铥激光在泌尿外科中的应用及进展

铥(Tm)激光是一种新型的医用激光技术,波长范围为1.75μm-2.22μm.铥激光技术具有操作简单安全、损伤小、止血快、精度高等优点,近些年来在泌尿外科中得到快速发展和广泛应用.本文介绍了铥激光的作用原理及优点,回顾了近些年铥激光在泌尿外科领域的各种应用,分析了铥激光在泌尿外科的发展方向及应用前景.     

利用转盘共聚焦显微镜进行快速实验的新方法

转盘共聚焦显微镜是快速激光共聚焦显微镜的一种,与传统的激光共聚焦显微镜相比具有一些相同点,也有其特有的优势。本文主要介绍转盘共聚焦显微镜的基本原理及如何利用转盘共聚焦显微镜进行快速实验及应用实例,并与传统激光共聚焦显微镜进行比较。转盘共聚焦显微镜具有速度快、灵敏度高、对样品光损伤和光淬灭程度低、操作灵活简单,是随着实验技术发展使用越来越广泛的实验仪器。     

应用YAG、CO_2和He-Ne激光防治动物蹄病的实验性研究

应用Nd YAG激光和CO2 激光对牛离体蹄匣角质的截割、切削、打孔、扩创、清创试验和CO2 激光He Ne激光对家畜常见蹄病的临床治疗实验结果表明 ,上述方法是一种高效、安全、能改善劳保卫生条件的蹄病防治方法。     

HO：YAG激光治疗仪及其医学应用

本文介绍光纤耦合ＨＯ：ＹＡＧ激光治疗仪的研制,仪器主要性能,特点及其在医学上的应用。     

基于专家数据库的人体信息诊疗仪的研制

本文介绍了我们研制的一种基于电脑专家数据库的人体信息诊疗仪。融合了先进的激光技术、电子技术、计算机技术和人体信息诊疗学于一体。该仪器由两部分组成：（1）可自动诊断的电脑专家数据库;（2）半导体激光针灸部分。     

征稿启事

《激光生物学报》是中国遗传学会主办的学术期刊,主要刊登以人类、动物、植物和微生物为实验对象的激光（光）生物学、生物光子学、激光（光）生物医学（含光子中医学、光动力疗法、激光整形美容）、放射生物学（含激光育种、辐射育种、空间育种等）、离子束生物工程及其相关的激光生物技术（含微束照射技术、光镊技术、成像技术、光谱技术、共聚焦扫描显微技术、细胞分流技术等）、仪器研制诸领域基础研究和应用研究方面具有原创性的高水平研究论文、专题综述,     

一种目视激光显微镜

本文介绍一种目视激光显微镜。该装置采用白炽灯和激光做光源。通过调压器衬底亮度可以调整到零。由于激光的高亮度和强相干性,与普通显微镜相比,该显微镜具有景深长,分辨率高,层次丰富的特点。使用该显微镜时能实现镜象的假色彩编码,且镜象具有立体感。文中报导了该显微镜的原理和使用效果。     

光子中医信息疗法

本文简述了弱激光血疗的机理及其发展过程,并在此基础上详细阐述了我们自己提出的光子中医信息疗法。该疗法根据中医辨证施治的原则,选用经中医信息调制的半导体激光束照射患者口咽部（或鼻腔）和与疾病关联的穴位,综合激光血疗、激光针疗和激光理疗,可引发多种激光生物效应,启动人体生理功能的整体调节机制,逐渐改善和恢复生理功能。除此之外,我们还设计研制了相应的治疗仪器。     

“中国遗传学会第十届全国激光生物学学术会议”将在武汉召开

会议主题 激光生物学的发展和应用 1学术报告： 大会将邀请院士和特聘教授等作特邀报告和专题报告,并安 排分组交流。第一分会场：包括激光生物学和生物光子学的基础研究,激光生物技术（含微束照射技术、光镊技术、成像技术、光谱技术、共聚焦扫描显微技术、细胞分流技术等）及其仪器的研制、应用。     

征稿启事

《激光生物学报》是中国遗传学会主办的学术期刊,主要刊登以人类、动物、植物和微生物为实验对象的激光(光)生物学、生物光子学、激光(光)生物医学(含光子中医学、光动力疗法、激光整形美容)、放射生物学(含激光育种、辐射育种、空间育种等)、离子束生物工程及其相关的激光生物技术(含微束照射技术、光镊技术、成像技术、光谱技术、共聚焦扫描显微技术、细胞分流技术等)、仪器研制诸领域基础研究和应用研究方面具有原创性的高水平研究论文、专题综述,适量兼登生物物理学、生物化学、遗传学、医学、农学方面的基础研究论文,是目前国际上唯一的一份激光生物学科的专业性学术刊物。     

Safety assessment of near infrared light emitting diodes for diffuse optical measurements

Background  

Near infrared (NIR) light has been used widely to monitor important hemodynamic parameters in tissue non-invasively. Pulse oximetry, near infrared spectroscopy, and diffuse optical tomography are examples of such NIR light-based applications. These and other similar applications employ either lasers or light emitting diodes (LED) as the source of the NIR light. Although the hazards of laser sources have been addressed in regulations, the risk of LED sources in such applications is still unknown.     

生物组织激光消融阈值的光谱特性

在一个宽光谱范围内研究不同激光作用下生物组织的消融,对理解激光与组织间相互作用及开发激光在外科的新应用有着极其重要的意义。其中消融阈值及其与激光波长的函数依赖关系是激光外科研究的重点。阐述了消融阈值的物理描述,并对消融阈值的波长依赖关系进行了初步探讨。     

凑型准分子激光器的发展及其在医学中的应用

由于在绝缘材料和气体放电技术方面的进展,处于紫外波段的准分子激光器已经在工业、科学研究,特别是医学等领域成为主要应用工具.在本文中,我们将介绍新颖紧凑型准分子激光器在医学中的应用.此外,在文章中对紧凑型准分子激光器所采用的关键技术,诸如固态开关、电晕预电离和金属/陶瓷腔等技术进行了详细的讨论.     

凑型准分子激光器的发展及其在医学中的应用

由于在绝缘材料和气体放电技术方面的进展,处于紫外波段的准分子激光器已经在工业、科学研究,特别是医学等领域成为主要应用工具。在本文中,我们将介绍新颖紧凑型准分子激光器在医学中的应用。此外,在文章中对紧凑型准分子激光器所采用的关键技术,诸如固态开关、电晕预电离和金属,陶瓷腔等技术进行了详细的讨论。     

Improved BrdUrd-Hoechst bivariate cell kinetic analysis by helium-cadmium single laser excitation.

In laser based flow cytometers, UV excitation of Hoechst 33258 and propidium iodide (PI) or ethidium bromide (EB) is performed with 351/364 nm high power lines of UV-capable argon ion lasers, which are expensive and short-lived. In this paper we note for the first time that helium-cadmium lasers emitting 10 to 30 mW at 325 nm are even more superior for cell kinetic bivariate bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd)/Hoechst PI or EB cell cycle analysis. HeCd single laser UV excitation gives comparable CVs for cell cycle distributions, and almost normal G2M/G1 ratios of 1.9 to 2.0 for all cell cycles. This is shown for synchronous and asynchronous cell populations on a FACStar+ and an Ortho Cytofluorograf. Therefore we recommend helium-cadmium lasers as low-power, cheap, and long-lived UV excitation sources for the cytochemically simple but high resolution multiparameter BrdUrd-Hoechst cell kinetic analysis.     

Automatic verification of SSD and generation of respiratory signal with lasers in radiotherapy: A preliminary study

PurposeSource to surface distance (SSD) plays a very important role in external beam radiotherapy treatment verification. In this study, a simple technique has been developed to verify the SSD automatically with lasers. The study also suggests a methodology for determining the respiratory signal with lasers.MethodsTwo lasers, red and green are mounted on the collimator head of a Clinac 2300 C/D linac along with a camera to determine the SSD. A software (SSDLas) was developed to estimate the SSD automatically from the images captured by a 12-megapixel camera. To determine the SSD to a patient surface, the external body contour of the central axis transverse computed tomography (CT) cut is imported into the software. Another important aspect in radiotherapy is the generation of respiratory signal. The changes in the lasers separation as the patient breathes are converted to produce a respiratory signal. Multiple frames of laser images were acquired from the camera mounted on the collimator head and each frame was analyzed with SSDLas to generate the respiratory signal.ResultsThe SSD as observed with the ODI on the machine and SSD measured by the SSDlas software was found to be within the tolerance limit. The methodology described for generating the respiratory signals will be useful for the treatment of mobile tumors such as lung, liver, breast, pancreas etc.ConclusionThe technique described for determining the SSD and the generation of respiratory signals using lasers is cost effective and simple to implement.     

Animal Welfare in Relation to Standards in Organic Farming

The new EU-regulations on organic farming (1804/1999) are also influencing the animal welfare. A lot of positive regulations is to find, but also regulations that seen to mind more about the general public and customer and their view on organic farming, than the health and welfare of the animals.The paper specially focus on the impact of the regulations and the recommendations that phytotherapeutic essences and homeopathic products take precedence over the so called chemically-synthesised allopatic veterinary medical products, and that the use of the same is prohibited for preventive treatments. Key questions here are the lack of scientific evidence concerning homeopathy in animals, and that Swedish veterinarians are not allowed to work with homeopathy.Differences in interpretation of the regulations between animal owners and veterinarians will also be discussed. What is a disease that needs treatment? Who is to decide about the treatment? Parasitic infections are discussed as an illustrative example.Other consequences of the regulations concerning the animal welfare are problems in certain geographical zones, for instance subarctic areas where necessary crops are impossible to grow.Animal transports and splitting mother-offspring are briefly discussed as future problems to be handled in the regulations, and the paper ends by presenting the need of regulated herd health control programs in organic husbandry, which can detect and focus on welfare and production problems. The organic movement is not static, and must not be so.     

The Politics of Managing the Maine Lobster Industry: 1860 to the Present

Marine fisheries are in a state of crisis. One of the few successfully managed fisheries is the Maine lobster industry where catches are at an all time high. An important factor in this success is the effectiveness of regulations which were developed during three periods over the course of the past 125 years. In all cases, the regulations are the result of heavy lobbying activity by various factions in the industry. Both strong commercial rivalry and genuine concern for the well-being of the lobster resource played a role in generating these regulations. However, history did not repeat itself. In each period, the players, circumstances, and goals were very different. The result, however, is a set of effective regulations which are largely self-enforcing.     

Harvest regulations and artificial selection on horn size in male bighorn sheep

Wild sheep in North America are highly prized by hunters and most harvest regulations restrict legal harvest to males with a specified minimum horn curl. Because reproductive success is skewed toward larger males that are socially dominant, these regulations may select against high-quality, fast-growing males. To evaluate potential selective effects of alternative management strategies, we analyzed horn increment measures of males harvested over 28 yr (1975–2003) in 2 bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) ecotypes in British Columbia, Canada. Using mixed-effect models we examined variation in hunter selection for horn size, early horn growth, and male age under different harvest regulations (Full Curl, Three Quarter Curl, Any Ram). Under all regulations, males with the greatest early horn growth were harvested at the youngest ages, before the age at which large horns influence reproductive success. Early growth decreased with harvest age and until ≥7 yr of age it was greatest in males harvested under Full Curl regulation. Permit type (General vs. Limited Entry Hunt) and hunter origin (British Columbia Resident vs. Non-Resident) had little effect on horn size of harvested males. Full Curl regulations increased the average age of harvested males by <1 yr relative to Three-Quarter Curl regulations. Age-specific horn measures in the California ecotype harvested under Three-Quarter Curl regulations declined over time but we observed no temporal declines in the Rocky Mountain ecotype, primarily harvested under Full Curl regulations. Management strategies that protect some males with greater early horn growth or provide harvest refuges to maintain genetic diversity are likely to reduce potential for negative effects of artificial selection. © 2010 The Wildlife Society     

激光辐照微生物的研究概况

应用激光辐照微生物的研究非常广泛。本文概述了激光辐照微生物的刺激效应的一些最新进展,同时,也就其可能机制进行了探讨。此外,还提出了在激光辐照微生物研究中的几个问题,旨在促进对激光诱变效应机制的深入和全面的了解,并进一步扩大其在生产实践中的应用。