TGF-β1表达水平与原发性肝癌浸润及转移的关系

目的:探讨转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)在原发性肝癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭和转移的关系。方法:选择288例确诊为原发性肝癌患者作为研究组,另选取274例健康志愿者作为对照组。应用酶联免疫吸附法检测两组研究对象血清TGF-β1水平,免疫组织化学标记法检测肝癌患者肿瘤组织、癌旁组织及正常肝脏组织中TGF-β1的表达情况,并结合临床病理资料进行相关性分析。结果:原发性肝癌患者血清中TGF-β1水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。血清TGF-β1水平与肿瘤的组织学分级、浸润深度及转移呈正相关(P0.01)。肝癌患者肿瘤组织中TGF-β1表达水平明显高于正常肝脏组织及癌旁组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:血清TGF-β1与原发性肝癌的侵袭和转移密切相关。TGF-β1可能会改变肿瘤微环境,增加侵袭和转移的潜力。     

RNA干扰肝细胞肝癌中PECAM-1的表达对肿瘤细胞侵袭及增殖的影响

目的:探讨PECAM-1在肝细胞肝癌(Hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)组织中的表达及意义。方法:选择2013年5月-2015年6月在我院接受治疗的HCC患者100例,收集肝癌患者HCC组织及癌旁组织,另选取100例正常肝脏组织作为对照组。应用免疫组织化学法检测PECAM-1在肝癌组织、癌旁组织以及正常肝脏组织中的阳性表达。利用小分子干扰RNA技术(si RNA)构建低表达的PECAM-1,并转染至肝癌细胞中抑制PECAM-1的表达。应用Transwell小室法检测肝癌细胞的侵袭能力,CCK-8法检测肝癌细胞的增殖能力。结果:PECAM-1在肝癌组织、癌旁组织及正常肝脏组织中呈不同程度阳性表达(P0.05);PECAM-1在肝癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达显著高于正常肝脏组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);PECAM-1在肝癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);转染si RNA PECAM-1后,肝癌细胞中PECAM-1 m RNA的表达水平明显下降,PECAM-1蛋白表达也明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);转染si RNA PECAM-1后,肝癌细胞侵袭及增殖能力明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论:PECAM-1在肝癌患者血清中高表达,PECAM-1 si RNA能够抑制肝癌细胞的侵袭及增殖能力,提示PECAM-1可作为预测肝癌发生及发展的临床指标。     

HIF-lα的表达在肝移植后肝癌复发与转移中的意义

目的：探讨肝癌组织中低氧诱导因子-lα（HIF-lα）表达与肝癌行肝移植治疗后肿瘤复发与转移之间的关系。方法：选择肝癌行全肝移植患者45例,应用免疫组化方法检测其切除的肝癌组织、癌旁组织中HIF-lα的表达,分析其表达与移植后肝癌复发与转移之间的关系和意义。结果：肝癌组织中HIF-1α阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织（X2=6.39,P〈0.01）。HIF-1α在肝癌组织中的表达与肿瘤直径、TNM分期、有无淋巴结转移、有无门静脉癌栓及肿瘤播散灶密切相关（P〈0.01）。复发转移组和未复发转移组HIF-1α阳性表达率比较,差异存在显著性（X2=8.46,P〈0.01）。Cox回归多因素分析表明HIF-1α高表达是影响肝癌患者肝移植后肿瘤复发和转移的独立预后因素（P〈0.01）。结论：HIF-1α蛋白有望成为一个预测肝癌患者肝移植后复发和转移的重要指标。     

CD90在肝细胞肝癌组织中的表达及其与肝癌临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨CD90在肝细胞肝癌(HCC)患者肿瘤组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数的关系,为HCC的临床治疗提供参考。方法:选择2014年3月-2015年3月在我院接受治疗的HCC患者80例,收集患者肿瘤组织及癌旁组织,另选择同期就诊的80例正常肝脏组织作为对照组。观察并比较CD90在肝癌组织、癌旁组织及正常肝脏组织中的表达情况。结果:CD90在肝癌组织、癌旁组织及正常肝脏组织中呈不同程度阳性表达(P0.05)。CD90在肝癌组织和癌旁组织中的表达显著高于正常肝脏组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CD90在肝癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CD90在HCC组织中的表达与肿瘤大小、肝内转移、TMN分期和病理分级有关(P0.05)。结论:CD90在肝癌组织中呈高表达,其表达水平与肝癌临床病理参数有关,可以作为HCC诊断、治疗及预后评估的参考指标。     

凋亡诱导因子AIF在肝癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨凋亡诱导因子（AIF）在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学Envision法检测75例肝细胞癌组织及其相应癌旁肝组织、30例正常肝组织中AIF的表达,并分析其表达与肝细胞癌临床病理因素的相关性。结果：肝癌组织中AIF阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织及正常肝组织,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。AIF在肝癌组织中的表达仅与病理分级密切相关（P〈0.01）,而与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、临床分期、肿瘤数目、有无肿瘤包膜和有无淋巴结转移、有无门静脉癌栓均无关。结论：AIF表达可能参与了肝癌的发生和发展过程。     

胰腺癌组织中巨噬细胞移动抑制因子的表达及其意义

目的研究巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）在胰腺癌发生发展中的作用,与肿瘤标志物CEA、CA199的关系。方法应用免疫组化方法检测31例胰腺癌组织、癌旁组织以及14例正常胰腺组织中MIF表达水平,分析MIF表达与各项临床病理特点及血清CEA、CA199水平的关系。结果 MIF在胰腺癌组织中的表达为87.1%,高于癌旁组织的54.8%和正常胰腺组织的7.4%（P〈0.01）;癌旁组织的MIF表达高于正常组织（P〈0.01）。MIF的表达与肿瘤分化程度及远处转移有关（P〈0.05）,MIF表达阳性患者的血清CA199水平高于MIF表达阴性患者,而血清CEA水平两组间无显著统计学意义。结论 MIF对胰腺癌的发生发展起重要作用,可能促进正常腺体组织向胰腺癌发生和发展。MIF可作为胰腺癌的一种血清标志物,联合CA199的检测可更好的发现胰腺癌。     

Survivin 及Anx-A1 在肝癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨Survivin及Anx-A1在肝癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:收集原发性肝癌病例45例,采用免疫组织化染色法检测Survivin及Anx-A1在肝癌组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达,分析Survivin及Anx-A1的表达与肝癌临床病理特征的关系。结果:Survivin在肝癌组织中的阳性表达率为86.67%,在癌旁正常组织中的阳性表达率为17.78%;Anx-A1在肝癌组织中的阳性表达率为46.67%,在癌旁正常组织中的阳性表达率为8.89%;Survivin及Anx-A1在肝癌组织中的阳性表达率均显著高于癌旁正常组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);不同肿瘤分级患者肝癌组织中Survivin与Anx-A1的表达水平存在显著差异(P0.01),肿瘤分级越高,Survivin与Anx-A1表达水平越高。结论:Survivin及Anx-A1的表达与肝癌的发生发展密切相关,可用于肝癌的辅助诊断。     

原发性肝细胞癌组织中Beclin 1的表达及其意义

目的：探讨原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）组织中Beclin 1的表达及其在肝细胞癌发生发展中的作用。方法：应用免疫组化EnVision法检测54例肝细胞癌组织及其癌旁组织中Beclin 1的表达,分析其与肝细胞癌的病理分级、临床分期、侵袭及转移等临床病理因素的关系。结果：HCC组织中Beclin 1阳性表达率明显低于癌旁组织（X2=7.53,P〈0.01）。病理分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ、TNM分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ、存在静脉浸润和淋巴结转移的肝癌组织中的Beclin 1表达水平明显低于病理分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ、TNM分期Ⅰ～Ⅱ、无静脉浸润和淋巴结转移的肝癌组织（P〈0.01）。结论：HCC组织中存在Beclin 1表达缺失,可能与HCC的发生有着密切的关系,且对HCC的恶性生物学行为有重要影响。     

TGF-beta1、HIF-1alpha、VEGF在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：研究TGF-beta1（转化生长因子-beta1）、HIF-1alpha（低氧诱导因子-1alpha）、VEGF（血管内皮生长因子）在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中 的表达及临床意义。方法：选取于我院就诊的160 例胃癌手术患者切除的组织,采用免疫组化技术检测手术切除的胃癌组织中的 TGF-beta 1、HIF-1alpha及VEGF的表达,分析其与患者临床病理参数的关系。结果：免疫组化结果显示：TGF-beta1、HIF-1alpha及VEGF 在胃 癌组织中的表达均高于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;TGF-beta1、HIF-1alpha及VEGF 的表达均与肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移及 浸润深度有关（P<0.05）;VEGF的表达分别与TGF-beta1、HIF-1alpgha的表达呈相关关系（P<0.05）。结论：TGF-beta1、HIF-1alpha及VEGF在胃 癌组织中的表达与胃癌的病理学特征有关,检测TGF-beta1、HIF-1alpha及VEGF的表达将有助于临床诊治胃癌患者。     

实时定量PCR检测miRNA-29a在肝癌中的变化

目的:探讨微小RNA(miRNA)-29a在正常人和原发性肝癌患者血清,以及原发性肝癌患者的正常肝脏组织和肝癌组织中的表达.方法:应用荧光实时定量PCR方法检测miRNA-29a,在正常人和原发性肝癌患者血清水平.同时收集并检测原发性肝癌患者术中取得的正常肝脏组织和癌症组织中miRNA-29a的含量.结果:1)与正常人血清相比,miRNA-29a在原发性肝癌患者血清中水平没有明显改变(P＞0.05).2)与正常肝脏组织相比,原发性肝癌患者肝癌组织中miRNA-125含量明显降低,有统计学差异(P＜0.01).结论:MiRNA-29a在原发性肝癌患者的肝癌组织中表达显著降低,但患者的血清水平并没有明显改变.     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.