红托竹荪多糖抗氧化活性的研究

本文采用DPPH自由基、羟自由基及超氧阴离子自由基体系对红托竹荪多糖的抗氧化活性进行了研究,并同Vc和BHT进行了比较.结果表明,在0.2～1.2 mg/mL质量浓度范围内,红托竹荪多糖对DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的半数清除率(EC50)值分别为1.468、2.580和2.330,抗氧化活性稍强于BHT,但弱于VC.     

红果参提取物的抗氧化活性研究

超声辅助提取红果参中的抗氧化活性物质并用D-101大孔树脂纯化,以原花青素为指标测定抗氧化活性物质含量,研究了提取物对羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和亚硝酸盐体系的清除作用以及对油脂氧化体系的抑制作用。结果表明:红果参果实提取物表现出了对羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基及亚硝酸盐的优异的清除能力,对油脂氧化有极好的抑制作用,对自由基的清除率及抗油脂氧化能力与提取物中原花青素质量浓度均呈剂量正相关效应。     

Rhizobium sp. N613胞外多糖的抗氧化活性

以铁氰化钾和铁离子为检测系统测定了Rhizobium sp.N613胞外多糖(REPS)对氧化物的还原力;H2O2和Fe2+为羟自由基生成系统检测了REPS对羟自由基的清除作用;邻苯三酚自氧化法检测了REPS对超氧阴离子的清除作用;并体外检测了REPS对H2O2引起的氧化溶血现象的抑制作用及对小鼠肝组织脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用。结果显示,REPS对氧化物具有明显的还原力,其对羟自由基的清除作用达到35.46%(多糖浓度为2mg/mL),对超氧阴离子的清除作用达到36.84%(多糖浓度为0.78mg/mL),对H2O2引起的氧化溶血现象的抑制作用达到43.84%(多糖浓度为1.14mg/mL),对小鼠肝组织脂质过氧化的保护作用达到34.46%(多糖浓度为1.14mg/mL),表明REPS具有良好的抗氧化作用,有着重要的应用价值。     

凤仙花不同部位乙醇提取物多酚、黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性研究

采用55%的乙醇分别回流提取凤仙花的茎、叶、花中的活性物质,采用比色法测定各部位的多酚及总黄酮含量,测定各提取物对DPPH、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力和还原力等抗氧化活性指标。结果表明,凤仙花各部位的多酚(以没食子酸计)、总黄酮(以芦丁计)含量由高到低依次为凤仙花的叶、花、茎,多酚含量分别为72.81、66.07、33.07 mg/m L,总黄酮含量分别为112.13、108.06、30.62 mg/m L。各种提取物均有不同程度的抗氧化活性,且抗氧化活性与提取物浓度存在量效关系,其中叶提取物清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基活性以及还原力均最高,本研究为凤仙花作为低毒高效的天然抗氧化剂应用提供了依据。     

酶解骨胶原多肽的抗氧化特性研究

本文主要研究了酶解法制备的骨胶原多肽的总抗氧化能力、羟自由基清除作用和抑制超氧阴离子自由基的能力.通过与谷胱甘肽(GSH)的比较发现,溶液浓度在1130～150 mg/mL时,该骨胶原多肽的总抗氧化能力为GSH的71.92%.溶液浓度在2.5～20 mg/mL时,该多肽羟自由基清除作用为谷胱甘肽的1.36倍.溶液浓度为10～150 mg/mL时,多肽抑制超氧阴离子自由基的能力低于谷胱甘肽.     

不同来源家蝇幼虫蛋白粉的水解与抗氧化性

本研究比较不同来源、不同酶解物浓度的家蝇幼虫蛋白及其抗氧化活性。以来自猪粪源和鸡粪源家蝇幼虫为原料制备蛋白粉,用胰蛋白酶水解蛋白粉制备水解产物,以·OH和O_2~-·清除率为指标评价两种蛋白酶解物的抗氧化活性。结果显示,家蝇幼虫蛋白水解物在4 h达水解度最高值,其水解物的·OH清除率在5 h达到最大为59.02%,其水解物的O_2~-·清除率在4 h达到最大为73.24%;随着两种水解物浓度增加,其抗氧化效果越强,当猪粪源和鸡粪源家蝇幼虫酶解物浓度为10 mg/mL时,两者O_2~-·清除率达到最大分别为70%和80%;·OH清除率分别为45%和52%。由此可见,家蝇幼虫酶水解物对超氧阴离子、羟自由基均有清除能力,鸡粪源家蝇幼虫酶解物优于猪粪源。     

紫皮石斛总酚提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性研究

目的：研究紫皮石斛总酚提取工艺及体外抗氧化活性。方法：在单因素试验的基础上，采用响应面法优化紫皮石斛总酚的超声波辅助提取工艺条件，通过测定紫皮石斛总酚对超氧阴离子、DPPH自由基及羟自由基的清除率，评价其抗氧化活性。结果：紫皮石斛总酚最优提取工艺条件为乙醇浓度69%，料液比1∶40 (g/mL)，提取时间31 min，在此条件下总酚提取量为1.56 mg/g，与理论值1.58 mg/g接近。紫皮石斛总酚对超氧阴离子、羟自由基及DPPH自由基的半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)分别为19.40μg/mL、118.35μg/mL及30.75μg/mL。结论：优选的紫皮石斛总酚提取工艺合理可行，且其具有较强的体外抗氧化活性。     

钮子七提取物的抗氧化作用及对胃癌细胞的抑制作用

以钮子七提取物为材料,通过邻苯三酚自氧化法测定钮子七提取物对超氧阴离子生成的影响,通过邻二氮菲溶液测定钮子七提取物对羟自由基的清除作用;采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定钮子七提取物对胃癌细胞生长的影响。结果显示,钮子七水提取物和70%乙醇提取物对超氧阴离子的产生有较强的抑制作用,在浓度大于5.0 mg/m L时,抑制作用显著增强。钮子七70%乙醇提取物和水提取物均有清除羟自由基的作用,在浓度大于2.5 mg/m L时清除作用显著增强。钮子七水提物和乙酸乙酯提取物在24 h、48 h及72 h后对胃癌细胞均有抑制作用,且都以作用72 h后抑制作用最强。结果表明,钮子七提取物具有较强的抗氧化作用以及较强的抑制胃癌细胞的作用。     

南瓜醇提物的体外抗氧化活性(英文)

采用化学体系模拟法体外测定南瓜醇提物((pumpkin ethanol extract,PEE)对1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼自由基(DPPH·)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2)和羟自由基(·OH)的清除能力,总还原力,对β-胡萝卜素/亚油酸自氧化体系的总抗氧化能力以及脂质过氧化的抑制能力.结果显示PEE对DPPH·、02-和·OH均有较强的清除能力,IC50值分别为18.8 mg/mL、29.0 ms/mL和44.9μg/mL,有显著的还原力和总抗氧化力,对脂质过氧化有一定的抑制作用.PEE的体外抗氧化活性均有良好的量效关系.上述结果为南瓜作为抗氧化的保健食品或功能食品开发利用提供了依据.     

葎草多糖含量测定及其抗氧化性研究

对8月和10月采集的葎草全草、嫩头、叶和茎中多糖含量进行测定,并对各部位提取纯化的多糖进行体外抗氧化作用研究。结果表明,8月份嫩头中多糖含量最高,达到(42.897±2.996)mg/g;浓度为5mg/mL的各部位葎草多糖溶液,对Fenton反应生成的羟自由基具有较强的清除能力,达85.15%～98.52%;对邻苯三酚自氧化法产生的超氧阴离子自由基也有较好的抑制能力,达57.15%～67.54%。葎草多糖对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基具有较高的清除能力。     

瓦宁木层孔菌中多酚和黄酮类成分分离及清除自由基活性的研究

采用硅胶和反相C18柱层析方法,首次从瓦宁木层孔菌中分离得到了5个化合物,运用NMR波谱法分析和鉴定为樱花亭、7-甲氧基二氢莰非素、二氢莰非素、4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮、hispolon。并通过建立体外二苯基苦味酰基苯肼自由基(·DPPH)、超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)以及羟自由基(·OH)发生体系,研究了5个化合物对·DPPH、·OH和·O2-的清除作用。结果表明当浓度达到100μg/mL时,化合物4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮和hispolon对·DPPH清除率分别为92%和93%,对·OH的清除率分别为90%和95%,而对·O2-的清除率分别为70%和77%,略低于清除·DPPH和·OH的能力;二氢莰非素对·O2-自由基的清除率为39%,强于清除·OH和·DPPH的能力;而樱花亭和7-甲氧基二氢莰非素对3种自由基的清除率均低于30%。2个多酚类化合物清除自由基的能力均强于3个黄酮类化合物。5个化合物清除自由基能力均表现出一定的浓度依赖性。     

灰树花提取物清除氧自由基的研究

采用化学发光法比较了灰树花各提取物对超氧阴离子自由基、羟基自由基的清除效果。研究结果表明,灰树花子实体和菌丝体的提取物对羟基自由基均有很好的清除作用,灰树花菌丝体水提物(GFME)、灰树花子实体水提物(GFE)、灰树花子实体水提多糖(GFP)、灰树花子实体碱提多糖(GFAP)清除羟基自由基的IC50均小于1.0 mg/mL,其他提取物清除羟基自由基的IC50也均小于3.0 mg/mL。而对超氧阴离子自由基仅GFME、GFMP、GFE有清除作用,其他的提取物清除作用很弱。     

Chemiluminescence assay for reactive oxygen species scavenging activities and inhibition on oxidative damage of DNA in Deinococcus radiodurans.

Free radical scavenging effects of the cellular protein extracts from two strains of Deinococcus radiodurans and Escherichia coli against O2-, H2O2 and *OH were investigated by chemiluminescence (CL) methods. The cellular protein extracts of D. radiodurans R1 and KD8301 showed higher scavenging effects on O2- than that of E. coli. D. radiodurans R1 and KD8301 also strongly scavenged H2O2 with an EC50 (50% effective concentration) of 0.12 and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively, compared to that of E. coli (EC50 = 3.56 mg/mL). The two strains of D. radiodurans were effective in scavenging *OH generated by the Fenton reaction, with EC50 of 0.059 and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively, compared to that of E. coli (EC50 > 1 mg/mL). Results from the chemiluminescence assay of *OH-induced DNA damage and the plasmid pUC18 DNA double-strand break (DSB) model in vitro showed that D. radiodurans had remarkably inhibitory effect on the *OH-induced oxidative damage of DNA. The scavenging effects of D. radiodurans on reactive oxygen species (ROS) played an important role in the response to oxidation stress and preventing against DNA oxidative damage, and may be attributed to intracellular scavenging proteins, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase.     

Relevance of molecular weight of chitosan and its derivatives and their antioxidant activities in vitro

The antioxidant potency of different molecular weight (DMW) chitosan and sulfated chitosan derivatives was investigated employing various established in vitro systems, such as superoxide (O(2)(.-))/hydroxyl ((-.)OH) radicals scavenging, reducing power, iron ion chelating. As expected, we obtained several satisfying results, as follows: firstly, low molecular weight chitosan had stronger scavenging effect on O(2)(.-) and (-.)OH than high molecular weight chitosan. For example the O(2)(.-) scavenging activity of low molecular weight chitosan (9 kDa) and high molecular weight chitosan (760 kDa) were 85.86% and 35.50% at 1.6 mg/mL, respectively. Secondly, comparing with DMW chitosan, DMW sulfated chitosans had the stronger inhibition effect on O(2)(.-). At 0.05 mg/mL, the scavenging activity on O(2)(.-) reached 86.26% for low molecular weight chitosan sulfate (9 kDa), but that of low molecular weight chitosan (9 kDa) was 85.86% at 1.6 mg/mL. As concerning chitosan and sulfated chitosan of the same molecular weight, scavenging activities of sulfated chitosan on superoxide and hydroxyl radicals were more pronounced than that of chitosan. Thirdly, low molecular weight chitosan sulfate had more effective scavenging activity on O(2)(.-) and (-.)OH than that of high molecular weight chitosan sulfate. Fourthly, DMW chitosans and sulfated chitosans were efficient in the reducing power, especially LCTS. Their orders were found to be LCTS>CTS4>HCTS>CTS3>CTS2>CTS1>CTS. Fifthly, CTS4 showed more considerable ferrous ion-chelating potency than others. Finally, the scavenging rate and reducing power of DMW chitosan and sulfated derivatives increased with their increasing concentration. Moreover, change of DMW sulfated chitosans was the most pronounced within the experimental concentration. However, chelating effect of DMW chitosans were not concentration dependent except for CTS4 and CTS1.     

盐穗木金属硫蛋白HcMT的体外自由基清除活性及抗氧化能力*

目的: 原核表达盐穗木(Halostachys caspica C. A. Mey.)金属硫蛋白HcMT并探究其抗氧化活性。方法: 构建原核表达载体pET-32a-HcMT,转化至大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21,加入Zn²⁺胁迫培养(终浓度为200 μmol/L),分离纯化得到Zn-HcMT,测定Zn-HcMT自由基清除活性和总抗氧化能力,制备复合物Zn-HcMT/TiO₂并做FTIR表征。结果: 通过原核表达获得融合蛋白Zn-HcMT,对·OH、O₂·^-、DPPH自由基具有较强的清除活性,对·OH、O₂·^-的IC₅₀分别为0.386 mg/mL、0.038 mg/mL。融合蛋白浓度为0.01 mg/mL时,对DPPH清除率达(37.43 ± 0.006 8)%,浓度为0.3mg/mL时TEAC(trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity)值为(1.023 ± 0.01)mmol/L,融合蛋白还原力A₇₀₀为0.142 ± 0.055,FTIR图谱同时表现了Zn-HcMT和TiO₂吸收特性。结论: Zn-HcMT具有良好的清除ROS活性及较强的抗氧化能力,在化妆品领域有潜在应用前景。     

The antioxidant activity of glucosamine hydrochloride in vitro

The antioxidant potency of chitin derivative-glucosamine hydrochloride was investigated employing various established in vitro systems, such as superoxide (O2*-)/hydroxyl (*OH)-radical scavenging, reducing power, and ferrous ion chelating potency. As expected, we obtained several satisfying results, as follows: first, glucosamine hydrochloride had pronounced scavenging effect on superoxide radical. For example, the O2*- scavenging activity of glucosamine hydrochloride was 83.74% at 0.8 mg/mL. Second, the *OH scavenging activity of glucosamine hydrochloride was also strong and was about 54.89% at 3.2 mg/mL. Third, the reducing power of glucosamine hydrochloride was more pronounced. The reducing power of glucosamine hydrochloride was 0.632 at 0.75 mg/mL. However, ferrous ion-chelating potency was soft. Furthermore, ferrous ion-chelating potency, the scavenging rate of radical, and the reducing power of glucosamine hydrochloride increased with their increasing concentration, and they were concentration dependent. The multiple antioxidant activity of glucosamine hydrochloride was evident as it showed considerable reducing power, superoxide/hydroxyl-radical scavenging ability. These in vitro results suggest the possibility that glucosamine hydrochloride could be effectively employed as an ingredient in health or functional food, to alleviate oxidative stress.     

蛹虫草无性型菌丝体提取液体外抗氧化活性研究

分别测定了蛹虫草无性型菌丝体不同溶剂提取液在不同抗氧化模型中的抗氧化作用。结果表明,各种提取液对二苯基苦味酰基苯肼自由基(·DPPH)和羟自由基(·OH)均有显著的清除作用:在50mg/mL时,去离子水、70%乙醇和70%丙酮提取物对DPPH自由基的清除率分别为89.2%、83.6%和75.9%;70%乙醇提取物在30mg/mL时对·OH自由基的清除率达到100%;在50mg/mL时70%丙酮和去离子水提取物的·OH自由基清除率分别为95.6%和89.6%。在一定浓度下,各提取液对邻苯三酚自氧化也均有抑制作用;不同溶剂提取物的还原能力强弱为:70%乙醇>去离子水>70%丙酮。各种提取物的抗氧化组分不同,提取物浓度与抗氧化性成正相关。     

蝉虫草菌丝体胞内和胞外多糖抗肝细胞氧化损伤比较研究

蝉虫草（蝉花）作为我国传统的中药材,是一种药食两用的虫生真菌,因含有丰富的活性物质而具有广泛的医疗保健价值。本研究以自由基清除率为指标分析蝉虫草胞内和胞外多糖的化学抗氧化活性,再以H₂O₂诱导的人肝LO2细胞氧化损伤为模型,进而分析比较二者对肝细胞氧化应激损伤的改善作用。结果表明,在化学抗氧化能力比较上,蝉虫草菌丝体胞外多糖有效清除?OH自由基、ABTS自由基和DPPH自由基的EC₅₀值分别为1.06mg/mL、0.96mg/mL和0.63mg/mL,而胞内多糖的EC₅₀值分别为3.71mg/mL、2.83mg/mL和1.70mg/mL,表明蝉虫草胞外多糖的化学抗氧化能力更强;在改善细胞氧化应激损伤比较上,与模型组对比,二者均能随着浓度递增而显著地提高细胞存活率,但胞外多糖比胞内多糖更强,当多糖浓度为5mg/mL时,胞外多糖细胞存活率达到92.36%,胞内多糖只达到82.07%;在调节细胞抗氧化酶清除ROS的机制上,与模型组对比,胞外多糖分别上调SOD酶活力2.51倍和CAT酶活力2.91倍,极显著地降低了细胞ROS水平（P<0.01）来改善细胞的氧化应激损伤作用。相应地,胞内多糖只上调了1.85倍和2.33倍,显著性地清除了ROS（P<0.05）,表明蝉虫草菌丝体胞外多糖具有更显著的抗肝细胞氧化损伤作用。本研究结果显示蝉虫草菌丝体胞外和胞内多糖均具有良好的抗肝氧化损伤活性,且胞外多糖比胞内多糖活性更好,为蝉虫草菌丝体多糖在保肝产品中的开发和应用提供了科学依据。     

车前草粗多糖提取及抗氧化试验

采取热水浸提-醇沉法探讨了车前草中可溶性粗多糖的提取工艺,研究了提取温度、提取时间、提取次数与料液比4因素对多糖提取的影响。单因素试验发现,在80℃,120 min,料液比1:20,提取2次条件下多糖提取较好。正交试验优化提取方案为90 min、80℃和料液比1:25,在此条件下,多糖提取率可以达到29.88 mg.g-1。同时还研究了体外条件下对.OH和O2-.自由基的清除效果。研究发现,多糖与.OH自由基清除呈良好的线性量效关系(y=5.48x+31.34,r=0.9823),与O2-.清除也呈现良好的线性量效关系(y=4.334x+34.134,r=0.9979)。IC.OH-50%为114.57 mg.L-1,ICO2--50%为172.85 mg.L-1,试验结果充分表明车前草多糖在体外有较强的自由基清除能力。