine Bacteria Ltd. 8052. The six phenolic compounds, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringaldehyde, and vanillin, were selected as model fermentation
inhibitors generated during pretreatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulose. The enzyme reaction was optimized as a function
of the reaction conditions of pH, peroxidase concentration, and hydrogen peroxide to substrate ratio. Most of the tested phenolics
have a broad optimum pH range of 6.0 to 9. Removal efficiency increased with the molar ratio of H2O2 to each compound up to 0.5–1.25. In the case of p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin, the removal efficiency was almost 100% with only 0.01 μM of enzyme.
The tested phenolic compounds (1 g/L) inhibited cell growth by 64–74%, while completely inhibiting the production of butanol. Although syringaldehyde and vanillin were less toxic on cell growth, the level of inhibition on the butanol production was
quite different. The detoxified solution remarkably improved cell growth and surprisingly increased butanol production to
the level of the control. Hence, our present study, using peroxidase for the removal of model phenolic compounds, could be
applied towards the detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates for butanol fermentation. 相似文献
17.
3,5-Dihalo-4-hydroxybenzoic acids enhanced adventitious root formation in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) cuttings. 3,5-Diiodo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid was more active than 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, increasing the number of roots formed by about 4-fold. 2,4-Dinitrophenol also enhanced significantly adventitious root formation in mung bean cuttings. The phenolic compounds were active with or without indole-3-acetic acid. The possible mechanism by which these phenolic compounds enhance rooting is discussed.Abbreviations CCCP
carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone
- DIHB
3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid
- DNP
2,4-dinitrophenol 相似文献
18.
Li Li Yong Peng Li-Jia Xu Min-Hui Li Pei-Gen Xiao 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》2008,36(12):915-918
Chemical constituents of the leaves of Ehretia thyrsiflora were continuously investigated. Twelve compounds including six flavonoids and six phenolic acids, isoquercetrin, hyperoside, trifolin, astragalin, kaempferol 3-O-arabinosylgalactoside, quercetin 3-O-arabinosylgalactoside, rosmarinic acid, cinnamic acid, icariside E5, ferulic acid, α-hydroxydihydrocaffeic acid, lithospermic acid B were first isolated from this species. The considerable phenolic compounds existed in this species have important systematic significance in the argument of the family the Boraginaceae. 相似文献
19.
Phenolic acids: Possible agents of modifying N2-fixing symbiosis through rhizobial alteration? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phenolic acids, low molecular weight phenolics, are precursors of a variety of antimicrobial compounds, root signalling molecules, and phytoalexins that play an important role in plant defence responses. In agro ecosystem, a large amount of litter is turned over during the cropping season, fallow period and land preparation. This releases a flush of phenolic acids, amounts of which exceed very much the quantities released in root exudation. In rhizobial inoculation of legumes, these phenolic acids, depending on the concentration, may affect the persistence of rhizobia in the soil and their symbiotic efficiency, in terms of N2 fixation. The present study evaluates the effects of different concentrations of four phenolic acids (protocatechuic, p-coumaric, ferulic and vanillic) on population size of four rhizobial strains (Bradyrhizobium elkanii SEMIA 5019, B. japonicum TAL 102 and TAL 620, and Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS 571). Culture media with different concentrations of phenolic acids in the presence or absence of manitol were used to evaluate rhizobial population size on day 6. Rhizobial total proteins were extracted and electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels. Further, the effects of phenolic acid-affected rhizobia on N2 fixing capacity were also investigated by inoculating two of those strains to soybean. Phenolic acid-treated B. elkanii SEMIA 5019 and B. japonicum TAL 102 were inoculated to soybean, and plant growth, N accumulation and nodule dry weight were assessed in a pot experiment. The population size of TAL 102 was induced when the culture medium was supplied with different phenolic acids as the sole carbon source. In many cases, the presence of manitol in the medium masked the differential effects of phenolic acids on the rhizobial population size. All four phenolic acids used in our study suppressed the population size of TAL 620. Strain ORS 571 showed low population size at low concentrations followed by a growth recovery at high phenolic acid concentrations. Strain SEMIA 5019 treated with 0.03 mM ferulic acid produced the highest increase in shoot growth of soybean, (ca. 65%). Treating strain SEMIA 5019 with 9 mM protocatechuic acid produced the largest decrease in nodule dry weight (ca. 50%) without any significant changes in shoot N accumulation. P-coumaric acid, even at 0.12 mM, could stimulate the N2 fixing activity of SEMIA 5019, whereas the same concentration reduced the effectiveness of TAL102 in a soybean-rhizobium symbiosis. Phenolic acid interactions with rhizobia led to biochemical, and hence physiological changes, resulting in an alteration in their symbiotic ability. Different leguminous plants secrete different phenolic compounds other than phenolic acids during root exudation. Further studies should therefore be conducted to evaluate the effects of those compounds on the symbiosis. It is concluded from this study that the effect of phenolic acids is concentration and structure dependant, and strain-specific. The effect will also be pH dependant. Thus, phenolic acids are possible agents for modifying the legume-rhizobial symbiosis. 相似文献
20.
Methanol Extracts of 28 Hieracium Species from the Balkan Peninsula – Comparative LC–MS Analysis,Chemosystematic Evaluation of their Flavonoid and Phenolic Acid Profiles and Antioxidant Potentials 下载免费PDF全文
Violeta Milutinović Marjan Niketić Ljuboš Ušjak Dejan Nikolić Aleksej Krunić Christian Zidorn Silvana Petrović 《Phytochemical analysis : PCA》2018,29(1):30-47