盆栽珍品——捕蝇草

在全世界约５００种食虫植物中,捕蝇草是最著名的种类之一。从它的英文俗名———Ｖｅｎｕｓ＇ｆｌｙ-ｔｒａｐ（爱神的蝇夹子）上,就可以看出西方人对这种食虫小草奇妙的捕虫器官和捕虫本领的青睐程度。因此,将其栽在花盆中,置于自己的案头,也成了一种即有情又有趣的时尚...     

与野生食虫植物的会面

猪笼草、茅膏菜、捕蝇草……这些大名鼎鼎的“食虫植物”,作为能够捕食动物的绿色植物,在人们心中或多或少总会留下一些神秘色彩。也许在花卉市场上,或者在电视的科教频道,食虫植物会偶然现身,但是我们和野生的食虫植物零距离接触时才会发现,有些情况依旧不曾料想得到。     

与野生食虫植物的会面

猪笼草、茅膏菜、捕蝇草……这些大名鼎鼎的“食虫植物”,作为能够捕食动物的绿色植物,在人们心中或多或少总会留下一些神秘色彩。也许在花卉市场上,或者在电视的科教频道,食虫植物会偶然现身,但是我们和野生的食虫植物零距离接触时才会发现,有些情况依旧不曾料想得到。     

一项使捕蝇草免于灭绝的计划

一项使捕蝇草免于灭绝的计划在爱丁堡的霍利卢德公园实施的一项拯救计划使苏格兰最稀有的植物之一捕蝇草（Ｌｙｃｈｎｉｓｖｉｓｃａｒｉａ）避免了灭绝的命运。捕蝇草是石竹的一个亲缘种，因其茎有粘性、可以粘住苍蝇而得名。１６６８年在霍利卢德公园被发现。然而，到８...     

中国真缓步纲三新种及六新纪录种记述(近爪目:大生熊虫科,高生熊虫科)

记述了大生熊虫科大生熊虫属Ｍａｃｒｏｂｉｏｔｕｓ一新种和三新纪录种,即神农大生熊虫,新种Ｍ．ｓｈｅｎｎｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．桃形大生熊虫Ｍ．ｐｅｒｓｉｍｕｌｉｓ Ｂｉｎｄａ ＆ Ｐｉｌａｔｏ,１９７２,卷形大生熊虫Ｍ．ｒｏｌｌｅｉ Ｈｅｉｎｉｓ,１９２１,陆栖大生熊虫Ｍ．ｔｅｒｒｉｃｏｌａ Ｍｉｈｅｌｃｉｃ,１９４９以及趾生熊虫属一新种,即水生趾生熊虫,即长白等高熊虫,Ｉｓ,ｃｈａｎｇｂ     

中国并线隐翅虫属－新种及－新纪录（鞘翅目：隐翅虫科：胸片隐翅虫亚科）

本文报道中国并线隐翅虫属一新种,黑腹并线隐翅虫Ｎｕｄｏｂｉｕｓｎｉｇｒｉｖｅｎｔｒｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,一新纪录种,红鞘并线隐翅虫Ｎｕｄｏｂｉｕｓｌｅｎｔｕｓ（Ｇｒａｖｅｎｈｏｒｓｔ）。     

中国横线隐翅虫属一新种及一新记录

中国横线隐翅虫属一新种及一新记录（鞘翅目：隐翅虫科,隐翅虫亚科）郑发科（四川师范学院生物系,南充６３７００２）横线隐翅虫属（Ｎｅｏｂｉｓｎｉｕｓ）由Ｇａｎｇｌｂａｕｅｒ（１８９５）建立。模式种为Ｎ．ｖｉｌｌｏｓｕｌｕｓ（Ｓｔｅｐｈｅｎｓ）。该属与伊里...     

贵州代化西部大标关纳缪尔晚期三叶虫

记述贵州代化西部大标关纳缪尔晚期地层（滑石板组）中的砑头虫科、短额虫科和菲利普虫科三叶虫５属（亚属）、４种和２未定种,其中有１新亚属：Ｍｉｃｒｏｐｈｉｌｌｉｐｓｉａ,３新种（新亚种）：Ｍｉｃｒｏｐｈｉｌｌｉｐｓｉａ ｃｙｌｉｎｄｒｉｃａ,Ｎｅｏｇｒｉｆｆｉｔｈｉｄｅｓ ｄａｉｈｕａｅｎｓｉｓ和Ｗｅａｎｉａ ｌｉｂｒｏｖｉｔｃｈｉ ｑｉａｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ。     

稻田蜘蛛群落优势种群的重建

研究稻田蜘蛛群落优势种食虫沟瘤蛛Ｕｍｍｅｌｉａｔａ ｉｎｓｅｃｔｉｃｅｐｓ Ｂｏｅｓ．ｅｔ Ｓｔｒ．和拟水狼蛛Ｐｉｒａｔａ ｓｕｂｐｉｒａｔｉｃｕｓ（Ｂｏｅｓ．ｅｔ Ｓｔｒ．）种群的重建过程。食虫沟瘤蛛种群的重建过程基本上体现过程基本上体现了由近而远、由稀而密的规律;拟水狼蛛种群则只能观察琉由稀布密的现象。采取适当的措施保护种库,增加种库中食虫沟瘤蛛和拟水蛛的数量,将有助于稻田蜘蛛群落优势种群的重     

西藏的捕食线虫真菌

从采自西藏海拔在３６４０～４３００米地区的１２５份土样中共检测到食线虫真菌４个属,共２８种。其中纤细梗虫霉Ｓｔｙｌｏｐａｇｅ　ａｒａｅａ ,滑丝梗虫霉Ｓｔｙｌｏｐｏｇｅ　ｌｅｉｏｈｙｐｈａ和印度单顶孢Ｍｏｎａｃｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ　 ｉｎｄｉｃｕｍ为中国新记录。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.