入侵种喜旱莲子草对光照强度的表型可塑性反应

对外来人侵种喜旱莲子草[Alternanthera philoxeroides（Mart．）Griseb．]在不同强度光照处理中的表型可塑性反应进行了研究。结果表明：在高光照（100％）、中等光照（60．4％）、低光照（35．4％）和弱光照（16．5％）条件下,随光照强度的降低,分枝强度、基株株长、茎节长度随之下降,总生物量及根、茎、叶生物量显著减少;中等光强度处理喜旱莲子草根冠比显著低于其他处理;弱光条件下喜旱莲子草生长迟缓,呈直立状。研究结果表明,光照强度是影响喜旱莲子草种群生存与维持、生长和成功入侵、扩散的重要因子,同时也说明光照强度较低的生态系统喜旱莲子草入侵成功的机会很小。     

喜旱莲子草对遮荫的可塑性反应:入侵地与原产地种群的比较

表型可塑性可能在外来植物的成功入侵和随后的扩散中起到至关重要的作用。一些研究者推测喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)入侵地种群可能比原产地种群对光强具有更强的可塑性反应。为了验证该假说,我们在正常光照和遮荫(30%正常光照)条件下研究了喜旱莲子草原产地(阿根廷)和入侵地(美国)种群在形态特征和生物量分配上是否存在显著差异。结果表明:(1)喜旱莲子草对光照强度具有很强的可塑性。在遮荫处理下,其根冠比和分枝生物量比显著降低,而比茎长和比叶面积显著增加;(2)原产地和入侵地喜旱莲子草的总生物量和比叶面积对遮荫的可塑性没有显著差异。入侵地种群的根冠比、分枝强度和比茎长的可塑性显著小于原产地种群;(3)无论在正常或低光照条件下,入侵地种群的根冠比(–20.8%)、分枝强度(–54.6%)、比茎长(–18.5%)和比叶面积(–8.6%)均显著低于原产地种群。这些结果表明,喜旱莲子草对光照强度具有很强的可塑性,这可能是该物种可以分布于从河岸带草丛到疏林灌丛等各种生境的主要原因;从原产地到入侵地,喜旱莲子草与耐阴性有关的性状对光照的可塑性显著降低,可能是该物种在入侵地能够形成单优势种群的主要原因。     

喜旱莲子草入侵群落土壤对植物生长的影响

分别以受喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)入侵和未受喜旱莲子草入侵的当地植物群落土壤为生长基质,比较不同基质上入侵植物喜旱莲子草和同属的土著植物莲子草(A.sessilis)的生长指标,探讨喜旱莲子草入侵群落土壤对喜旱莲子草及莲子草生长的影响机制。结果表明,喜旱莲子草入侵群落土壤抑制了莲子草的生长,显著降低了根生物量、茎生物量和总生物;改变了形态特征,显著降低了分枝数量、茎长度、根长、根体积;减少了对根的生物量分配,显著抑制了根质量比与根冠比。喜旱莲子草入侵群落土壤对入侵植物喜旱莲子草的生物量、分枝数量、茎长度、根长、根体积没有显著的抑制作用,而显著增加了其叶片数量和叶质量比。这种效应将有利于喜旱莲子草在入侵地形成单优群落,表明土壤在喜旱莲子草成功入侵中起了重要作用。     

外源钙离子对南方菟丝子寄生入侵植物喜旱莲子草效果的影响

外源钙离子可以有效地缓解植物在胁迫下受到的毒害,提高植物组织或细胞抗胁迫的能力。以喜旱莲子草为研究对象,采用完全随机区组的实验设计,研究不同钙离子浓度与南方菟丝子寄生对喜旱莲子草茎生物量的影响,探讨外源钙离子是否可以减少南方菟丝子对喜旱莲子草的损伤。研究表明南方菟丝子寄生对喜旱莲子草的根、茎和叶的生物量具有显著影响,且南方菟丝子寄生与外源钙离子对喜旱莲子草茎和叶的生长具有显著的交互作用。不同浓度的钙离子与南方菟丝子寄生对喜旱莲子草茎生物量存在拮抗的交互作用;而仅8 mmol/L Ca2+与南方菟丝子寄生对喜旱莲子草叶生物量存在拮抗的交互作用。不同浓度钙离子均可以缓减南方菟丝子对喜旱莲子草茎的有害效应,仅8 mmol/L Ca2+可以缓减南方菟丝子对喜旱莲子草根和叶的有害效应。2—6 mmol/L的外源钙离子对南方菟丝子寄生下的喜旱莲子草的丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著影响,但可以显著地降低过氧化物酶(POD)活性,表明低浓度的外源钙离子的添加可以缓减南方菟丝子对喜旱莲子草的寄生胁迫,并体现在生理指标上。     

喜旱莲子草对喀斯特三种不同生境的可塑性反应

喜旱莲子草自入侵以来在我国各地广为传播蔓延,对人们生产生活产生了重要影响。该研究通过野外采样和室内理化指标分析,探讨喀斯特不同生境中喜旱莲子草的可塑性。结果表明:(1)在三种生境中喜旱莲子草的节间长度、叶面积、单株重和叶干重差异显著。(2)在岩石环境中其无性繁殖器官——茎的投入比例占其生物量的比例最大,其次是行道生境和湘江河道。(3)节间距随环境因子从岩石环境、绿化行道和水生生境的变化,依次增加,叶质比(叶面积/质量)也随水分环境的增加而增加;(4)在岩石环境中,喜旱莲子草通过缩短节间距并增加无性繁殖器官——茎的质量来增加其在水分匮乏生境的繁殖能力。该研究结果为喜旱莲子草今后的防治对策提供了科学依据。     

不同生境下空心莲子草响应模拟昆虫采食的生长和化学防御策略

外来植物往往可以入侵多种生境并受到多种昆虫的采食,而不同生境条件将可能会影响这些入侵植物对昆虫采食的防御策略。以入侵我国的克隆植物——空心莲子草为研究对象,分别选择生长在水生生境、水陆两栖生境和陆生生境中的无性个体(分株),通过50%去叶处理模拟昆虫采食,分析不同生境下空心莲子草对模拟昆虫采食处理的生长及化学防御响应的差异。模拟昆虫采食处理显著抑制了陆生生境、水陆两栖生境以及水生生境下空心莲子草的根、茎、叶和总生物量,但对3种生境下空心莲子草的生物量分配(根冠比、根生物量分配、茎生物量分配和叶生物量分配)均无显著影响。陆生生境下空心莲子草根、茎和总生物量显著高于水陆两栖生境和水生生境,根冠比显著低于水陆两栖生境和水生生境。模拟昆虫采食处理显著降低了空心莲子草的木质素含量,而对单宁和总酚含量影响不显著。生境对木质素含量无显著影响,但陆生生境下空心莲子草单宁含量显著高于水陆两栖生境和水生生境,且总酚含量显著高于水陆两栖生境,表明陆生生境中空心莲子草具有更强的防御能力。空心莲子草木质素含量与总生物量无显著相关性,但在模拟采食情况下,其总酚含量与总生物量呈显著负相关,而无论模拟昆虫采食处理存在与否,空心莲子草单宁含量与总生物量均呈显著正相关。因此,空心莲子草存在昆虫介导的生长和化学防御之间的权衡,在昆虫采食的情况下可通过减少生长来增加对化学防御物质的投入,但生境对空心莲子草这种生长-防御权衡的影响十分有限。     

完全水淹环境中光照和溶氧对喜旱莲子草表型可塑性的影响

光照和溶氧是水环境和陆地环境间差异显著的两个环境因子,对水淹植物的生长和存活具有重要的意义。以三峡库区常见外来入侵植物喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)为研究对象,考察了水体中的光照(L)和溶氧(DO)对完全水淹环境中喜旱莲子草的形态特征和生物量分配等表型可塑性的影响。实验设置水淹和非水淹对照两组处理,对水淹组的光照和溶氧两个环境因子再分别设置有(+)、无(-)以及高(+)、低(-)两种水平,共计4个处理。实验结果表明:(1)水淹可促进喜旱莲子草主茎和叶片发生可塑性反应,引发伸长生长。水淹后,其细长的主茎以及长而薄的直立叶更有利于植株早日出露水面。(2)完全水淹条件下,喜旱莲子草主茎和叶片的表型可塑性受光照和溶氧的复合影响,其中主茎的伸长生长主要受溶氧的影响,而叶片的形态变化则主要受光照影响。高溶氧处理下喜旱莲子草的主茎伸长生长显著(P0.05)。在相同光照条件下,高溶氧处理下喜旱莲子草的主茎长、节间数、节间长以及主茎长/主茎直径均明显高于低溶氧处理。不论有光还是无光,高溶氧处理下喜旱莲子草主茎长以及节间数的平均增长率均处于最高水平,分别为61.8%、34.2%。喜旱莲子草叶片的形态变化在有光处理下表现得尤为显著,其平均叶片长宽比、比叶面积以及叶倾角分别较水淹前增加了39.65%、28.3%、45.9°。(3)光照和溶氧对于喜旱莲子草不定根和分枝的发生及发展存在影响差异。有光条件下可促进植株抽枝,而高溶氧处理时更有利于植株生根。这些形态变化有助于喜旱莲子草扩大株型占据有利生境,进一步提高植株的水下存活能力。     

红薯水提物对外来入侵植物喜旱莲子草生长的化感影响

从植物化感作用的角度,探索利用具有较高经济价值的本地植物或伴生的本地物种对入侵植物进行抑制和清除,是一种控制外来入侵植物行之有效的方法。本研究以本地作物红薯和入侵植物喜旱莲子草为试验对象,探究红薯不同部位(根、茎、叶)3个浓度(0.025、0.05、0.1 g·mL^-1)的水提物对喜旱莲子草的化感作用。以形态学指标(无性系小株个数、节数、叶片数、叶面积、株高、总干重和根数)、化感响应指数、性状比值(肉质化程度、根冠比、比叶面积、叶生物量比、茎生物量比、根生物量比)、新生叶片中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等作为衡量红薯对喜旱莲子草根状茎生长影响程度的参数。结果表明: 1)不同浓度不同部位红薯水提物对喜旱莲子草生长有不同影响。0.1 g·mL^-1根水提物显著抑制所有形态学指标,除总干重和根数外,其他形态学指标均随不同部位水提物浓度的升高而显著降低。2)所有处理的综合化感响应指数均为负值,说明红薯水提物对喜旱莲子草各指标具有负效应,抑制其正常生长。在所有处理中,0.1 g·mL^-1根水提物的化感抑制作用最强,化感响应指数为-0.73,其次为0.1 g·mL^-1茎水提物和0.05 g·mL^-1根水提物,化感响应指数均为-0.44。3)从性状比值可以看出,红薯水提物对肉质化程度、根冠比、比叶面积和叶生物量比有显著抑制作用,而对茎生物量比和根生物量比无显著性影响。4)红薯水提物显著增加新生叶片中丙二醛含量,显著降低超氧化物歧化酶含量,但对过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶无显著影响。表明红薯水提物对喜旱莲子草根状茎生长有显著抑制作用。     

南方菟丝子寄生对喜旱莲子草生长及群落多样性的影响

菟丝子属植物是一种有潜力的入侵植物的生物防治剂。以南方菟丝子(Cuscuta australis)天然寄生的喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)群落为研究对象,对比分析了南方菟丝子寄生对入侵植物喜旱莲子草生长的影响,同时采用群落调查的方法分析南方菟丝子寄生对入侵群落多样性的影响,以判断南方菟丝子是否具有防治喜旱莲子草的能力。结果表明南方菟丝子寄生可以降低喜旱莲子草的根生物量、茎生物量、叶生物量和总生物量,但与对照之间均不存在显著性差异;南方菟丝子寄生可以显著降低茎生物量比,显著增加根生物量比和根冠比。在无南方菟丝子寄生的喜旱莲子草群落中,除南方菟丝子和喜旱莲子草外,共有10科14属14种植物;而在南方菟丝子寄生的喜旱莲子草群落中,除南方菟丝子和喜旱莲子草外,共有16科27属28种植物,南方菟丝子能以产生吸器而寄生生长的植物共有19种,占样地植物种数的67.86%。南方菟丝子寄生可使群落物种丰富度显著性增加,也可使群落Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、McIntosh指数和均匀度指数增加,但是与对照之间不存在显著性差异。南方菟丝子寄生使喜旱莲子草的多度显著性下降,使喜旱莲子草的盖度和高度下降,但与未寄生的喜旱莲子草群落相比不存在显著性差异。但是南方菟丝子寄生可使喜旱莲子草在群落上的相对盖度、相对高度和相对多度均显著性下降,从而导致群落中喜旱莲子草的重要值显著性下降。南方菟丝子寄生可以在一定程度上抑制入侵植物喜旱莲子草的生长,促使群落多样性增加,促进本地群落的恢复。     

麻栎和闽楠幼苗叶功能性状及生物量对光照和施肥的响应

光照和养分条件是影响植物生长的重要环境因子,不同生活型植物对环境异质性的响应机制不同。以落叶阔叶树种麻栎和常绿阔叶树种闽楠幼苗为研究对象,设置2个光照梯度（全光照和45%全光照）和4个施肥梯度（不施肥、氮磷供应比为5、15和45）共8种处理,研究光照和施肥及其交互作用对麻栎和闽楠生物量和叶形态、生理及化学性状的影响,并探讨了叶功能性状和生物量的关系。结果表明：（1）光照、施肥及其交互作用对光合气体交换参数（除水分利用效率外）、叶绿素荧光参数、叶形态指标（除比叶面积外）、单位质量叶氮含量和根冠比影响显著（P<0.05）。此外,光照和施肥对地上生物量和总生物量影响显著（P<0.05）。（2）全光照显著增加了麻栎和闽楠单株总叶面积和地上、地下生物量及总生物量（P<0.05）,而遮荫降低了非光化学猝灭系数、光合氮利用率和根冠比,增加了单位质量叶氮含量。（3）在全光照处理中,施肥显著增加了麻栎和闽楠水分利用效率（P<0.05）;在遮荫处理中,氮磷供应比45显著增加了麻栎和闽楠净光合速率和水分利用效率（P<0.05）。（4）麻栎和闽楠在全光照中倾向于资源获取策略,在遮荫中偏向于资源保守策略。在光照和施肥处理中,麻栎和闽楠单株总叶面积与地上生物量均显著正相关（P<0.05）。总之,单株总叶面积是预测麻栎和闽楠幼苗地上生物量变化的稳定指标,施肥有助于增加低光环境下麻栎和闽楠幼苗的生态适应能力。     

底泥高磷浓度提高了喜旱莲子草的入侵性

植物通过改变自身的形态和生态生理特征对多变的环境因素做出响应,这种表型可塑性能增强外来物种的入侵能力。该文研究了入侵植物喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)对底泥磷浓度、植株密度以及二者间交互作用的可塑性响应,探讨可塑性是否能使其获得更高的入侵能力。结果表明:低密度×底泥高磷浓度处理条件下的叶重、茎重、总重、叶数、分枝数和茎长等明显高于低、中磷浓度处理;高密度×底泥高磷浓度条件下的叶数、茎长和比茎长的值最大;植株的含磷量随底泥磷浓度的升高显著增加,说明喜旱莲子草响应底泥磷浓度变化时改变了自身的形态与生态生理性状。泥底含磷量对叶重比、叶数、茎长、茎磷含量、叶磷含量和植株总含磷量的影响都达到显著水平(p<0.05);植株密度对茎重、比茎长、叶磷含量和植株总磷含量的影响达到显著水平(p<0.05)。与入侵能力相关的叶重比、叶数、茎长在底泥高磷浓度处理中显著增加,说明底泥的高磷浓度增强了喜旱莲子草的入侵能力。     

The ratio of leaf to total photosynthetic area influences shade survival and plastic response to light of green-stemmed leguminous shrub seedlings

Different plant species and organs within a plant differ in their plastic response to light. These responses influence their performance and survival in relation to the light environment, which may range from full sunlight to deep shade. Plasticity, especially with regard to physiological features, is linked to a greater capacity to exploit high light and is usually low in shade-tolerant species. Among photosynthetic organs, green stems, which represent a large fraction of the total photosynthetic area of certain species, are hypothesized to be less capable of adjustment to light than leaves, because of biomechanical and hydraulic constraints. The response to light by leaves and stems of six species of leguminous, green-stemmed shrubs from dry and high-light environments was studied by growing seedlings in three light environments: deep shade, moderate shade and sun (3, 30 and 100 % of full sunlight, respectively). Survival in deep shade ranged from 2 % in Retama sphaerocarpa to 74 % in Ulex europaeus. Survival was maximal at moderate shade in all species, ranging from 80 to 98 %. The six species differed significantly in their ratio of leaf to total photosynthetic area, which influenced their light response. Survival in deep shade increased significantly with increasing ratio of leaf to total photosynthetic area, and decreased with increasing plasticity in net photosynthesis and dark respiration. Responses to light differed between stems and leaves within each species. Mean phenotypic plasticity for the variables leaf or stem specific mass, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, and carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio of leaves, was inversely related to that of stems. Although mean plasticity of stems increased with the ratio of leaf to total photosynthetic area, the mean plasticity of leaves decreased. Shrubs with green stems and a low ratio of leaf to total photosynthetic area are expected to be restricted to well-lit habitats, at least during the seedling stage, owing to their inefficient light capture and the low plasticity of their stems.     

攀援植物绞股蓝幼苗对光照强度的形态和生长反应

 利用遮阳网产生光照强度梯度,以研究攀援植物绞股蓝(Gynostemma pentaphyllum)幼苗对光梯度的形态和生长反应。结果表明：1)相对生长速率、净同化速率和总生物量随光照强度减弱而降低,总叶面积、比茎长、株高、分枝角度、叶面积率和比叶面积却增加;2)株高生长与相对生长速率成负相关;3)幼苗生物量分配对光梯度的反应不敏感。这些结果意味着绞股蓝幼苗的形态和生长反应对不同光环境具有可塑性,比茎长和株高随光照减弱而增加有利于绞股蓝幼苗“寻找”到外界支持物。     

Plasticity in seedling morphology,biomass allocation and physiology among ten temperate tree species in response to shade is related to shade tolerance and not leaf habit

• Mechanisms of shade tolerance in tree seedlings, and thus growth in shade, may differ by leaf habit and vary with ontogeny following seed germination. To examine early responses of seedlings to shade in relation to morphological, physiological and biomass allocation traits, we compared seedlings of 10 temperate species, varying in their leaf habit (broadleaved versus needle‐leaved) and observed tolerance to shade, when growing in two contrasting light treatments – open (about 20% of full sunlight) and shade (about 5% of full sunlight).
• We analyzed biomass allocation and its response to shade using allometric relationships. We also measured leaf gas exchange rates and leaf N in the two light treatments.
• Compared to the open treatment, shading significantly increased traits typically associated with high relative growth rate (RGR) – leaf area ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), and allocation of biomass into leaves, and reduced seedling mass and allocation to roots, and net assimilation rate (NAR). Interestingly, RGR was not affected by light treatment, likely because of morphological and physiological adjustments in shaded plants that offset reductions of in situ net assimilation of carbon in shade. Leaf area‐based rates of light‐saturated leaf gas exchange differed among species groups, but not between light treatments, as leaf N concentration increased in concert with increased SLA in shade.
• We found little evidence to support the hypothesis of a increased plasticity of broadleaved species compared to needle‐leaved conifers in response to shade. However, an expectation of higher plasticity in shade‐intolerant species than in shade‐tolerant ones, and in leaf and plant morphology than in biomass allocation was supported across species of contrasting leaf habit.

     

Consequences of phenotypic plasticity vs. interspecific differences in leaf and root traits for acquisition of aboveground and belowground resources

Trade-offs between acquisition capacities for aboveground and belowground resources were investigated by studying the phenotypic plasticity of leaf and root traits in response to different irradiance levels at low nutrient supply. Two congeneric grasses with contrasting light requirements, Dactylis glomerata and D. polygama, were used. The aim was to analyze phenotypic covariation in components of leaf area and root length in response to above- and belowground resource limitation and the consequences of this variation for resource acquisition and plant growth. At intermediate shading (30 and 20% of full sunlight) the plants were able to maintain their total root length, despite a strongly increased total leaf area and a reduced biomass allocation to roots. This was associated with an unaltered or slightly increased nutrient uptake and growth. At 5.5% relative irradiance, growth was severely reduced, especially in the shade-tolerant D. polygama. The results show that constraints on acquisition capacities for aboveground and belowground resources, caused by biomass allocation, may be alleviated by plasticity in other traits such as tissue-mass density and thickness of roots and leaves. The results also suggest different adaptive constraints for phenotypic plasticity and for genetically determined interspecific variation. Phenotypic plasticity tends to maximize resource acquisition and growth rate in the short term, whereas the higher tissue-mass density and the longer leaf life-span of shade-tolerant species indicate reduced loss rates as a more advantageous species-specific adaptation to shade in the long term.     

二年生三七农艺和质量性状对环境光强的响应特征

为探究光照强度对二年生三七(Panax notoginseng)农艺性状和质量性状的影响,采用人工遮荫的方法,对三七植株的农艺性状、解剖结构、生物量和皂苷含量进行研究。结果表明,三七生物量积累以透光率为13.5%时最大;三七总皂苷含量在透光率9.2%时最高,透光率为13.5%时单株皂苷含量较大。当透光率降低,三七的叶片和茎部生物量增加;透光率增加时,三七通过增加叶片上表皮厚度、海绵组织厚度、栅栏组织厚度和叶片厚度来减少光捕获。因此,在透光率为9.2%~13.5%时对三七的生长、生物量及皂苷的积累有促进作用。     

光强对杉木幼苗形态特征和叶片非结构性碳含量的影响

选取南方重要的造林树种杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook)幼苗为研究对象,通过搭建遮荫棚设置5个光照强度(分别为自然光照的100%、60%、40%、15%和5%),研究了幼苗在不同光照强度下的生长形态、生物量积累及分配、叶片的非结构性碳含量(NSC)特征。结果显示:(1)叶长、叶宽和叶面积在40%光照强度下最大,而比叶面积和叶片相对含水量随着光照强度的降低呈递增趋势;(2)随着光照强度的降低,杉木幼苗各器官生物量下降,根生物量比和根冠比降低,茎和叶生物量比增加;(3)杉木幼苗在60%光照强度下叶片非结构性碳含量最高,5%光照强度下含量最低;(4)杉木幼苗比叶面积与叶生物量以及与非结构性碳含量之间存在极显著的负相关关系(P0.01),叶生物量与非结构性碳含量之间存在极显著的正相关关系(P0.01)。杉木幼苗能够通过形态学上的可塑性来适应不同的光强环境,提高光竞争能力和生存适合度,但在5%光照强度下,由于较难维持碳收支平衡而不利于其生长和存活。     

Does shading explain variation in morphophysiological traits of tropical epiphytic orchids grown in artificial conditions?

Light is one of the main factors of physical environment and it controls plant growth and development by interfering with photosynthesis, especially concerning CO₂ assimilation. Photosynthetic characteristics and growth of C3 epiphytic orchids Miltonia flavescens and Miltonia spectabilis var. moreliana were analyzed under four radiation regimens (25, 50 and 75?% of global radiation and full sunlight). Anatomical characterizations were performed on plants grown at 25?% shade. Artificial shading was obtained using different shading nylon nets. The highest values of light-saturated photosynthetic, dark respiration, net photosynthetic and leaf transpiration rates, stomatal conductance and intercellular to atmospheric CO₂ concentration ratio were observed at full sunlight and 25?% shade. Moreover, both species allocated greater amount of leaf dry weight in those treatments. On the other hand, it was observed a greater investment in pseudobulb biomass in more shaded conditions (50 and 75?%), corroborating with the highest values of intrinsic water-use efficiency observed in those treatments. It was found a significant effect of shading on leaf area and specific leaf area. The anatomical features reflected strategies to save water. The phenotypic plasticity and principal component analysis suggested that the physiological traits were more responsive to light levels than the morphological traits. The results indicate that those species appear to be adapted to high irradiances conditions and are capable of adjusting, via morphophysiological changes, to light availability.     

闽楠幼树光合特性及生物量分配对光环境的响应

设置100%光环境(L100)、40%光环境(L40)、8%光环境(L8)3种光照梯度,分析万木林闽楠(Phoebe bournei)幼树的光合特性及生物量分配特征对不同光环境的响应。结果表明:(1)闽楠幼树在不同光环境下的最大净光合速率(Pnmax),表观量子效率(AQY),光饱和点(LSP),光补偿点(LCP),暗呼吸速率(Rd)均有显著差异(P<0.05),且随着光照强度的降低,Pnmax,LSP,LCP,Rd随之降低,而AQY却呈现升高的趋势。(2)总生物量、茎生物量、叶生物量、根生物量均表现为L100最大,根冠比、叶生物量比、茎生物量比及根生物量比在3种光环境下无显著差异。(3)闽楠幼树通过改变光合特性,生物量积累来适应光环境的变化,其中光照强度的降低限制了生物量的积累,但并未显著改变生物量地上地下分配比例。闽楠幼树在3种光环境下生物量分配比例并无显著的改变,生物量分配可塑性极低可能是闽楠零散分布的一个重要非人为干扰因素。(4)闽楠幼树所采取的生存策略以地上部分生长为主,光照强度降低时则采取保守策略进行缓慢的资源获取和消耗,全光照条件下采取快速的资源获取和消耗策略。未来造林时可以将闽楠与毛竹(Phyllostachys pubescens)混交来减少郁闭度,促进闽楠幼树的生长。