银合欢叶代麸皮栽培金针菇的研究

采用占基质总量１０％、１３．５％、１７％、２７％的银合欢叶代替基质中部分或全部麸皮作氮源,选用金针菇菌株１９、３０６、９８进行栽培试验,结果表明,采用上述四种基质栽培金针菇,菌丝长势良好,日长速均快于对照（添加２７％铁皮）,增长４．０％～１８．０％,其中添加１０％银合欢叶、１７％麸皮的基质,菌丝长速最快,出菇最早,产量最高,比对照增产３．４％～５．０％。菌株１９增产最多,其次为菌株３０６。     

银合欢叶对食用菌菌丝生长的效应及菌丝对含羞草素的降解作用

银合欢叶作为培养基氮素添加剂能促进佛罗里达平菇、黑木耳和香菇的菌丝生长。除生料栽培培菌期间含羞草素明显自然降解及高压灭菌大量破坏含羞草素外,还发现菌丝对含羞草素有显著的降解作用。     

银合欢叶提取物降血糖作用的实验研究

采用四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠模型及肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠模型,观察银合欢叶提取物对实验动物的降血糖效果。银合欢叶提取物对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠有明显的治疗效果,对肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖模型小鼠有明显的降血糖作用,但对正常小鼠血糖无明显影响。     

银合欢,新银合欢资源利用

银合欢属Leuaena Benth. ,约40种,产中美洲及北美南部。无刺乔木或灌木;叶二回偶数羽状复叶,头状花序,花白色,故名银合欢,雄蕊10,分离,荚果薄带状,开裂。银合欢L. leucocephala(Lam.)De Wit. (L. glauce(L.)Benth.)原产中美墨西哥,我国引种     

三峡库区新银合欢引种栽培试验

引言新银合欢(Leucaena leucocephla cv. Salvadot)又名萨尔瓦多银合欢,是一种重要的热带木本豆科植物,是大有发展前途的饲料、肥料、燃料和木料的多用途树种。据报道第一年可生长2米以上,以后每年生长1米以上。在没有冻害和立地条件好的地     

银合欢的传说

银合欢（Leucaenaglauca）为豆科银合欢属常绿乔木，高可达２０多米。植株有独特风韵，树冠开阔，夏日郁郁葱葱，绿叶如亭如盖，使人望而生凉，是优美的行道树和庭荫树，而且观赏与实用价值俱高。其叶细条形向两侧倾斜，二回偶数羽状复叶，排列整齐，共２０—３０对，好似柔软的羽毛，姿态轻盈优美。花为头状花序，花丝细长，花细而密迎风飘摇。荚果薄而平，条形下垂，密集成串，悬挂在树梢，初长成为青色，成熟时赤色。繁多的荚果如披金带银，给人以豪华富贵的感受。荚果互相撞击时发出沙沙声音，颇为悦耳动听。银合欢长期以来一直受到人…     

元谋干热河谷地区新银合欢天然更新的初步调查

通过2005年6和10月对元谋干热河谷地区新银合欢人工林的调查,发现新银合欢林下幼苗数量较多,经过对幼苗刨根后,发现林下的新银合欢幼苗均为种子实生苗,表明新银合欢是通过种子繁殖来完成天然更新。新银合欢单株结实量在602~1513粒,树体高大的结实量多;其林下幼苗生长良好,更新密度最低为368株·m-2,最高达960株·m-2;新银合欢林缘幼苗最远扩散距离为58·3m,幼苗的扩散范围主要集中在距离林缘10m的区域内,种子受风力和流水的影响,可以沿沟谷传播很远。     

Effect of feeding Leucaena leucocephala leaves and twigs on energy utilization by goats

Fifteen intact male goats of Jamunapari breeds, 12–15 months old weighing 22.0 kg were divided into three groups of five animals in each in a completely randomized design to determine the effect of feeding Leucaena leucocephala leaves and twigs (LLLT) on heat production (HP) and energy balance (EB). Animals in treatment I (Control) was supplied with a conventional ration consisting of a concentrate mixture and vegetative parts of Zea mays and in treatments II and III received similar rations except that LLLT provided about 0.40 and 0.50 parts crude protein (CP) of total protein in ration, respectively by replacing 0.50 and 1.00 parts each of the solvent extracted groundnut cake and wheat bran in the concentrate mixture, respectively. The dry matter (DM) supplemented through LLLT was 0, 121 and 224 g in treatments I, II and III, respectively and it corresponds to 0, 0.19 and 0.34 parts of total DM intake. Supplementation of increasing amount of LLLT did not affect (P=0.303) DM intake but digestibility of DM decreased (P=0.002) linearly. The digestible energy (DE) intake was not affected (P=0.161) due to supplementation of LLLT. Urinary energy (UE) loss per kg metabolic body size per day and as proportion of gross energy (GE) or DE intake increased (P<0.001) linearly with increased LLLT supplementation. Average methane production varied from 15.2 to 17.3 L/d. Methane energy loss per kg metabolic body size per day decreased (P=0.024) linearly with increased supplementation of LLLT, however, as proportion of GE or DE did not show any effect of treatment. Metabolizable energy (ME) intake per kg metabolic body size per day was unaffected (P=0.113) by the treatments which corresponded to 1.63, 1.35 and 1.38 times of maintenance in treatments I, II and III, respectively indicated that animals were in well-fed condition. Heat production (HP) and energy balance (EB) were not affected by the supplementation treatment. It is concluded that supplementation of 224 g of LLLT in the diet of goats, which provided DM at a proportion of 0.34 or CP at a proportion of 0.59, did not affect HP and EB.     

含羞草素及其代谢产物的降解和银合欢去毒(综述)

本文概述含羞草素及其代谢产物降解的物理、化学和生物学途径,为银合欢的去毒研究提供依据。     

银合欢基因文库的构建和种子贮藏蛋白基因的分离

本文以λEMBL_3为载体,构建了银合欢(Leucaena leucocephala)的基因文库,所得重组子为3.5×10~6pfu。以大豆种子贮藏蛋白α′亚基基因为探针,从基因文库中分离得到了4个阳性克隆,并初步绘制了其中3个重组子的物理图谱。结果表明在这3个重组子的基因内部有一致的酶切位点。亚克隆的部分核苷酸序列与 GenBank 中的基因序列比较,表明与大豆种子贮藏蛋白α′亚基基因高度同源。     

Effects of Acacia nilotica, A. polyacantha and Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal supplementation on performance of Small East African goats fed native pasture hay basal forages

Optimal utilisation of tannin-rich browse tree fodders including Acacia spp. foliages as crude protein (CP) supplements to ruminants in the tropics is limited by less available information on their feed nutritive potential. Two studies were conducted to: (1) determine rate and extent of ruminal dry matter (DM) degradability (DMD) and (2) investigate effect of sun-dried Acacia nilotica (NLM), A. polyacantha (PLM) and Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) supplementation on growth performance of 20 growing (7–9 months old) Small East African male goats (14.6 ± 0.68 kg) fed on native pasture hay (NPH) basal diet for 84 days in a completely randomised design experiment in north-western Tanzania. The goats were randomised into four treatment groups consisting of five animals each. Three supplement diets: 115.3 g NLM (T₂), 125.9 g PLM (T₃) and 124.1 g LLM (T₄), which was used as a positive control, were supplemented at 20% of the expected DM intake (DMI; i.e., 3% body weight) to the three animal groups fed on NPH (basal diet) compared to the animals in a control group that were fed on NPH without browse supplementation (T₁).

NPH had significantly the lowest (P < 0.05) CP of 45.5 g kg⁻¹ DM compared to NLM, PLM and LLM (159, 195 and 187 g kg⁻¹ DM, respectively). NPH had higher (P < 0.05) fibre fractions; lower ruminal DM degradability characteristics and ME than NLM, PLM and LLM. Supplementation of the animals with browse resulted to (P < 0.05) higher average daily weight gains (ADG) of 157.1 g day⁻¹ in T₄ than the animals fed on T₂ (114.3 g day⁻¹) and T₃ (42.9 g day⁻¹), and even to those fed on T₁ (control), which lost weight (−71.4 g day⁻¹). Improved weight gains were mainly due to corrected feed nitrogen (N) or CP due to supplementation of the animals with browse fodder. Too low CP of the NPH would not meet the normal requirements of CP (80 g CP kg⁻¹ DM) for optimal rumen microbial function in ruminants. Higher ADG due to LLM (T₄) and NLM (T₂) supplementation suggest optimised weight gains due to browse supplementation (20% of expected DMI); while lower weight gains from supplementation with PLM (T₃) indicate the possible utilisation of A. polyacantha leaves to overcome weight losses especially during dry seasons.     

三种速生固氮树木屑栽培猴头菌的研究

以固氨树种银合欢、南洋楹、大叶相思的木屑为主料,添加棉籽壳等辅料培养猴头菌,以栲树木屑为主料作对照。结果表明,以三种固氨树木屑栽培的猴头菌,菌丝粗壮,均匀,日长速快于对照,增长5.4%~16.2%,而且出菇快,朵形大,产量比对照增加6.0~13.9%。添加南洋楹基质的菌丝长速最快,其次为添加银合欢基质。产量则以添加银合欢基质的最高,添加大叶相思的次之。