甲基营养菌WB-1甲胺磷降解酶的产生、部分纯化及性质

甲基营养菌WB１菌株在以甲胺磷作碳氮源的无机盐培养基上生长时,产生甲胺磷降解酶情况较好,培养20 h为细胞收获的适宜时期。所得细胞经过超声波破碎、吐温20抽提、热处理(60℃,9min)\,DEAE\|纤维素32和CM\|纤维素32柱层析等步骤,得到的酶制品比活力为180U/mg,收率78.8%,纯化倍数22.8。纯化的酶制品经连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,呈现一条主带,酶活力染色则呈现一条与之对应的活性谱带;该酶催化反应的适宜pH为90,底物专一性不强,Hg²⁺\,Mn²⁺\,Cu²⁺对酶有强烈的抑制作用。部分纯化酶制品在-20℃(0.1mol/L的磷酸盐溶液中)存放5d,酶活力丧失约60%。     

海洋细菌Agarivorans albus NBRC102603琼胶酶的分离纯化

利用盐析、分子筛和离子交换等方法对海洋细菌Agarivorans albus NBRC102603分泌的琼胶酶粗酶液进行分离纯化,得到琼胶酶A和琼胶酶B.琼胶酶A纯化倍数为17.51倍,酶比活力为881.82 U/mg;琼胶酶B纯化倍数为16.64倍,酶比活力为838.32 U/mg.纯化的琼胶酶经SDS-PAGE检测,显示为单一条带,其相对分子质量分别为酶A 8.36×104和酶B 3.68×104.     

黄姑鱼肌肉胆碱酯酶的纯化及其某些性质

用亲和层析方法纯化了黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)肌肉胆碱酯酶。结合在膜上的胆碱酯酶用两种非离子型表面活性剂的混合液抽提、硫酸铵分级沉淀、再经一次亲和层析,共提纯11,800倍,最高比活力达2180活力单位/毫克蛋白,总活力回收约20%。纯化后的酶用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,除部分酶蛋白留在原点外,在凝胶内为单一蛋白染色区带,具有酶活力。SephadexG-200凝胶过滤得两个酶活力峰。亲和吸附剂在八个月内反复使用近20次,性能不变。对酶的一般性质作了初步的研究。根据酶的底物专一性、受真性酶专一性抑制剂抑制作用的敏感性及过量底物抑制作用的存在,可以认为黄姑鱼肌肉胆碱酯酶基本上具有真性酶的特征。     

黄姑鱼肌肉胆碱酯酶的纯化及其某些性质

用亲和层析方法纯化了黄姑鱼(Nibea albifiora)肌肉胆碱酯酶。结合在膜上的胆碱酯酶用两种非离子型表面活性剂的混合液抽提、硫酸铵分级沉淀、再经一次亲和层析,共提纯11,800倍,最高比活力达2180活力单位/毫克蛋白,总活力回收约20%。纯化后的酶用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,除部分酶蛋白留在原点外,在凝胶内为单一蛋白染色区带,具有酶活力。SephadexG-200凝胶过滤得两个酶活力峰。亲和吸附剂在八个月内反复使用近20次,性能不变。对酶的一般性质作了初步的研究。根据酶的底物专一性、受真性酶专一性抑制剂抑制作用的敏感性及过量底物抑制作用的存在,可以认为黄姑鱼肌肉胆碱酯酶基本上具有真性酶的特征。     

链霉菌Strz-6木聚糖酶的纯化和固定化研究

链霉菌胞外木聚糖酶经过盐析、离子交换和分子筛层析纯化,粗酶液被纯化了32.5倍,比活力达498u/mg,活力回收46.6%。纯化后的酶固定在戊二醛交联的壳聚糖上,酶活回收率为42.8%。固定化酶的最适pH为6.0,最适温度为60℃,且固定化酶在65~75℃活力都较高。该酶的耐热性比较强,固定化酶热稳定性优于原酶;以木聚糖为底物,固定化酶的表观米氏常数为0.93×10-2g/L。     

重组L-门冬酰胺酶工程菌的表达和PEG的化学修饰

目的提高重组L-门冬酰胺酶(rL-ASP)工程菌的表达量,分离纯化rL-ASP并对之进行PEG化学修饰。方法将带有编码rL-ASP的基因的质粒(pKA)导入不同的宿主菌中,挑出高表达菌株,同时优化发酵培养基,分离纯化获得的高纯度rL-ASP再用PEG进行化学修饰,SDS-PAGE检测修饰效果。结果在pH7.0的条件下,宿主菌为JMl09的工程菌pKA/JMl09酶活力最高,三角瓶振摇培养的酶活力可达216×103IU/L;发酵罐发酵培养,酶活力达312×103IU/L。纯化后的rL-ASP比活力为220IU/mg,rL-ASP经过PEG化学修饰生成rL-ASP-PEG,分子量发生改变。结论改变目标蛋白表达的宿主菌和优化发酵工艺,提高了rL-ASP的表达量,纯化的rL-ASP经过PEG化学修饰后分子量增大。     

地中海拟无枝酸杆菌甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶和消旋酶的纯化及性质

采用原生质体裂解方法确定甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶(MCM)和消旋酶(MCR)均是胞浆内酶。各经过四步纯化得到电泳纯酶。纯化MCM酶的比活力为12.84u/mg,纯化倍数为528,酶活回收为60％,纯化的MCM酶服从典型的米氏底物饱和曲线,对琥珀酰CoA和辅酶B_(12)的K_m值分别为9.723#mol/L和0.1277#mol/L。经SephadexG-150测定MCM分子量约为134.000±2000,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示两条分子量分别为67000和65000的蛋白带,说明该酶由两个大小不等亚基组成。吸收光谱测定每摩尔纯化全酶含两摩尔辅酶B_(12)。纯化MCR酶比活力为2.305u/mg,纯化倍数96,酶活回收46.7％。MCR酶由两个分子量均为17500的亚基组成。MCR酶活性能被二价金属离子Cu²⁺、Co²⁺、Mg²⁺、Mn²⁺和Fe²⁺所促进。两酶的酶学性质和其他生物来源的MCM、MCR酶明显相似。     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌凝乳酶的克隆、重组表达及酶学性质

为了实现解淀粉芽孢杆菌来源凝乳酶的异源表达,并探究重组凝乳酶的酶学性质。以解淀粉芽孢杆菌基因组DNA为模板,扩增得到凝乳酶编码基因proMCE,构建了重组菌株E.coliBL21(pET28a-proMCE),并成功表达了重组凝乳酶。通过Ni柱亲和层析法纯化具有活性的凝乳酶,分子量大小约为28.5kDa,纯化后比酶活达到1096.97SU/mg,纯化倍数达到4.56倍,回收率为66.51%。对该重组酶酶学性质进行了初步研究,重组凝乳酶分别在70℃、65℃表现最大凝乳酶活力与蛋白酶活力,60℃处理20min,凝乳酶活力与蛋白酶活力均被钝化80%,为热不定性酶。酶的最适反应pH为5.0。在pH5~7条件下处理后,凝乳酶活力相对稳定,能保留超过70%的活力。     

龙须菜中溴过氧化物酶的分离纯化及酶学性质分析

对中国北方海域江蓠属养殖龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)进行了溴过氧化物酶分离纯化及性质的研究。粗提液中酶催化检测反应不稳定, 活力单位较低或无; 经DEAE cellulose 52离子交换层析, 去除了结构多糖及藻胆蛋白, 酶催化反应稳定, 得到比活力为2.8的电泳纯溴过氧化物酶。对纯化溴过氧化物酶性质研究表明: 该溴过氧化物酶为单体酶, 分子量约66 kD, 溴化单氯双甲酮时的最适pH值为6.0, 在40°C以下和pH 3.0~9.0之间有很好的稳定性。钒酸盐可提高该溴过氧化物酶的催化活性, 而Fe2+、Fe3+、Cu2+、Zn2+和EDTA等化合物对其有较显著的抑制作用。反应动力学实验表明, 该酶对Br-、H2O2的Km分别为53.5 mmol/L和38 mmol/L。     

龙须菜中溴过氧化物酶的分离纯化及酶学性质分析

对中国北方海域江蓠属养殖龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)进行了溴过氧化物酶分离纯化及性质的研究。粗提液中酶催化检测反应不稳定, 活力单位较低或无; 经DEAE cellulose 52离子交换层析, 去除了结构多糖及藻胆蛋白, 酶催化反应稳定, 得到比活力为2.8的电泳纯溴过氧化物酶。对纯化溴过氧化物酶性质研究表明: 该溴过氧化物酶为单体酶, 分子量约66 kD, 溴化单氯双甲酮时的最适pH值为6.0, 在40°C以下和pH 3.0~9.0之间有很好的稳定性。钒酸盐可提高该溴过氧化物酶的催化活性, 而Fe2+、Fe3+、Cu2+、Zn2+和EDTA等化合物对其有较显著的抑制作用。反应动力学实验表明, 该酶对Br-、H2O2的Km分别为53.5 mmol/L和38 mmol/L。     

Class I and III polyhydroxyalkanoate synthases from Ralstonia eutropha and Allochromatium vinosum: characterization and substrate specificity studies

Class I and III polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthases catalyze the conversion of beta-hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A (HBCoA) to polyhydroxybutyrate. The Class I PHA synthase from Ralstonia eutropha has been purified by numerous labs with reported specific activities that vary between 1 and 160 U/mg. An N-terminal (His)6-PHA synthase was constructed and purified with specific activity of 40 U/mg. The variable activity is shown to be related to the protein's propensity to aggregate and not to incomplete post-translational modification by coenzyme A and a phosphopantetheinyl transferase. The substrate specificities of this enzyme and the Class III PHA synthase from Allochromatium vinosum have been determined with nine analogs of varied chain length and branching, OH group position within the chain, and thioesters. The results suggest that in vitro, both PHA synthases are very specific and provide further support for their active site structural similarities. In vitro results differ from studies in vivo.     

Purification and Characterization of d-Aminoacylase from Alcaligenes faecalis DA1

A d-aminoacylase from Alcaligenes faecalis DA1 has been purified to homogeneity by a simple purification procedure with two columns, Fractogel DEAE-650 and HW-50. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was found to be 580 U/mg of protein with N-acetyl-dl-methionine as the reaction substrate. The apparent molecular weight and isoelectric point of this enzyme were determined to be 55,000 and 5.4, respectively.     

Purification of the human thyroid peroxidase and its identification as the microsomal antigen involved in autoimmune thyroid diseases

Human thyroid peroxidase (TPO) has been purified from thyroid microsomes by immunoaffinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to TPO. The eluted material had a specific activity of 381 U/mg and exhibited a peak in the Soret region. The ratio of A411 to A280 ranged from 0.20 to 0.25. Upon SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified enzyme gave two contiguous bands in the 100 kDa region. Further, it has been demonstrated that sera with anti-microsomal autoantibodies from patients presenting Graves' or Hashimoto's thyroiditis diseases were able to bind to purified TPO and to inhibit in a dose-dependent manner the mAb binding to purified TPO. This suggests that TPO is the thyroid antigen termed to date the microsomal antigen.     

硅藻土在青霉素G酰化酶提纯中的应用

国产硅藻土经氢氧化铵处理后可用于从发酰液中直接取青霉素Ｇ酰化酶,平均吸附量为９０Ｕ／ｇ。吸附的酶可用２２％硫酸铵－０．３ｍｏｌ／ＬＰＢＳ（ｐＨ８．０）溶液洗脱。平均比１８Ｕ／１８Ｕｍｇ蛋白（ＮＩＰＡＢ法）。硅藻土可反复使用。苯乙酰胺－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ树脂可对酶作进一步的纯化。     

The design of a simple competitive ELISA using human proinsulin-alkaline phosphatase conjugates prepared by gene fusion

The gene encoding human proinsulin has been fused in-frame with the E. coli alkaline phosphatase gene (pho A) (EC 3.1.3.1). Two constructions are described. One construction consists of the entire proinsulin gene fused to the 5'-terminal end of pho A. In the other construction a 42 base pair DNA fragment has been deleted from the 3'-terminal end of the proinsulin gene. The two purified fusion proteins are enzymatically active showing a specific activity of 10-15 U/mg and 18-25 U/mg, respectively. The first construction exhibited insulin antigenicity and was used to design a simple competitive ELISA for insulin. The lower detection limit was found to be at least 2.5 ng/ml. Both fusion proteins were also shown to have potential for use in a competitive ELISA for proinsulin.     

Purification of the major glucanase of Oerskovia xanthineolytica LL-G109

Summary A major lytic -1,3-glucanase with M_r = 31,000 has been purified to homogeneity from Oerskovia xanthineolytica LL-G109. This enzyme had a specific activity of 11.1 U/mg and a pI of 5.0.     

Modified simplified method for isolation of lysostaphin from the culture filtrate ofStaphylococcus staphylolyticus

The present paper reports a modified method for isolation of lysostaphin—a bacteriolytic agent with specific affinity for staphylococcal cell wall. The proposed purification scheme includes three steps. The first procedure is ultrafiltration through a membrane filter giving a yield of 75.6 %. The result of ultrafiltration is a concentrated, 10-times purified preparation of lysostaphin with specific activity 0.62 U/mg which can be used for digestion ofS. aureus cells. Further step, performed by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, yields a 60-times purified preparation containing a mixture of enzyme components of lysostaphin. The yield of this step is 47.2 %, the preparation contains 3.54 U/mg protein. Using gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 a component with hexosaminidase activity was separated from the endopeptidase component on the basis of molar mass difference. A 270-times purified preparation of lysostaphin-endopeptidase with minimum of contaminating substances was obtained in this step. The yield of gel filtration was 22.1 %, specific activity increased up to 16.3 U/mg protein.     

Purification of transketolase from baker's yeast by an immunoadsorbent

Baker's yeast transketolase has been purified by immunoaffinity chromatography on specific TK antibodies covalently linked to CNBr-agarose. Affinity chromatography allows a 480-fold purification of TK from yeast extracts and about 80% recovery of the original activity. The isolated enzyme has a specific activity of 12-60 U/mg and during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis performed at pH 8.9 migrates as two protein bands possessing a transketolase activity which corresponds to two isoforms of the enzyme.     

Purification and characterization of glucoamylase from a higher yielding mutant of Aspergillus candidus Link var. aureus

Summary A higher yielding mutant of Aspergillus candidus Link var. aureus has been isolated using the chemical mutagen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) at 5 g/ml concentration of the mutagen. This mutant produces 88 to 111 U/ml of glucoamylase compared with 40 to 50 U/ml produced by the parent strain. The enzyme from this mutant has been purified to homogeneity using hydrophobic interaction chromatography and a DEAE-cellulose column with over 65% recovery of the enzyme activity and 21-fold purification. The mutant protein is very similar to the enzyme from the parent strain in that it cochromatographs with the parent enzyme on phenylglycyl-Sepharose, norleucyl-Sepharose, Sepharose-CL-6B, Concanavalin A-Sepharose, DEAE-cellulose and DEAE-Sephadex-A-50. The two proteins exhibit similar electrophoretic behavior and have similar molecular weights and amino acid composition. However, the specific activity of the purified mutant protein is 1125 U/mg compared with 560 U/mg for the parent enzyme. Further genetic analysis of the mutant is needed to explain these observations.