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1.
中国水螅属一新种(水螅虫纲:螅形目)   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
描述采自黑龙江省大庆、泰来和阿城地区的水螅属一新种:大庆水Hydra daqingensis FAn,sp。nov.。新种的主要鉴别特征是:构刺丝囊内顶基部具有4.5~5.0圈横向弹簧状缠卷刺丝,较大型的构刺丝囊、粘刺丝囊和卷刺丝囊,生殖期,雄必个体形成数目较多的精巢(12~18个)和雌性个全产生较多的卵(4~10枚)的遗传特性。标本保存在哈尔滨师范大学生物学系无脊椎动物教研室。  相似文献   

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摘要:把强壮水螅(Hydra robusta)和普通水螅(H.vulgaris)除头后进行异种切口嫁接实验,共获得3例畸形体,对其进行280 d的培养,获得78只畸形子代。追踪观察发现:①畸形体及其无性生殖子代均具有2种钩刺丝囊(强壮水媳钩刺丝囊和普通水螅钩刺丝囊);②其身体伸展时最长达52 mm;③无性出芽生殖的平均...  相似文献   

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水螅刺丝囊的分离与观察   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
水螅的刺丝囊依据其形态和功能,有穿刺丝囊、钩刺丝囊、粘刺丝囊和卷刺丝囊4种,是淡水水螅分类的主要依据之一.使用多种化学试剂探索分离刺丝囊的方法,实验发现利用10%的MgSO4或3%的NaCl处理离体触手5~6 min,用高纯水清洗后制作装片观察,可以获得最佳的显微图片和观察效果.最后初步探讨了不同体区刺丝囊的结构特点.  相似文献   

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中国水螅属一新种(水螅纲,水螅科)   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
报道采自广东省肇庆市的淡水水螅1新种,多形水螅Hydra polymorphus sp.nov.,研究标本均来自1只水螅的单系繁殖群体,测量数据经生物统计学处理。新种的钩刺丝囊外形及内部刺丝盘旋均有多种形态,故新种名以此命名。所有研究标本保存于深圳大学生命科学学院。  相似文献   

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腔肠动物具有其他动物所没有的特殊的刺细胞(cnidocyst),因而旧称刺胞动物(Cnidaria)。刺细胞来源于未分化的间细胞,发育过程很复杂(图1见封二,下同)。成熟的刺细胞一般呈椭圆形,端部的一侧具一小针状的刺针(cnidocil),细胞核位于细胞的基部。刺细胞中含有一囊状的细胞器称刺丝囊(nematocyst)(图2)。在腔肠动物中已识别出的刺丝囊有20余种。Weill(1923)研究了  相似文献   

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水螅的摄食与生殖   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2  
水螅是一类只有散漫神经 (神经网 ) ,结构简单 ,在淡水中固着生活 ,体呈圆柱形的动物。在水螅的摄食和生殖等方面笔者观察到一些有趣的现象 (见本期封四彩色照片 ) ,现做简要介绍。1 摄食和消化水螅喜食水蚤、剑水蚤和小型的环节动物。水螅捕食没有数量选择。当游动的 1个或几个水蚤撞到水螅任一触手或几条触手时 ,触手上密布的具有捕食和防御功能的 4种刺丝囊同时放射刺丝 ,将其抓住、麻醉、杀死。同时受刺激的散漫神经引起水螅全身的收缩 ,触手和躯体已缩成一团 ,此时 ,如又一被捕获物撞到收缩的触手上 ,剩余的刺丝囊能够继续放射刺丝 ,…  相似文献   

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中国水螅属一新种(螅形目,水螅科)   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
记述水螅科水螅属1新种:哈尔滨水螅Hydra harbinensis sp.nov.。本种与其它已报告的雌雄同体水螅有明显区别,只与美洲的海曼水螅较为相似,但也有不同,其与海曼水螅的区别为:生活于静水,能直立并可横向附着生活,实验室培养用储放的自来水可正常生活及生殖。粘刺丝囊小型。胚鞘的鞘膜表面有网格,每根圆锥形的棘刺发自每一网格中央,棘刺无结节,不分叉。精巢数目为2~6个,卵为4~6个。模式标本保存于哈尔滨师范大学生命与环境科学学院生物学系无脊椎动物研究室。  相似文献   

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刺细胞是腔肠动物所具有的一类特殊细胞。刺细胞内具有一个囊状的细胞器称为刺丝囊,由似几丁貭的物貭组成,形状不一,有球形的、卵圆形的、长囊状的等。一般的刺丝囊一端较圆另端较尖,其内具一团有一定形状盘曲的管子,管子的结构在不同的刺丝囊中是有差异的。在水螅中至少已观察到4种刺丝囊(参  相似文献   

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运用扫描电镜技术对不同浓度梯度的Pb2 和Cd2 重金属离子处理下的拟寡水螅(Hydrapseudoligactis)形态学变化进行了观察。结果表明:水螅形态变化主要表现为与Pb2 和Cd2 浓度、水螅世代数目以及离子种类的相关性。与空白对照相比,处理组在Cd2 ≥0.04mg.L-1,Pb2 ≥0.25mg.L-1浓度下时,随着培养世代数目的增加,水螅体表逐渐发生一些不可逆的变化,皮层腐蚀,结构裂解;体壁胚层结构模糊,组织松散,刺丝囊肿胀裸露甚至破裂;上皮肌肉细胞、间细胞、刺细胞等数目减少并变形。同时,Cd2 处理组对其形态学的损伤和致畸作用均明显强于相对应世代数的Pb2 处理组。  相似文献   

10.
将采回实验室內之活水螅靜放,待其触手伸展,取淡水小虾之游泳肢触动其触手,触动时可以看到触手似有粘附于游泳肢上的現象。经这样2—3次的触动后,将小虾的游泳肢放在显微镜下检查,便可发現有大量的刺丝泡。易見的有两种,一种用刺丝缠绕在小虾游泳肢上的附肢鬚上,体较小,数量多的卷刺泡。另一种体大、数量较少,刺丝伸出很长,穿刺在附  相似文献   

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Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.  相似文献   

16.
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.  相似文献   

17.
Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.  相似文献   

18.
正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases  相似文献   

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