里氏木霉内切葡萄糖苷酶Ⅳ在毕赤酵母中的表达

进行了内切葡萄糖苷酶Ⅳ（EGⅣ）在毕赤酵母（Pichia pastoris）表达系统中的表达。采用RT—PCR的方法从里氏木霉（Trichoderma reesei）中分离到eg4基因。将eg4基因与毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA连接,得到重组质粒pPICZαA-eg4。将该重组质粒线性化后转化毕赤酵母GS115,eg4基因通过同源重组被整合到毕赤酵母的染色体上,并处于酵母α因子的下游,得到重组菌株P.pastoris—EGⅣ1。在甲醇诱导下,重组菌株P.pastoris-EGⅣ1可以合成并分泌EGⅣ,培养液的CMC活力达到2．11U／mL。     

黑曲霉果胶裂解酶基因毕赤酵母在Pichia pastoris GS115中的表达

利用RT-PCR技术从黑曲霉(EIM-6)中扩增得到去除信号肽的果胶裂解酶基因A,将其插入到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9k上,构建重组表达质粒pPIC9K-pelA,电击转化毕赤酵母GS115,得到了表达成功的工程菌株。用终浓度为1.5%的甲醇对其进行诱导,将发酵上清液浓缩后,用盐酸法测定其酶活可以达到2.3U/mL。通过对重组毕赤酵母诱导表达产物进行SDS-PAGE鉴定,发现重组毕赤酵母分泌了1个约38kD的蛋白,与该酶基因产物的理论值相符,并通过水解圈法测定验证,均说明果胶裂解酶得到正确的分泌表达.     

里氏木霉内切葡萄糖苷酶Ⅳ在毕赤酵母中的表达*

进行了内切葡萄糖苷酶Ⅳ(EGⅣ)在毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)表达系统中的表达。采用RT-PCR的方法从里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)中分离到eg4基因。将eg4基因与毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA连接,得到重组质粒pPICZαA-eg4。将该重组质粒线性化后转化毕赤酵母GS115,eg4基因通过同源重组被整合到毕赤酵母的染色体上,并处于酵母α因子的下游,得到重组菌株P.pastoris-EGⅣ1。在甲醇     

里氏木霉纤维二糖水解酶Ⅱ在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

本工作采用巴氏毕赤酵母Pichiapastoris表达系统进行了里氏木霉Trichodermareesei纤维二糖水解酶Ⅱ(CellobiohydrolaseII)的表达。用RT-PCR的方法从经稻草粉诱导的里氏木霉培养物中分离出纤维二糖水解酶Ⅱ的基因,将其插入到巴氏毕赤酵母的表达载体pPICZαA中,并使之处于α-因子信号肽序列的下游,得到重组质粒pPICZαA-cbh2。通过电穿孔的方法用线性化的pPICZαA-cbh2转化巴氏毕赤酵母GS115菌株,经过大量筛选后得到可以高效表达纤维二糖水解酶的毕赤酵母菌株P.pastorisCBHⅡ1。在甲醇诱导的条件下培养P.pastorisCBHⅡ1,培养液中的CMC活性可达到3.82U/mL,SDS-PAGE分析结果表明纤维二糖水解酶在P.pastorisCBHⅡ1中的表达量远远高于里氏木霉。对表达产物进行了LC-MS分析,结果表明所表达的蛋白为里氏木霉的纤维二糖水解酶。     

玉米赤霉烯酮降解酶多拷贝毕赤酵母菌株的构建及高效表达

通过密码子优化、体外多拷贝构建实现玉米赤霉烯酮(Zearalenone,ZEN)降解酶基因(zlhy-6)在毕赤酵母GS115菌株中的高效表达。按酵母密码子偏好性优化zlhy-6基因的密码子,与α因子信号肽编码序列一起合成,插入到pAO815质粒中,通过酶切酶连构建含1–6个表达盒的表达质粒,将其转入毕赤酵母GS115菌中,获得ZEN降解酶重组菌株。重组蛋白分子量为28.9 kDa,与预期一致。重组菌用甲醇诱导3 d,蛋白浓度达最高,之后下降;在pH 5.0、4.5条件下诱导培养,表达量最高;每天添加0.8%的甲醇、接种量10%表达水平最高;4拷贝的转化子表达水平最高,三角瓶发酵3 d,酶活性达到10 U/mL。在1 g玉米渣中添加0.1–0.5 mL发酵上清液,水解24 h,玉米渣中ZEN的降解率为44.08%–75.51%。研究结果为ZEN降解酶工业生产及在食品饲料中的应用奠定了基础。     

鸡碳酸酐酶4基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

[目的]通过毕赤酵母的表达获得鸡碳酸酐酶4(CAⅣ)蛋白。[方法]根据鸡CAⅣ的序列,结合毕赤酵母密码子的偏好性,合成CAⅣ基因。将CAⅣ基因克隆到pPICZαA真核表达载体,获得重组表达质粒pPICZαA-CAⅣ。将其电转毕赤酵母GS115后,获得重组毕赤酵母菌GS115/pPICZαA-CAⅣ。用终浓度为1%的甲醇对重组阳性菌进行诱导表达,通过SDS-PAGE和Westernblot法检测蛋白的表达,并用Ni离子亲和层析法对表达出的蛋白进行纯化。[结果]成功构建了表达载体pPICZαA-CAⅣ,转化重组酵母菌后可分泌出36kDa左右的CAⅣ蛋白,并通过Ni离子亲和层析法获得了单一性的目的蛋白CAⅣ。[结论]获得分子量约36kDa的鸡CAⅣ蛋白。     

里氏木霉Cel5A基因优化及其在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

内切纤维素酶Cel5A缺乏是限制纤维素酶制剂高效酶解天然纤维素的关键因素。本文尝试构建高效表达里氏木霉Cel5A的毕赤酵母重组菌株以弥补目前Cel5A的天然分泌不足,通过基因密码子偏好性优化里氏木霉Cel5A基因和构建表达载体p PIC9K-eg2,并将其电转入毕赤酵母GS115以构建重组子,利用浓度梯度平板和摇瓶发酵筛选获得一株高产毕赤酵母Pichia pastoris菌株GS115-EGⅡ。重组酶的酶学性质分析显示,该酶分子量50 k Da、最适p H(p H 4.5)略有降低及最适反应温度为60℃,专一性地作用于非结晶纤维素,与天然里氏木霉Cel5A并无明显区别。通过摇瓶发酵的初步优化,该菌摇瓶培养条件:培养温度28℃、起始p H 5.0、接种量2%、每24 h添加甲醇1.5%(V/V)、每24 h添加山梨醇4 g/L及吐温80添加4 g/L,发酵192 h重组酶酶活达到24.0 U/m L。进一步上罐(5 L)发酵180 h,该重组酶Cel5A酶活高达270.9 U/m L,蛋白含量达到4.16 g/L。重组毕赤酵母P.pastoris GS115-EGⅡ是一株适合于外源表达Cel5A的工程菌,该重组酶可替代天然分泌Cel5A适用于当前酶基生物炼制模式下木质纤维素基质高效水解中。     

人防御素6基因的克隆、亚克隆及在酵母中的分泌表达

探讨人防御素6(HD-6)在毕赤酵母中表达的可行性,为进一步研究HD6的功能提供理论依据和实验基础。采用PCR方法,设计引物从cDNA文库中扩增出人α防御素6基因片段,并将其插入到克隆载体pMD-18T中,再与毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA重组,以得到重组的HD-6酵母表达载体pPICZαA/HD-6,并进行琼脂糖电泳和测序鉴定。再将构建好的毕赤酵母重组表达质粒pPICZαA/HD-6经SacⅠ线性化后,应用LiCl法转化毕赤酵母菌株GS115感受态中,Zeocin平板筛选,PCR鉴定转化子。经摇瓶发酵和甲醇诱导,SDSPAGE分析重组HD-6的表达。从cDNA文库中扩增出的HD-6基因片断大小正确;电泳和测序结果均证明已将此片段克隆到酵母表达载体pPICZαA内;线性化的重组质粒pPICZαA/HD-6成功转化进入毕赤酵母感受态中,PCR鉴定结果与预期相符;蛋白电泳证实重组HD-6在酵母中获得分泌表达。提示重组HD-6可以在毕赤酵母中实现分泌表达。     

灰葡萄孢菌激发子pebC1在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达及其生物活性分析

为了实现激发子PebC1编码基因在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达,采用PCR方法从灰葡萄孢菌BC-4-2-2-1菌株中扩增获得激发子PebC1的编码序列,将其亚克隆至酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9K中,以此片段构建了pPIC9K-pebC1重组表达质粒。重组表达质粒经Bgl Ⅱ线性化处理,电击转化至毕赤酵母宿主菌GS115,经MD、G418-YPD平板和PCR法筛选,获得了重组毕赤酵母菌GS115/pPIC9K-pebC1。用甲醇诱导重组酵母菌表达目标蛋白,发酵液经SDS-PAGE电泳分析,在约39 kDa处出现特异目标条带。Western blotting检测结果说明,重组表达产物具有良好的抗原性。生物活性检测表明,酵母重组表达蛋白PebC1能够诱导拟南芥和黄瓜幼苗对灰霉病的抗性。     

合成耐高温α-淀粉酶PFA在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

PFA是来源于Pyrococcus furious的一种耐高温α-淀粉酶,为了使PFA能够在巴斯德毕赤酵母中高效表达,根据巴斯德毕赤酵母密码子的偏好性对PFA的基因序列进行密码子优化,人工合成耐高温淀粉酶PFA基因pfa,并连接到巴斯德毕赤酵母中表达载体pPIC9K上,得到重组质粒pPIC9K-pfa。重组质粒线性化后转化到巴斯德毕赤酵母菌株GS115中,重组菌株在摇瓶中用甲醇诱导表达,分泌表达酶活最高为220U／L。     

Functional characterization of a bacterial expansin from Bacillus subtilis for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose

Expansin is a plant protein family that induces plant cell wall‐loosening and cellulose disruption without exerting cellulose‐hydrolytic activity. Expansin‐like proteins have also been found in other eukaryotes such as nematodes and fungi. While searching for an expansin produced by bacteria, we found that the BsEXLX1 protein from Bacillus subtilis had a structure that was similar to that of a β‐expansin produced by maize. Therefore, we cloned the BsEXLX1 gene and expressed it in Escherichia coli to evaluate its function. When incubated with filter paper as a cellulose substrate, the recombinant protein exhibited both cellulose‐binding and cellulose‐weakening activities, which are known functions of plant expansins. In addition, evaluation of the enzymatic hydrolysis of filter paper revealed that the recombinant protein also displayed a significant synergism when mixed with cellulase. By comparing the activity of a mixture of cellulase and the bacterial expansin to the additive activity of the individual proteins, the synergistic activity was found to be as high as 240% when filter paper was incubated with cellulase and BsEXLX1, which was 5.7‐fold greater than the activity of cellulase alone. However, this synergistic effect was observed when only a low dosage of cellulase was used. This is the first study to characterize the function of an expansin produced by a non‐eukaryotic source. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 1342–1353. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)碱性脂肪酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

将来自枯草芽孢杆菌的碱性脂肪酶基因经密码子优化,全基因合成后克隆到pPICZαA载体,构建了pPICZαA-bsl分泌型重组质粒,该重组质粒经限制性内切酶PmeI线性化后使用LiCl法转化到毕赤酵母X-33,经过筛选获得分泌表达碱性脂肪酶的重组毕赤酵母X-33/pPICZαA-bsl。摇瓶发酵液上清酶活最高可达4.78 U/mL,初步研究了该脂肪酶的酶学性质,其最适作用温度为40-60℃,最适pH9.0,且具有高度耐碱的特性。该重组脂肪酶对旧新闻纸具备较明显的脱墨能力。     

Characterization of Trichoderma reesei endoglucanase ii expressed heterologously in Pichia pastoris for better biofinishing and biostoning

The endoglucanase II of Trichoderma reesei is considered the most effective enzyme for biofinishing cotton fabrics and biostoning denim garments. However, the commercially available preparation of endoglucanase II is usually mixed with other cellulase components, especially endoglucanase I, resulting in hydrolysis and weight loss of garments during biofinishing and biostoning. We thus isolated the endoglucanase II gene from T. reesei to express this in Pichia pastoris, under the control of a methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter, to avoid the presence of other cellulase components. A highly expressible Mut(+) transformant was selected and its expression in BMMH medium was found most suitable for the production of large amounts of the recombinant protein. Recombinant endoglucanase II was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, and functionally characterized by activity staining. The specific activity of recombinant endoglucanase II was found to be 220.57 EU/mg of protein. Purified recombinant endoglucanase II was estimated to have a molecular mass of 52.8 kDa. The increase in molecular mass was likely due to hyperglycosylation. Hyperglycosylation of recombinant endoglucanase II secreted by P. pastoris did not change the temperature or pH optima as compared to the native protein, but did result in increased thermostability. Kinetic analysis showed that recombinant endoglucanase was most active against amorphous cellulose, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, for which it also had a high affinity.     

乙型肝炎病毒X基因真核表达载体的构建及其在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的表达

目的：在巴斯德毕赤酵母中表达乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）X蛋白,为探讨HBVX蛋白与慢性乙型肝炎及肝细胞癌发生的关系奠定基础。方法：用PCR方法扩增X基因序列,并分别在上下游引入XhoⅠ和XbaⅠ酶切位点,插入pPICZαA载体,转化大肠杆菌TOP10,筛选阳性克隆,对其进行PCR和双酶切及测序鉴定,构建HBVX蛋白毕赤酵母表达质粒pPICZαA-HBx;电击转化毕赤酵母GS115,对阳性克隆进行诱导表达后经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定目的蛋白。结果：双酶切pPICZαA-HBx后,琼脂糖电泳可分别见到大小约为3.1kb和465bp的片段,表明目的片段已插入载体中,序列测定表明其含有完整的X基因片段,Western blotting结果显示含有pPICZαA-HBx的毕赤酵母GS115能分泌表达X蛋白。结论：构建了毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA-HBx,并能在毕赤酵母GS115中分泌表达X蛋白。     

Cloning of novel cellulases from cellulolytic fungi: heterologous expression of a family 5 glycoside hydrolase from Trametes versicolor in Pichia pastoris

Total cDNA isolated from cellulolytic fungi cultured in cellulose was examined for the presence of sequences encoding for endoglucanases. Novel sequences encoding for glycoside hydrolases (GHs) were identified in Fusarium oxysporum, Ganoderma applanatum and Trametes versicolor. The cDNA encoding for partial sequences of GH family 61 cellulases from F. oxysporum and G. applanatum shares 58 and 68% identity with endoglucanases from Glomerella graminicola and Laccaria bicolor, respectively. A new GH family 5 endoglucanase from T. versicolor was also identified. The cDNA encoding for the mature protein was completely sequenced. This enzyme shares 96% identity with Trametes hirsuta endoglucanase and 22% with Trichoderma reesei endoglucanase II (EGII). The enzyme, named TvEG, has N-terminal family 1 carbohydrate binding module (CBM1). The full length cDNA was cloned into the pPICZαB vector and expressed as an active, extracellular enzyme in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Preliminary studies suggest that T. versicolor could be useful for lignocellulose degradation.     

瑞氏木霉木糖醇脱氢酶基因的分离与鉴定

将在木聚糖上生长的瑞氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)RutC-30的cDNA文库全部质粒转化已携带有毕赤氏酵(Pithia stipitis)木糖还原酶基因的重组酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)菌株H475,在H475中构建了瑞氏木霉的cDNA表达亚文库。在以木糖为唯一碳源的选择性酵母合成培养基上,从该亚文库中筛选到瑞氏木霉木糖醇脱氢酶cDNA基因．该基因片段长为1．3kb。Southern、Norhern印迹杂交分析和蛋白质凝胶电泳结果表明该基因确实来源于瑞氏木霉,所编码蛋白质分子量约为40kDa。携带有毕赤氏酵母木糖还原酶和瑞氏木霉木糖醇脱氢酶基因的重组酵母能够在以木糖为唯一碳源的培养基上生长,并能将90％以上的木糖转化为木糖醇、乙醇和其它副产品。     

人白细胞介素12基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母细胞中的表达(英文)

人白细胞介素 12 (hIL 12 )是人体内具有多种生物学活性的免疫调节因子 ,由p4 0和p35两个亚基经多对二硫键连接而成 .根据hIL 12的结构特点 ,采用LiCl二次转化将hIL 12的p4 0和p35两亚基基因导入巴斯德毕赤酵母X33细胞中 ,并经同源交换分别插入酵母基因组AOX1区域 ,构建成含hIL 12双亚基基因的酵母工程菌PichiapastorisX33 p4 0 p35 .经 0 .5 %甲醇诱导 ,p4 0和p35两亚基在同一酵母细胞中得到了表达 ,并组装成具有生物学活性的hIL 12p70分子     

海蚕新型抗菌肽Perinerin在毕赤酵母中的表达及活性测定

摘要：利用巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统,对海蚕抗菌肽 Perinerin 进行分泌性表达,并进行活性检测。首先通过 SOE 法（Gene splicing by over lap extension）设计三对互补引物来合成完整的Perinerin 的基因,将该基因片断插入到含有AOX1启动子和α分泌信号肽序列载体pPICZαA中,构建了重组表达质粒 pPICZαA-PEN ,转化Pichia pastoris GS115 宿主菌,利用甲醇来诱导外源基因在阳性菌株中的表达,表达产物经 Tricine-SDS-PAGE 电泳验证。生物学活性检测证实重组蛋白对部分革兰阳性及革兰阴性细菌有明显抑制作用,尤其对绿脓杆菌有强烈的抑制作用。     

Hydrolysis and fermentation of amorphous cellulose by recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae

In this study, we expressed two cellulase encoding genes, an endoglucanase of Trichoderma reesei (EGI) and the beta-glucosidase of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera (BGL1), in combination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The resulting strain was able to grow on phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC) through simultaneous production of sufficient extracellular endoglucanase and beta-glucosidase activity. Anaerobic growth (0.03h(-1)) up to 0.27gl(-1) DCW was observed on medium containing 10gl(-1) PASC as sole carbohydrate source with concomitant ethanol production of up to 1.0gl(-1). We have thus demonstrated the construction of a yeast strain capable of growth on and one-step conversion of amorphous cellulose to ethanol, representing significant progress towards realization of one-step processing of cellulosic biomass in a consolidated bioprocessing configuration. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a recombinant strain of S. cerevisiae growing on pure cellulose.