唐菖蒲球茎芽的离体培养及快速繁殖

将带１－２个芽眼的唐菖蒲球茎切块接种到附加１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的ＭＳ基本培养基上可诱导休眠芽萌动。无菌芽转移至附加３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的培养基上可分化产生丛生芽。丛生芽的幼代增殖宜采用附加１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的培养基生根培养,以ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．１－０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ或ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１．ｍｇ／Ｌ效果最佳。     

本立芦荟组织培养pH分化特性及快速繁殖的研究

以木立芦荟的叶片、叶鞘、带腋芽的茎段为外植体进行试管培养,结果叶鞘和茎段可诱导形成愈伤组织,腋芽直接萌生。经试验筛选出各增减阶段最适宜的培养基为：⑴愈伤组织诱导,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１５ｍｇｌ;⑵腋芽萌生,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．３－０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１５ｍｇ／Ｌ;⑶丛生芽分化及继代,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１０ｍｇ／Ｌ;⑷生根,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．３－０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０     

雨堡组织培养的研究

取雨堡当年生的枝条上饱满的未萌发的侧芽为外植体,培养于ＭＳ培养基上,其中附加各种不同种类及浓度的激素。在附加６—ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上,诱导芽的效果最好;在附加６—ＢＡ１．０＋ＮＡＡ０．０５＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上,芽的增殖效果最佳;在附加ＫＴ０．３＋ＮＡＡ０．０５＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／ｌ或６—ＢＡ０．３＋ＮＡＡ０．０５＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上,最有利于壮苗;在１／２ＭＳ培养基中,附加ＩＢＡ０．５＋ＮＡＡ０．３ｍｌ／ｌ或ＩＡＡ０．５＋ＮＡＡ０．３ｍｇ／ｌ的培养基中,生根效果最佳。试管苗高２—３ｃｍ,且具有４—８条短根时,开瓶煅炼３—５天,移入培养土中生长的效果好,种植在保温保湿环境中,试管苗成活率高。     

圆柏组织培养繁殖研究

用５年生圆柏幼嫩茎段为外植体,研究植物生长调节剂对试管苗的调控作用及增殖效果。结果表明：在１／２ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上,试管苗分化率为９５．０％,生长发育良好。在ＭＳ｜ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上,增殖效果较好。     

荷兰鸢尾(Iris xiphium L. var. hybridum)的组织培养

取荷兰鸢尾（ＩｒｉｓｘｉｐｈｉｕｍＬ．ｖａｒ．ｈｙｂｒｉｄｕｍ）鳞茎片不同部位外植体块,接种于附加不同激素配比的基本培养基上,其中取自鳞茎片基部外植体块２ｍｍ×２ｍｍ×２ｍｍ,培养基为ＭＳ＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ的不定芽诱导率为最高（７０％）;最理想的增殖培养基为ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ。不定芽直径４～５ｍｍ,培养基为ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ有利于不定根的发生,诱导生根率达８３３％。试管苗不经练苗可直接出瓶,移栽于泥炭∶田土∶河沙＝１∶１∶１（Ｖ／Ｖ）的基质中。     

大蒜分生组织培养脱病毒和快速繁殖技术

采用茎尖分生组织培养技术,获得了大蒜（Ａｌｌｉｕｍ ｓａｔｉｖｕｍ Ｌ．）的无病毒试管苗。通过基本培养基和激素配比试验,筛选出最佳的培养基组成,进行脱病毒苗的快速繁殖。结果表明：诱导愈伤组织的最适培养基为：ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,月生长率达１２．７０倍;诱导丛生芽的最适培养基为：Ｂ５＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ,丛生芽繁殖系数高达２５．５倍,技术上达到了快速繁     

枸杞髓组织离体培养及高频率植株再生的研究

枸杞髓组织在４种ＭＳ培养基上都能诱导出愈伤组织,诱导率５３．７％～１００％。在培养基ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ获得的愈伤组织,呈颗粒状,分散性能好,胚性细胞多．将其转移到ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｍ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ的分化培养基上获得大量绿色小芽,小芽在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上得到快速繁殖,繁殖系数５０～１５０株／芽·月。丛生芽在ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｔｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上形成完整植株     

玉香梨的组织培养与快速繁殖

１植物名称沙梨品种玉香梨（Ｐｙｒｕｓｐｙｒｉｆｏｌｉａ　ｃｖ．　ｙｕｘｉａｎｇ）。２材料类别侧芽。３培养条件（１）丛芽诱导培养基：１／２ＭＳ大量元素＋ＭＳ微量元素＋铁盐＋有机成分＋６－ＢＡ２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．２＋ＧＡ３２＋３％蔗糖＋０．８％琼脂,固体培养;（２）增殖培养基：１／２ＭＳ＋ＢＡ１．５＋ＮＡＡ０．２＋ＧＡ３１＋３％蔗糖＋０．８％琼脂,固体培养;（３）生根培养基：１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１０＋１．５％蔗糖＋０．６％琼脂,固体培养８ｄ后转入不含任何激素的同类培养基中的二步生根法…     

大花蕙兰的快速繁殖技术研究

应用组织培养和快速繁殖技术对大花蕙兰开展了茎尖培养、试管苗微繁和成苗培育的研究,结果表明,有利于原球茎增殖的培养基为ＭＳ＋６ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／ｌ＋２％～３％蔗糖;有利于原球茎分化的培养基为ＭＳ＋６ＢＡ０．４ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／ｌ＋２％～３％蔗糖。四年生以上试管苗可以开花,为其大规模工厂化育苗提供了科学的依据。     

魔芋茎尖组织培养和植株再生的研究

以魔芋茎尖、幼芽为外植本,接种于１／２ＭＳ＋１．０ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ＋０．０１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的培养基中,茎尖、幼芽逐渐生长直接形成幼芽或幼苗;或从茎尖、幼芽由来的膨大的块茎组织表面诱导出幼芽。膨大的块茎组织分割后接种于ＭＳ＋０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋０．０１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的培养基中进行增殖培养,同时从增殖的块茎组织表面不断地诱导出幼芽。幼芽切块转入不含激素的ＭＳ培养基中,形成幼苗。幼苗切块转入ＭＳ＋０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的生根培养茎中,幼苗生根,形成完整的植株。试管苗移栽６个月后获得干块茎。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.