首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
油松含树脂细胞组织化学和细胞化学研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
油松茎端的皮层薄壁组织和幼茎木薄壁组织中具含树脂细胞分布,在光学显微镜下观察,硫酸奈尔兰染色的切片,发现树脂滴分布于细胞质中,在电子显微镜下观察狐染色切片,发现树脂滴分布于细胞的线粒体,高尔基体,内质网,核膜和小液泡中,同时也分布于质膜两边。从形态演化分析含树脂细胞在树脂分泌结构中属原始类型,由它演化为树脂道。  相似文献   

2.
运用薄切片和电镜细胞化学方法观察了马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)茎皮层树脂道的发育及发育过程中果胶酶的变化。树脂道的发育过程一般可分为4个阶段,即原始细胞阶段、胞间隙形成阶段、腔道扩大阶段和树脂道成熟阶段。在原始细胞阶段,果胶酶的反应产物首先出现在原始细胞膨胀的细胞壁角隅处,然后沿细胞壁中层分布。胞间隙形成后,果胶酶的反应产物分布在细胞壁和胞间隙的交界面。随着胞间隙的扩大,反应产物的密度逐渐降低。当树脂道成熟后,上皮细胞壁上则没有果胶酶的反应产物出现。细胞化学证据表明: 在树脂道的发育过程中,果胶酶降解树脂道原始细胞细胞壁中层,支持树脂道以裂生方式形成。果胶酶的细胞化学定位技术还可用于其他植物中与果胶水解有关的发育过程。  相似文献   

3.
运用薄切片和电镜细胞化学方法观察了马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)茎皮层树脂道的发育及发育过程中果胶酶的变化.树脂道的发育过程一般可分为4个阶段,即原始细胞阶段、胞间隙形成阶段、腔道扩大阶段和树脂道成熟阶段.在原始细胞阶段,果胶酶的反应产物首先出现在原始细胞膨胀的细胞壁角隅处,然后沿细胞壁中层分布.胞间隙形成后,果胶酶的反应产物分布在细胞壁和胞间隙的交界面.随着胞间隙的扩大,反应产物的密度逐渐降低.当树脂道成熟后,上皮细胞壁上则没有果胶酶的反应产物出现.细胞化学证据表明:在树脂道的发育过程中,果胶酶降解树脂道原始细胞细胞壁中层,支持树脂道以裂生方式形成.果胶酶的细胞化学定位技术还可用于其他植物中与果胶水解有关的发育过程.  相似文献   

4.
壳菜果植物树脂道的发生、发育及分布的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
陆祖军  徐华松  朱念德   《广西植物》1998,18(4):331-334
经解剖观察,发现壳菜果(Mytilarialaoensis)植物初生结构能自然形成树脂道,而次生结构不能自然形成。树脂道原始细胞发生位置为离顶端120~140μm的区段上,与初生分生组织同时形成。以后原始细胞经历;(1)原始细胞分裂阶段;(2)树脂道发生阶段;(3)树脂道扩张阶段;(4)树脂道成熟阶段;(5)树脂道破毁阶段而完成其功能周期。壳菜果植物的树脂道以裂溶生方式发生,分布在维管束外侧的皮层中。此为金缕梅科各亚科系统位置研究提供重要证据  相似文献   

5.
巴戟天花药发育过程中多糖和脂滴分布特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
巴戟天花药发育中多糖和脂滴类物质的分布呈现一定的规律:减数分裂之前,花药壁的绒毡层细胞中有少量脂滴,其他细胞中脂滴和淀粉粒都很少。四分体时期,四分体小孢子中开始出现脂滴,绒毡层细胞中的脂滴较以前增加,其他细胞中的脂滴和淀粉粒仍然很少。小孢子早期,游离小孢子在其表面形成了花粉外壁,靠外壁下方有一层周缘分布的多糖物质。绒毡层细胞中的脂滴明显减少。发育晚期的小孢子中形成一个大液泡,细胞质中出现淀粉粒;同时在药壁和药隔组织中也出现了淀粉粒。此时绒毡层退化。在二胞花粉早期,花粉中积累了大量淀粉粒和一些脂滴。但在成熟的花粉中(二胞花粉晚期),淀粉粒消失,只有一定数量的脂滴保留。巴戟天成熟花粉中积累的营养物质主要为脂滴。  相似文献   

6.
臭椿茎中分泌道的发育及其组织化学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用植物解剖学方法研究臭椿茎和叶柄中分泌道的结构、分布和发育过程.结果表明:臭椿茎和叶柄中的分泌道分布于髓的周缘,次生木质部中无分泌道.分泌道是由一层分泌细胞围绕分泌腔而构成,分泌细胞外有1~2层鞘细胞.分泌道以裂生方式形成,其发育过程可分为3个阶段:原始细胞阶段、形成阶段和成熟阶段.在原始细胞阶段,一群原始细胞具浓厚细胞质,细胞核清晰可见;形成阶段,原始细胞的中央细胞间细胞壁中层降解,细胞壁分离,形成腔隙,随着分泌细胞数量的增加,分泌腔体积扩大;成熟阶段的分泌道具有12~16个分泌细胞,1~2层鞘细胞,分泌腔直径为30~50μm.组织化学研究表明,分泌细胞及分泌道内含物中含大量的萜类、多糖和脂类物质.机械创伤能够诱导次生木质部中产生创伤分泌道.臭椿茎中的分泌道和创伤性分泌道在抵御生物和非生物胁迫中起重要作用.  相似文献   

7.
枸杞花药发育过程中脂滴和淀粉粒的分布特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarurn L.)花药发育过程中,淀粉粒和脂滴两种营养物质的积累和分布具有一定的特点:在造孢细胞时期,药隔薄壁细胞,表皮和药室内壁细胞中开始积累淀粉粒,而造孢细胞、绒毡层细胞和中层细胞中则没有淀粉粒。在四分体时期,绒毡层细胞开始积累脂滴并且数量逐渐增加。到小孢子晚期,绒毡层细胞降解,内含脂滴流入药室中。在小孢子发育过程中既没有淀粉粒也没有脂滴积累,直到二胞花粉的大液泡消失后花粉粒中才开始积累脂滴,然后又开始出现淀粉粒。枸杞成熟花粉中的营养储存物是脂滴和淀粉粒。  相似文献   

8.
油松茎初生结构中树脂道发育的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
油松茎初生结构中的树脂道是裂生的胞间道,分布在皮层和初生木质部内。皮层树脂道原始细胞团起始于茎端下约140微米处原形成层束两侧的基本分生组织中。在原生韧皮部最早的筛胞分化形成时出现裂生腔隙。其裂隙直径的进一步扩大主要依靠鞘细胞插入到上皮细胞之间和上皮细胞本身的切向伸长。成熟的树脂道近园形,四周由9~16个上皮细胞包被,其外为1~2层鞘细胞。茎的初生结构内树脂道位于皮层内侧的薄壁组织中,通常为8个,排列成一圈。叶迹进入叶子时,其两侧的每一个树脂道也二叉分枝,其一与叶迹一起进入叶子。初生木质部树脂道起源于原形成层细胞,在初生维管组织分化后期才开始发育。每个维管束的初生木质部一般只有一个树脂道。季节的变化对皮层树脂道的形成过程有一定的影响。在一年的不同季节中,从春季到秋季所形成的树脂道出现孔径逐渐变大,上皮细胞的数目和鞘细胞的层数逐渐增多,茎内树脂道的数目增加等变化。  相似文献   

9.
青葙花药发育的结构和组织化学观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对苋科植物青葙Celosia argentea花药发育的结构和组织化学(多糖和脂滴)特征进行观察。青葙小孢子发生为同时型,四分体为四面体型。药壁为典型四层,绒毡层属于同型绒毡层。成熟花粉为二胞型。早期花药中的淀粉粒和脂滴均较少,绒毡层细胞至小孢子晚期退化为体积较大的脂块。二胞花粉时期的中层细胞退化为脂滴。早期二胞花粉中先出现多糖颗粒,晚期的成熟花粉中积累大量淀粉粒和较少的脂滴为营养储存物。  相似文献   

10.
以7个糯玉米品种为材料,测定其籽粒发育过程中淀粉粒粒度分布及淀粉合成相关酶活性的变化,分析两者之间的关系。结果表明,随着籽粒发育,糯玉米淀粉粒平均粒径逐渐增大,可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)和淀粉分支酶(SBE)活性呈单峰曲线变化。籽粒发育前期,小淀粉粒(≤7.4μm)所占体积较大;随着籽粒发育,小淀粉粒所占体积减少,大淀粉粒(>7.4μm)所占体积增多;籽粒发育后期,大淀粉粒所占体积较大。相关分析表明, SSS和SBE活性与大淀粉粒体积增大速率和平均粒径增大速率均呈显著或极显著正相关。因此, SSS和SBE是影响糯玉米胚乳淀粉粒粒度分布形成的主要酶, SSS和SBE活性越高,淀粉粒平均粒径越大,大淀粉粒所占体积越多。  相似文献   

11.
Summary Stereological analysis was carried out on cotyledon tissue at three different stages of germination. The tissue was selected by reference to adjacent sections which were assayed histochemically for protease activity. Day six tissue had no activity while eight and 14-day tissue did. Results show that during germination both tissue and cellular components undergo changes. The cells increase in size, the intercellular spaces increase, the cytoplasm increases in volume, the protein bodies swell and fuse, and small starch grains appear while the large starch grains do not undergo any major changes.  相似文献   

12.
Plastid Structure and Development in Green Callus Tissues of Oxalis dispar   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
SUNDERLAND  N.; WELLS  B. 《Annals of botany》1968,32(2):327-346
Cultured callus tissues derived from endosperm of Oxalis disparare shown to contain virescent amyloplasts. In darkness, proplastidsdevelop into typical amyloplasts, starch being deposited assingle or multiple grains. In light, amyloplasts are transformedinto chloroplasts. Thylakoid formation begins in spaces aroundand between existing starch grains. As thylakoids are assembledinto grana, starch slowly disappears; the plastids increasein size and the photosynthetic apparatus enlarges to fill thewhole of the plastid. Slight carotenoid synthesis takes placeas amyloplasts are laid down, but there is no chlorophyll synthesis.All pigments accumulate rapidly during the early stages of granaldevelopment, but slowly, and at a declining rate, during thelater stages. Treatment of the tissues with auxins suppressesthe development of thylakoid membranes, but has no effect uponthe development of amyloplast membranes. The possible significanceof this observation is discussed. Greening is accompanied by a marked decline in the rates ofboth cell division and cell expansion. This is attributed inpart to the diversion of nitrogen from the normal growth channelsinto the synthesis of thylakoid proteins.  相似文献   

13.
选用耐旱性不同的两个大麦品种作为研究对象,分析其叶片结构的异同。结果表明:两个大麦品种的叶片发育可以分为幼叶萌发期、幼叶抽出期、幼叶生长期和叶片成熟期四个阶段,其中在幼叶萌发期,叶片结构无明显差异。经PAS染色,从幼叶生长期开始,耐旱性弱的Moroc 9-75,含淀粉粒的叶肉细胞少,淀粉粒颗粒小; 耐旱性强的HS 41-1,含淀粉粒的叶肉细胞多,淀粉粒颗粒大。遭受干旱胁迫后,两个品种的植株长势明显较弱,叶片短而窄; 表皮细胞角质层变厚,叶片中叶肉细胞变小,叶肉细胞胞间隙变大,叶肉细胞破裂现象增多; PAS染色反应显示,含淀粉粒的叶肉细胞减少,淀粉粒颗粒变小或基本没有; HS 41-1解体的细胞不如Moroc 9-75多。因此,在光镜下,叶片结构的差异,特别是细胞含有的淀粉粒大小与数量的区别,是植物对水分胁迫的一种适应; 同时叶脉对植物刚性的影响较大。  相似文献   

14.
M Grote  H G Fromme 《Histochemistry》1984,81(5):489-492
Pollen grains from Betula pendula were fixed in a mixture of p-formaldehyde and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) for the precipitation of soluble pollen glycoproteins. After dehydration and embedding at low temperatures in the water-soluble resin, Lowicryl K4M, ultrathin sections of the pollen grains were incubated using specific antibodies against birch-pollen extract and protein-A/gold complexes. Antigen activity was found in the CPC-precipitated surface material and within the exine (bacular cavities) and the cytoplasm (except for starch grains and lipidic droplets). There was no labelling within the intine. The region of the germinal aperture also showed a very low degree of antigen activity. The control sections were almost completely free of background staining.  相似文献   

15.
Cytochemical investigation of genic male-sterility in Chinese cabbage   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
A genic male sterile Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino, was examined using cytological and cytochemical methods to characterize the process of pollen abortion in this plant. Thick sections of both fertile and sterile anthers at different developmental stages were stained using Toluidine Blue O, Periodic Acid-Schiff’s (PAS) reaction and Sudan Black B to detect cytochemical changes that may occur in the distribution of insoluble polysaccharide and lipid storage bodies. Pollen abortion in sterile anthers occurs at an early stage of microspore development. During early microspore development, reductions in the number of starch grains in the connective tissue of fertile anthers coincide with the accumulation of starch grains in cells of the anther wall. In the late microspore stage, a large vacuole forms in the microspore, and tapetal cells synthesize and accumulate lipid droplets. The cellular organization of tapetal cells in sterile anthers appears similar to that in fertile anthers, except for the absence of lipid droplets in cells of sterile anthers and diffusely labeled tapetal polysaccharides, suggesting defects in nutrient storage. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of CHINA (30170060)  相似文献   

16.
Summary Pollen grains from Betula pendula were fixed in a mixture of p-formaldehyde and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) for the precipitation of soluble pollen glycoproteins. After dehydration and embedding at low temperatures in the water-soluble resin, Lowicryl K4M, ultrathin sections of the pollen grains were incubated using specific antibodies against birch-pollen extract and protein-A/gold complexes. Antigen activity was found in the CPC-precipitated surface material and within the exine (bacular cavities) and the cytoplasm (except for starch grains and lipidic droplets). There was no labelling within the intine. The region of the germinal aperture also showed a very low degree of antigen activity. The control sections were almost completely free of background staining.  相似文献   

17.
Gravity compensation by the horizontal clinostat increases the diameter of amyloplast starch grains of oat (Avena sativa cv. Victory) coleoptile parenchyma cells, as compared to vertically rotated and stationary controls. In dark-grown coleoptile tip parenchyma cells, measured starch grain sizes exhibit a wide distribution of diameters, from approximately 1.5 to approximately 8.0 mum, but fall into three prominent diameter classes. The compensated tissues from both the tip and the subapical region have more starch grains in the larger, and fewer in the smaller size classes, compared to controls. The total number of starch grains per cell, the total plastid number per cell, and cell volume are unaffected by gravity compensation. Amyloplasts with large starch grains are denser, as well as larger in diameter, than those with smaller starch grains. The amyloplast is considered as a geosensor with an active metabolic role in the geotropic transduction mechanism.  相似文献   

18.
花椒果实分泌囊发育过程的超微结构研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
电镜观察结果表明,花椒(Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.)果实分泌囊是由裂生方式形成,由鞘细胞、上皮细胞和油腔构成。对分泌囊的原始细胞、油腔发生和扩大以及发育成熟3个时期的超微结构研究表明,其精油是在分泌囊油腔发生时开始积累,以油滴形态存在于上皮细胞的质体内及其周围的细胞质中。根据各细胞器的变化规律分析,质体是精油合成的主要场所,内质网参与精油的合成和转运,线粒体为上述活动提供能量。上皮细胞内积累的精油可能通过两种途径排出细胞,分泌至油腔内贮存。鞘细胞内也积累精油,其主要合成场所也与质体有关,以后转运至上皮细胞内。成熟分泌囊的质体由于功能改变,其内出现蛋白质结晶和淀粉粒。  相似文献   

19.
Transgenic potato tubers that overexpressed either a cytosolic or an apoplastic invertase in the wild type or AGPase antisense background were used to analyse the effect of invertase activity on cell expansion, starch granule formation and turgor pressure during tuber development. Although the transgenic plants did not develop a visible phenotype in aerial regions the size and number of tubers were significantly modified in the various lines. Transmission electron and light microscopy were performed to monitor starch grain size and number, cell size and cell wall thickness. Water potential, osmotic pressure, and indirectly, turgor pressure were determined during the final stages of tuber development. Glucose levels were high in transgenic tubers that overexpressed a yeast-derived invertase. The number of starch grains per cell was almost identical in all transgenic lines. However, the amount of starch was modified in the transgenics as compared to the wild type. As expected, the size of starch grains was reduced in all lines that expressed an AGPase antisense mRNA. These results indicate that invertase activity and glucose levels do not affect initiation of starch grain formation during the early stages of tuber development, but growth of starch corns in the later stages of tuber maturation.  相似文献   

20.
The effect of charged micron-size dust grains (microparticles) on the electric parameters of the positive column of a low-pressure dc glow discharge in neon has been studied experimentally and numerically. Numerical analysis is carried out in the diffusion-drift approximation with allowance for the interaction of dust grains with metastable neon atoms. In a discharge with a dust grain cloud, the longitudinal electric field increases. As the number density of dust grains in an axisymmetric cylindrical dust cloud rises, the growth of the electric field saturates. It is shown that the contribution of metastable atoms to ionization is higher in a discharge with dust grains, in spite of the quenching of metastable atoms on dust grains. The processes of charging of dust grains and the dust cloud are considered. As the number density of dust grains rises, their charge decreases, while the space charge of the dust cloud increases. The results obtained can be used in plasma technologies involving microparticles.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号