共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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用健康雄性Wistar大鼠制备糖尿病模型,以成功的模型大鼠作为受体,健康雄性大鼠为供体,行全胰十二指肠移植术。用移植成功大鼠进行大剂量激光照射、免疫抑制剂及二者配合抗移植排斥反应的实验,于术后隔天监测血糖、尿糖的变化,于术后7天及出现血糖、尿糖持续升高时采取移植胰脏,进行病理组织学观察,以了解排斥反应的发生与程度。结果表明,日剂量为39.7245J/cm ̄2的激光照射,可推迟排斥反应的发生时间、降低排斥反应的发生程度及延长大鼠全胰十二脂肠移植物的存活时间。39.7245J/cm ̄2的激光照射与8-5-3mg/kg/day的硫唑嘌呤(Aza)配合,上述作用更为显著,超过各单一使用的效果,且与环隐霉素(A(CsA)的作用效果接近。并证实25-20-15mg/kg/day的CsA及10-8-5mg/kg/day的Aza抗全胰十二指肠移植抗排斥反应效果明显。 相似文献
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激光对机体免疫功能的影响黄瑜峰,黄卓正广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院530021近十年多来激光技术在临床医学上的应用日益广泛,弱激光照射治疗某些疾病国内外均有许多成功的报道,但对其作用机理目前尚未十分清楚。为此,促使人们探讨弱激光治疗的作用机制进行了多方面... 相似文献
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目的:探讨移植后糖尿病(PTDM)的危险因素与钙调神经蛋白免疫抑制剂使用的关系.方法:分析近9年613例同种异体尸体肾移植术后患者年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、糖尿病家族史、钙调神经蛋白免疫抑制剂(环孢霉A,CsA;他克莫司,FK506)使用与PTDM发生的危险程度.结果:PTDM的发生率为24.1%,PTDM发生与患者年龄、糖尿病家族史及BMI明显相关,PTDM患者钙调神经蛋白免疫抑制剂血药浓度剂量比明显高于移植后非糖尿病患者(non PTDM),且服用FK506后空腹血糖高于服用CsA.结论:与患者年龄、糖尿病家族史、BMI相比,服用钙调神经蛋白免疫抑制剂是导致PTDM发生最重要的危险因素,且FK506较CsA更易发生PTDM. 相似文献
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以Wistar糖尿病模型大鼠作为受体,进行同性间全胰十二指肠移植。用激光照射、免疫抑制剂及二者配合应用进行抗移植排斥反应试验,于术后7天及出现排斥反应相时,进行病理解剖与病理组织学观察,结果表明,日剂量为39。7245J/cm^2的激光照射,可推迟排斥反应的发生时间、降低排斥反应的发生程度;激光照射与8-5-3mg/kg/day的硫唑嘌呤(Aza)配合,上述作用显著,且与环孢霉素A(CsA)的效果 相似文献
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目的探讨维生素A(VA)缺乏对致敏后免疫细胞发育、功能的影响机制。方法:低VA饲料喂养大鼠8周时用卵蛋白致敏并分组。VAS组隔天口服vA100u,治疗3次;VAD组与正常组口服大豆油。用免疫组织化学法观察细胞角蛋白19(CK19)、病理学检查肺与脾病理变化、ELISA法检查血清Th因子水平等。结果VAD组胸腺萎缩,胸腺上皮细胞(TEC)肥大、聚集、CK19少。血IL—10、IL-4、胸腺索a-1升高。肺感染病灶多,肺泡隔浸润细胞较少与红细胞渗出多。VAS组胸腺细胞增生,TEC内CK193上调,血IFN—γ水平较低、IL-4、IL-10明显下调。小气道单层纤毛柱状上皮正常,管壁淋巴细胞浸润较重,肺泡区巨噬细胞多、渗出红细胞少。结论VA缺乏并致敏后胸腺TEC、胸腺细胞等发育和功能异常。补充VA改善胸腺TEC结构、促进淋巴细胞增生与非特异免疫功能,保护呼吸道黏膜与肺泡上皮。 相似文献
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He-Ne激光与云芝多糖单独使用或配合使用均可显著提高小鼠植物血球凝集素(PHA)刺激的淋巴细胞转化率、血素抗绵羊红细胞(SRBC)血凝抗体效价、脾细胞产生溶血抗体能力、自然杀伤(NK)细胞及巨噬细胞(MP,Mega,Phgocyte)抗瘤活性,且配合使用好于单独使用,说明He-Ne激光与云芝多糖具有协同作用。 相似文献
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用健康雄性Wistar大鼠制备糖尿病模型,以成功的模型大鼠作为受体,健康雄性大鼠为供体,行全胰十二指肠移植术。用移植成功大鼠进行大剂量激光照射、免疫抑制剂及二者配合抗移植排斥反应的实验,于术后隔天监测血糖、尿糖的变化,于术后7天及出现血糖、尿糖持续升高时采取移植胰脏,进行病理组织学观察,以了解排斥反应的发生与程度。结果表明,日剂量为39.7245J/cm^2的激光照射,可推迟排斥反应的发生时间、降 相似文献
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肠道菌群是居住于人体肠道内的正常微生物群体。肠道菌群通常与宿主成共生关系,并与宿主的消化、代谢、免疫调节等生理活动息息相关。靶向作用于免疫检查点的免疫检查点抑制剂,作为肿瘤免疫治疗中的新星,有着逆转肿瘤免疫微环境的作用,为肿瘤治疗提供了新的希望。然而研究发现,有部分人群对免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗无响应,而导致其无响应的最主要的原因是肠道菌群的异常。因此,本文对肠道菌群与肿瘤免疫治疗特别是与免疫检查点抑制剂的研究现状进行综述。 相似文献
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使用肠道微生物组学技术探讨不同比例的肠内营养制剂对于神经外科重症患者肠道功能与免疫功能的影响。
选取2022年7月至2023年6月在我院进行治疗的神经外科重症患者,随机分为观察组、对照组,每组60例。对照组使用2/3标准剂量,观察组使用1/3标准剂量,对比两组患者的营养指标、免疫功能指标、粪便菌群alpha多样性、7 d内血糖水平、胰岛素的使用总量及并发症的发生情况。
在进行治疗后,观察组的总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白及血红蛋白指标均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均
对于神经外科重症患者使用1/3标准剂量的营养支持能够改善患者的肠道功能和免疫指标,值得在临床中推广。
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BackgroundThe survival rate of patients with cancer has been increasing because of the sustained anticancer effect of new drugs, such as immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICI). Unlike the existing cytotoxic chemotherapies, immunotherapy causes immune system disturbance, such as hypothyroidism. Comparative studies on hypothyroidism following administration of ICI alone and in combination with other drugs are scarce. Therefore, we investigated the incidence of hypothyroidism after ICI in patients with cancer using a national population-based database.MethodsUsing the claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment service in Korea, we retrospectively investigated patients with cancer who received chemotherapy between January 1, 2014 and February 28, 2021.ResultsOf all patients with cancer (n = 665,445) who received all kinds of chemotherapy, those who have received ICI accounted for 1.91 %. Compare with cytotoxic chemotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitors (AIs), ICI was associated with earlier (236.1 ± 248.4 vs. 811.1 ± 661.7, P < 0.01) and more frequent (7.7 % vs. 4.4 %, P < 0.01) occurrence of hypothyroidism, as well as an increased risk of developing hypothyroidism (odds ratio [OR] 1.69, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.58–1.80). However, the incidence of grade 2 or higher hypothyroidism was similar in both groups of patients who received ICI (3.3 %) and AI (3.1 %). The incidence of hypothyroidism was 4.4 times higher in patients who received both AI and ICI than in those who were treated with ICI alone (OR 4.41, 95 % CI 3.40–5.71).ConclusionsThis study showed a synergistic effect in patients who received multiple administrations of a drug that might be associated with thyroid dysfunction. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the treatment-related side effects when using drugs, such as AIs, concomitant with ICI treatment. 相似文献
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In the last decade, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has changed the therapeutic algorithm of cancer patients. ICIs combined with other therapeutic options, such as chemo- and targeted therapies, generate impressive results in cancer patients. Locoregional treatments (LRTs) play an important role in the management of various solid tumors (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), neuroendocrine tumors, etc.), and this therapeutic approach may enhance the activity of the immune response to tumor cells destroying primary tumors and leading to the release of several soluble molecules. This systematic review was performed to identify studies reporting objective response rate (ORR) and survival information in patients with solid tumors treated with ICIs plus LRTs. In the present work, fourteen studies were included, and the majority of them (five studies) enrolled patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whereas the others included patients with different diseases. The highest ORRs were seen in HCC (67%, Y-90 RE plus ipilimumab and nivolumab) and melanoma (38%, dendritic cells with mRNA plus ipilimumab) patients. ORRs were not observed in liver metastases from melanoma and colorectal cancer. These data suggest that combination of ICIs and LRTs is feasible and more active in primary tumors (particularly HCC) than metastases with a synergistic effect on antitumor immunity. However, further studies are needed to better select patients, schedules, and setting of treatments. 相似文献
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IntroductionIn- and exclusion criteria of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) aim to include a homogeneous study-population. This study compared characteristics of lung cancer patients from phase III RCTs evaluating tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with characteristics of lung cancer patients in a real world setting in the United Kingdom.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD. Patients (N = 9239) with a first ever lung cancer registration between 2014 and 2018 were identified. Eligibility for inclusion was assessed for twelve RCTs (evaluating TKIs or ICIs). Reasons for potential exclusion and the number of unmet criteria were assessed for each RCT independently. OS was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses.ResultsThe proportion of potentially eligible patients was 74.3% and 51.9% for TKI and ICI RCTs, respectively. History of another malignancy, renal insufficiency or concomitant drug-use were main reasons for exclusion. OS was considerably longer for potentially eligible patients. Hazards ratios varied from 1.17 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.24) to 1.35 (1.20–1.42) across the RCTs.ConclusionThis study showed that a considerable proportion of lung cancer patients in a real-world setting would have been ineligible for participation in phase III RCTs and that potentially ineligible patients experienced a shorter OS. 相似文献
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激光剂量与其生物效应之间的关系 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
刘承宜等人提出了低强度激光疗法的生物信号模型和激光生物效应的信息转换模型,根据BIML,碌,兰和紫等冷色Gs蛋白介导的生理过程;红,橙黄等暖色兴奋Gq或Gi蛋白或受体关联蛋白酶介导的生理过程。根据BITML,在不引起损伤的前提下,一种激光的作用剂量超过一定阈值,它所启动的信使系统将转换成与现有信使系统相拮抗的信使系统。 相似文献
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Unlike other types of breast cancers (BCs), no specific therapeutic targets have been established for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the only available adjuvant therapeutic choices for TNBC. New emerging reports show that TNBC is associated with higher numbers of intratumoral tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. This is indicative of host anti-TNBC immune surveillance and suggesting that immunotherapy can be considered as a therapeutic approach for TNBC management. Recent progress in molecular mechanisms of tumor-immune system interaction and cancer vaccine development studies, fast discoveries and FDA approvals of immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, and oncolytic virotherapy have significantly attracted attention and research directions toward the immunotherapeutic approach to TNBC. Here in this review different aspects of TNBC immunotherapies including the host immune system-tumor interactions, the tumor microenvironment, the relevant molecular targets for immunotherapy, and clinical trials in the field are discussed. 相似文献