金雀花碱的植物生长调节活性

应用植物激素生物试法测定了金雀花碱（cytisine)的某些植物生长调节活性,实验结果表明：金雀花碱抑制小麦芽鞘切段的伸长,但促进黑暗中（26℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶鲜重的增加;能明显促进黑暗中（25℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的生根作用和根的生长。能显著提高离体黄瓜子叶中吲哚乙酸氧化酶的活性,这些现象说明,金雀花碱具有明显的植物生长调节活性。     

苦参碱对植物生长的刺激作用

应用植物激素生物试法测定了苦参碱（matrine)的某些植物生长调节活性,实验结果表明：苦参碱明显促进了离体黄瓜子叶鲜重和干重的增加;苦参碱降低了光下（5000lx,26℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的总叶绿素含量,但促进了离体黄瓜子叶的光合作用;苦参碱还显著促进了在暗中（25℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的生根作用和根的生长,这些现象说明苦参碱具有某些明显的植物生长刺激活性。     

苦参碱对植物生长的刺激作用

应用植物激素生物试法测定了苦参碱（matrine)的某些植物生长调节活性,实验结果表明：苦参碱明显促进了离体黄瓜子叶鲜重和干重的增加;苦参碱降低了光下（5000lx,26℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的总叶绿素含量,但促进了离体黄瓜子叶的光合作用;苦参碱还显著促进了在暗中（25℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的生根作用和根的生长,这些现象说明苦参碱具有某些明显的植物生长刺激活性。     

钾对离体黄瓜子叶生根及根生长的促进作用（简报）

0.134～40.2mmol/L的KCI明显促进离体黄瓜子叶的生根、根长和根鲜重的增加。0.134～13.4mmol/L的KCl则抑制离体黄瓜子叶IAA氧化酶的活性。1.34mmol/L的高锰酸钾、酒石酸钾和邻苯二甲酸氢钾也促进离体黄瓜子叶的生根。     

热击处理对黄瓜种子萌发及离体培养子叶直接分化花芽的影响（简报）

热击处理能提高黄瓜种子的萌发率,但推迟萌发进程;热击处理促进黄瓜种子萌发中以15C处理1h的最明显,且萌发后成苗的生长整齐度也有改善;热击处理促进黄瓜子叶离体培养直接分化成花芽,以55C处理1h的最显著。     

一种新的生根测定方法

研究生长素类的生根现象和筛选生根促进物质,一直沿用幼苗茎切段的生根试法。但是这些测定方法操作比较复杂,试验误差也较大,而且经常出现不规律的结果,因此不适于生根现象的研究和众多样品的筛选工作。我们在工作中找到了一种以离体黄瓜子叶为试验材料的良好生根测定方法,国内外尚未见报道。我们曾利用这一方法研究了某些植物生长调节活性物质的生根作用,并在筛选生根促进物质中得到了较好的结果。本文报道这一新的生根测定方法。     

低营养条件下Paclobutrazol(PP333)对黄瓜去顶幼苗直接形成花芽的影响(简报)

植物开花机理是生物学中的一个基本问题,多年来人们进行过许多的研究,积累了大量的事实,然而对开花的机理仍然还不甚清楚。因而在利用原有实验系统的同时,有必要寻找更多简单,又便于分析的实验系统。Jullien等报告离体培养的大豆子叶节能直接产生花芽。我们在建立离体培养黄瓜子叶直接单独形成雄花或雌花的实验系统的过程中,发现黄瓜幼苗去除顶芽后在子叶节处也能直接形成花芽。这一现象有可能用于深入研究各营养器官和花启动间关系等问题,定将     

黄瓜子叶培养物花芽形成过程的观察

黄瓜（Ｃｕｃｕｍｉｓｓａｔｉｖｕｓ）子叶培养物在离体培养２～５ｄ时,在子叶柄上可见花原基,再过２～３ｄ,可见花原基上产生一轮二次突起,标志着花原基分化已经开始。培养基中添加ｋｉｎｅｔｉｎ（ＫＴ）,可以明显增加花原基的形成数,可以显著促进花原基的分化和花芽的形成     

1,4—二取代酰氨基硫脲类化合物(DATCDs)的植物生理效应与应用研究——Ⅴ.DATCD-A对离体黄瓜子叶扩张及核酸代谢的影响

本实验以离体黄瓜子叶为材料,研究了 DATCD—A 对子叶扩张及核酸代谢的影响。结果表明,DATCD—A 可显著地促进离体黄化子叶扩张,使其鲜重明显增加;并且在处理后期逐渐提高子叶干重。在离体子叶扩张变绿的过程中,DATCD—A 促进离体黄化子叶 RNA、DNA 含量和 DNA/RNA 比率明显上升,且 RNA 的增加发生在 DNA 合成增加之前。凝胶电泳证明,RNA 的增加主要是25s 和18s 的 rRNA。     

细胞分裂素和钾离子对离体黄瓜子叶扩张和代谢变化的比较研究

10 ppm的BA(相当于0.044mM)在暗中强烈地促进离体黄瓜子叶扩张、类胡萝卜素积累及核酸合成,相同条件下,单用KCl(75mM)则没有作用或作用很小。但在光下,KCl明显地促进子叶扩张、核酸合成和叶绿素积累,BA在光下对前两种反应比KCl强得多。看来钾离子的单独作用与光有密切关系,而BA的作用在光下仅略大于暗中。KCl与BA引起子叶扩张的形态变化及对叶绿素合成的影响也是不同的。无论是在暗中或是光下,KCl与BA合用,对离体黄瓜子叶扩张、类胡萝素或叶绿素积累及核酸合成,均有明显的增效作用。实验表明:BA和钾离子在调节黄瓜子叶扩张及代谢变化中的关系十分密切,但它们的作用方式却不相同。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.