培养大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞产生巨噬细胞集落刺激因子及其受体的表达

本研究用培养大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣｓ）,结果如下：（１）用生物活性检测法发现ＶＳＭＣｓ无血清条件培养液可刺激巨噬细胞集落形成,其作用能被抗巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＭＣＳＦ）抗体抑制;（２）用免疫细胞化学技术证明ＶＳＭＣｓ存在ＭＣＳＦ受体;（３）用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ技术证明ＶＳＭＣｓ有ＭＣＳＦ及其受本的ｍＲＮＡ表达,血清刺激使两者表达明显增强。本研究首次报道了培养大鼠主动脉ＶＳＭＣ     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞原癌基因c-fos和c-myc表达的影响

在建立大鼠肾小球系膜细胞（ＭＣ）体外培养方法的基础上,通过３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入实验,ＲＮＡ印迹分析和斑点杂交观察ｂＦＧＦ对ＭＣＤＮＡ合成及原癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ和ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达的影响．结果表明,ｂＦＧＦ作用于ＭＣ１８ｈ,ＭＣ的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入率明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）,２４ｈ达到高峰（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ｂＦＧＦ显著诱导原癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ和ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达,其表达活性分别于３０ｍｉｎ和１ｈ达到高峰．提示ｂＦＧＦ是ＭＣ的强效丝裂原,其对ＭＣＤＮＡ合成的促进作用与诱导原癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ和ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达有关．     

祁连山植被水文效应的多层次Fuzzy综合评判

祁连山植被水文效应的多层次Ｆｕｚｚｙ综合评判车克钧,傅辉恩（甘肃省张掖祁连山水源林研究所７３４０００）Ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ－ＬｅｖｅｌＦｕｚｚｙＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅＥｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎｏｎＨｙｄｒｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＶｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎｓｏｎｔｈｅＱｉｌｉａｎＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎｓ￥．ＣｈｅＫｅｊｕｎ;ＦｕＨｕｉｅｎ（ＱｉｌｉａｎＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎｓＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＦｏｒｅｓｔｆｏｒＷａｔｅｒＳｏｕｒｃｅＣｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ,Ｚｈａｎｇｙｅ,ＧａｎｓｕＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ７３４０００）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（３）：３１－３５．ＢｙｍｅａｎｓｏｆｍｕＩｔｉｐｌｅ－ｌｅｖｅｌｆｕｚｚｙｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎ,ｔｈｅｈｙｄｒｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｆｏｕｒｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎｔｙｐｅｓａｒｅａｎａｌｙｚｅｄ．ＰｉｃｅａｃｒａｓｓｉｆｏｌｉａｆｏｒｅｓｔｉｓｓｈｏｗｎｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｔｙｐｅｆｏｒｗａｔｅｒｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｏｎＱｉｌｉａｎｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｓ,Ｓａｂｉｎａｐｒｚｅｗｌｓｋｉｉｆｏｒｅｓｔａ     

重组人GM－CSF／MCAF融合蛋白抗血清的制备与鉴定

重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）和人单核细胞趋化激活因子（ＭＣＡＦ）融合蛋白经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－７５和ＣＭ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＦＦ两步柱层析,获得了电泳纯的ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ／ＭＣＡＦ融合蛋白。为进一步研究其结构与功能,我们以纯化的该融合蛋白为抗原免疫家兔制备抗血清。ＤｏｔＥＬＩＳＡ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ试验表明,该抗血清效价高、特异性好,可分别与ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ／ＭＣＡＦ、ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ和ＭＣＡＦ发生反应。     

第二信使介导模拟低氧下丘脑CRF分泌

用模拟高原低氧的方法研究急性低氧条件下促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（ｃｏｒｔｉｃｏｔｒｏｐｉｎ－ｒｅｌｅａｓｉｎｇｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＣＲＦ）分泌的变化及第二信使参与ＣＲＦ分泌的作用。低氧（海拔７ｋｍ）１ｈ后,正中隆起（ｍｅｄｉａｎｅｍｉｎｅｎｃｅ,ＭＥ）处ＣＲＦ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）,下丘脑（ｈｙｐｏｔｈａｌａｍｕｓ,Ｈｙ）ＣＲＦ（不含ＭＥ）含量无明显变化,而Ｈｙ内ｃＡＭＰ含量明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。脑室注射Ｆｏｒｓｋｌｉｎ、ＴＰＡ后低氧暴露（海拔５ｋｍ）１ｈ,ＭＥＣＲＦ含量下降（Ｐ＜０．０５;Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＨｙＣＲＦ无明显变化。脑室注射Ｆｏｒｓｋｌｉｎ后ＨｙｃＡＭＰ含量升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。脑室注射Ｈ７和ＰＫＡ抑制剂,ＭＥＣＲＦ升高（Ｐ＜０．０５;Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＨｙＣＲＦ和ＨｙｃＡＭＰ均无显著变化。上述结果表明急性低氧应激中ＣＲＦ分泌显著增加,第二信使通路ＰＫＡ和ＰＫＣ通路均参与ＣＲＦ分泌     

人工饲养条件下子午沙鼠的繁殖特征

人工饲养条件下子午沙鼠的繁殖特征ＴＨＥＢＲＥＥＤＩＮＧＦＥＡＴＵＲＥＯＦＭＥＲＩＯＮＥＳＭＥＲＩＤＩＡＮＵＳＵＮＤＥＲＴＨＥＡＲＴＩＦｌＣＩＡＬＣＯＮＤＩＴＩＯＮＳＫｅｙｗｏｒｄｓＭｅｒｉｏｎｅｓｍｅｒｉｄｉａｎｕｓ;Ｋｅｅｐｉｎｇ;Ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃ...     

MPF Induction of Microtubule Assembly at Interphase Kinetochore of CHO Cells

ＭＰＦＩｎｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＭｉｃｒｏｔｕｂｕｌｅＡｓｓｅｍｂｌｙａｔＩｎｔｅｒｐｈａｓｅＫｉｎｅｔｏｃｈｏｒｅｏｆＣＨＯＣｅｌｌｓＦＥＮＧＭｅｉ;（冯梅）ＺＨＡＮＧＨｕａｎ－ｘｉａｎｇ;（张焕相）ＷＡＮＧＹｏｎｇ－ｃｈａｏ;（王永潮）ＷＡＮＧＹｕｅ...     

中国水生植物一新归化属——水盾草属(莼菜科)

水盾草属ＣａｂｏｍｂａＡｕｂｌｅｔ.,Ｈｉｓｔ.Ｐｌ.ＧｕｉａｎｅＦｒａｎｃ.1 :3 2 1 ,ｔ.1 2 4 .1 775;ＦａｓｓｅｔｔｉｎＣａｓｔａｎｅａ ,1 8:1 1 6.1 953 ;Ｒａｄｆｏｒｄ ,Ｍａｎ .Ｖａｓｃ .Ｆｌ.Ｃａｒｏｌ.4 50 .1 968;Ｃｏｏｋ ,ＷａｔｅｒＰｌ.Ｗｏｒｌｄ 1 70     

福建中亚热带村级农业生态经济类型的成因与发展机制研究

福建中亚热带村级农业生态经济类型的成因与发展机制研究林文雄,吴志强,林群慧,郑世庆,王松良,梁义元（福建农学院,福州３５０００２）ＣｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｎｇＦａｃｔｏｒａｎｄＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔＭｅｃｂａｎｉｓｍｏｆＲｕｒａｌＡｇｒｏ－ｅｃｏｌｏｍｉｃＴｙｐｅｓｉｎＭｉｄ－ｓｕｂｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌＲｅｇｉｏｎｏｆＦｕＪｉａｎＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ￥．ＬｉｎＷｅｎｘｉｏｎｇ;ＷｕＺｈｉｑｉａｎｇ;ＬｉｎＱｕｎｈｕｉ;ＺｈｅｎｇＳｈｉｑｉｎｇ;ＷａｎｇＳｏｎｇｌｉａｎｇ;ＬｉａｎｇＹｉｙｕａｎ（ＦｕｊｉａｎＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＣｏｌｌｅｇｅ,Ｆｕｚｈｏｕ３５０００２）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（２）：６６－６８．Ｕｓｉｎｇｓｙｓｔｅｍａｔｉｃａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｍｅｔｈｏｄｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｔｈｅｓｔａｔｕｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｐａｔ－ｔｅｒｎｓｏｆｒｕｒａｌａｇｒｏ－ｅｃｏｌｏｍｉｃｔｙｐｅｉｎｍｉｄ－ｓｕｂｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｒｅｇｉｏｎｏｆＦｕｊｉａｎｐｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ．１１ｔａｐｅｓｏｆｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎ     

重组人GM－CSF／MCAF融合蛋白抗血清的制备与鉴定

重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）和人单核细胞趋化激活因子（ＭＣＡＦ）融合蛋白经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－７５和ＣＭ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＦＦ两步柱层析,获得了电泳纯的ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ／ＭＣＡＦ融合蛋白。为进一步研究其结构与功能,我们以纯化的该融合蛋白为抗原免疫家兔制备抗血清。ＤｏｔＥＬＩＳＡ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ试验表明,该抗血清效价高、特异性好,可分别与ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ／ＭＣＡＦ、ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ和ＭＣＡＦ发生反应。     

Mediterranean climate patterns and wine quality in North and Central Italy

Results show that the year-to-year quality variation of wines produced in North and Central Italy depends on the large-scale climate variability, and that the wine quality improvement in the last four decades is partially due to an increase of temperature and to a decrease of precipitation in West and Central Mediterranean Europe (WME; CME). In addition, wine quality is positively correlated with air temperature throughout the entire active period of the grapevine, weakly negatively correlated with precipitation in spring, and well negatively correlated in summer and fall. The month-to-month composites of the NAO anomaly show that, in years of good quality wine, this anomaly is negative in late spring, oscillates around zero in summer, and is positive in early fall; while, in years of bad quality wine, it is positive in late spring and summer, and negative in early fall, i.e. its polarity has an opposite sign in spring and fall in good versus bad years. The composite seasonal maps show that good wines are produced when the spring jet stream over the Atlantic diverts most of the weather perturbations towards North Europe, still providing a sufficient amount of rainwater to CME; when summer warming induced by southerly winds is balanced by the cooling induced by westerly winds; and when a positive geopotential anomaly over WME shelters CME from fall Atlantic storms. Bad quality wines are produced when the jet stream favors the intrusion of the Atlantic weather perturbations into the Mediterranean. Results suggest that atmospheric pattern persistencies can be used as precursors for wine quality forecast.     

DNA demethylation in erythroleukaemia cells

Despite a fall in the proportion of CGs methylated, evidence has not been obtained for significant demethylation of prelabelled DNA when mouse erythroleukaemia cells are induced to differentiate. There is, however, a delay in the methylation of the DNA that is synthesised in the early period of induction, leading to its undermethylation by 30-50% and this may be a contributory cause of the observed fall in CG methylation.     

Differences in the reaction of rat and guinea pig hearts to ischemia and reperfusion

The response of rat and guinea-pig hearts to ischemia and reperfusion has been studied in identical conditions. Total 15-min ischemia of isolated rat hearts at 36 degrees C induced an almost 3-fold rise in isovolumic left ventricular diastolic pressure as well as a fall in the developed pressure and heart rate. Guinea-pig hearts, in the same conditions, exhibited a more steep fall in heart rate, with no rise in diastolic pressure. With constant heart rate produced by electrical stimulation at 4 Hz, the difference between two groups remained unchanged, while a more rapid fall in developed pressure in guinea-pig hearts coincided with a more profound fall in extracellular pH and almost a 2-fold rise in extracellular K+ activity. Rapid elimination of K+ and H+ at the early stages of reperfusion was followed by fibrillation in the majority of guinea-pig hearts, while no fibrillation was observed in rat hearts.     

Role of thromboxane A2 and platelet activating factor in early haemodynamic response to lipopolysaccharide in rats.

The mechanism of early pulmonary and systemic haemodynamic response to intravenous infusion of LPS from Escherichia coli was investigated in anesthetised Wistar rats. 10 mg of LPS given at a rate of 4 mg/kg/min but not at a rate of 1 mg/kg/min induced an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and a fall in systemic arterial pressure (SAP). Pretreatment with a PAF receptor antagonist; WEB 2170 (5 and 25 mg/kg) inhibited both PAP and SAP responses to LPS (4 mg/kg/min) while an inhibitor of thromboxane synthesis; Camonagrel (10 and 20 mg/kg) abolished PAP response without a major effect on SAP response to LPS. In conclusion, both PAF and TXA2 mediate LPS induced rise in pulmonary arterial pressure while LPS-induced fall in systemic arterial pressure is mediated by PAF.     

Differential laws of left ventricular isovolumic pressure fall

An attempt has been made to test for a reliable method of characterizing the isovolumic left ventricular pressure fall in isolated ejecting hearts by one or two time constants, tau. Alternative nonlinear regression models (three- and four-parametric exponential, logistic, and power function), based upon the common differential law dp(t)/dt = - [p(t)-P ]/ tau(t) are compared in isolated ejecting rat, guinea pig, and ferret hearts. Intraventricular pressure fall data are taken from an isovolumic standard interval and from a subinterval of the latter, determined data-dependently by a statistical procedure. Extending the three-parametric exponential fitting function to four-parametric models reduces regression errors by about 20-30%. No remarkable advantage of a particular four-parametric model over the other was revealed. Enhanced relaxation, induced by isoprenaline, is more sensitively indicated by the asymptotic logistic time constant than by the usual exponential. If early and late parts of the isovolumic pressure fall are discarded by selecting a subinterval of the isovolumic phase, tau remains fairly constant in that central pressure fall region. Physiological considerations point to the logistic model as an advantageous method to cover lusitropic changes by an early and a late tau. Alternatively, identifying a central isovolumic relaxation interval facilitates the calculation of a single ("central") tau; there is no statistical justification in this case to extend the three-parametric exponential further to reduce regression errors.     

Seasonal changes in juvenile hormone titers and rates of biosynthesis in honey bees

Honey bee colonies can respond to changing environmental conditions by showing plasticity in age related division of labor, and these responses are associated with changes in juvenile hormone. The shift from nest taks to foraging has been especially well characterized; foraging is associated with high juvenile hormone titers and high rates of juvenile hormone biosynthesis, and can be induced prematurely in young bees by juvenile hormone treatment or by a shortage of foragers. However, very few studies have been conducted that study plasticity in division of labor under naturally occurring changes in the environment. To gain further insight into how the environment and juvenile hormone influence foraging behavior, we measured juvenile hormone titers and rates of biosynthesis in workers during times of the year when colony activity in temperate climates is reduced: late fall, winter, and early spring. Juvenile hormone titers and rates of biosynthesis decreased in foragers in the fall as foraging diminished and bees became less active. This demonstration of a natural drop in juvenile hormone confirms and extends previous findings when bees were experimentally induced to revert from foraging to within-hive tasks. In addition, endocrine changes in foragers in the fall are part of a larger seasonally related phenomenon in which juvenile hormone levels in younger, pre-foraging bees also decline in the fall and then increase the following spring as colony activity increases. The seasonal decline in juvenile hormone in foragers was mimicked in summer by placing a honey bee colony in a cold room for 8 days. This suggests that seasonal changes in juvenile hormone are not related to photoperiod changes, but rather to changes in temperature and/or colony social structure that in turn influence endocrine and behavioral development. We also found that active foragers in the late winter and early spring had lower juvenile hormone levels than active foragers in late spring. In light of recent findings of a possible link between juvenile hormone and neuroanatomical plasticity in the bee brain, these results suggest that bees can forage with low juvenile hormone, after previous exposure to some threshold level of juvenile hormone leads to changes in brain structure.     

Genotoxic effects of heavy metals and their salts in an experiment on Drosophila and mammals

Analysis of data on the influence of different metals (cadmium, cobalt, molybdenum) on the Drosophila melanogaster cells has revealed a considerable genotoxic effect of cadmium salts which manifests in the high percentage of cells elimination at the early stages of spermatogenesis--the premeiotic cells. The modifying effect of molybdenum in the combination with cadmium and molybdenum decreasing the percentage of the progeny fall may be induced by activation of the reparation systems. In the bone marrow cells of mice Cd ions modify cytogenetic effects of the AB preparation, intensifying its mutagenic activity in some cases.     

The effects of host plant phenology on the demography and population dynamics of the leaf-mining moth, Cameraria hamadryadella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Abstract.

• 1 We examined the effects of variation in the timing of spring leaf production and autumn leaf fall on the survival, mortality and abundance of Cameraria hamadryadella on Quercus alba and Q.macrocarpa.
• 2 We monitored and manipulated the timing of foliation on field and potted Q.alba trees and observed the abundance of C.hamadryadella on those trees. We also monitored and manipulated the timing of leaf fall on Q.alba and Q.macrocarpa trees in the field and observed its effects on survival, mortality and abundance of C.hamadryadella.
• 3 Variation in the timing of spring leaf production has no effect on C. hamudryadella abundance. However, a warm winter and spring in 1991 led to accelerated development and the imposition of a facultative third generation in one out of ten years of observation.
• 4 In 1989, leaves fell relatively early and leaf fall in the autumn accounted for more than 50% of the mortality of C.hamudryadella. in 1990 and 1991 leaves fell relatively late and leaf fall induced mortality was substantially reduced and overwinter survival was markedly increased.
• 5 The abundance of C.hamadryadella remained constant in the spring and summer of 1990 following the previous autumn's relatively early leaf fall, but increased by 10-fold in the spring of 1991 following the relatively late leaf fall of autumn 1990. The abundance of C.hamadryadella also increased 4-fold between the summer of 1991 and the spring of 1992 after another autumn of relatively late leaf fall. We attribute these increases in abundance in part to reduced mortality because of later leaf fall.
• 6 Variation in the timing of autumn leaf fall may be responsible for initiating outbreaks of C.hamadryadella.

     

Cross-talk between nitric oxide and HSP70 in the antihypotensive effect of adaptation to heat

In this work, we evaluated the effect of adaptation to heat on the fall of blood pressure (BP) induced by heat shock (HS) and the interrelation between nitric oxide (NO) and heat shock protein, HSP70. Experiments were carried out on Wistar rats. It was shown that HS resulted in a generalized and transient increase in NO production (the electron paramagnetic resonance method) and a fall of BP from 113+/-3 to 88+/-1 mm Hg (p<0.05). Adaptation to heat itself did not affect BP, but completely prevented the NO overproduction and hypotension induced by HS. The adaptation simultaneously increased the brain NO-synthase content and induced HSP70 synthesis (the Western blot analysis) in various organs. Both the antihypotensive effects of adaptation and HSP70 accumulation were completely prevented by L-NNA, an inhibitor of NO synthesis, or quercetin, an inhibitor of HSP70 synthesis. The data suggest that adaptation to heat stimulates NO synthesis and NO activates synthesis of HSP70. HSP70, which hampers NO overproduction, thus restricts the BP fall induced by heat shock.     

Seasonal changes in plasma dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) levels of domestic geese

Changes in plasma DHEA, testosterone (T) and 17-B-oestradiol (E2) levels were examined in domestic geese of both sexes in the fall and winter. The levels of steroid hormones were determined in blood plasma by means of radio-immunoassay (RIA). A so-called second (autumn) cycle was induced in geese via a dark-room preparation and natural keeping conditions. The plasma levels of DHEA showed a minor peak at onset of the autumn breeding and a major one prior to the more intense spring reproduction in both sexes. The seasonal curves of plasma DHEA appeared fairly similar in ganders and layers and without considerable differences between the absolute values. In ganders, plasma DHEA peaks preceded the elevations in T levels in the fall and spring alike. With layers, in turn, the autumn and spring peaks of plasma DHEA appeared after the peaks in E2 levels. With ganders, the concentration of plasma T seemed to predominate between the two androgens throughout the experimental period. With layers, in turn, the concentration of DHEA surpassed the level of plasma E2 at the time of the peak periods and other times during the study, as well. In domestic geese, DHEA is probably involved in the autumn physiological processes and the induction of reproduction during fall and early spring periods, alike.