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1.
五种木兰属植物的花粉形态   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
对木兰属(Magnolia)5种花粉进行了光学显微镜观察,形态相似。扫描电镜下观察,花粉外壁均为小穴状纹饰,荷花玉兰(M.grandiflora)略为粗糙。透射电镜下观察,5种花粉外壁均可分为覆盖层、柱状层和基层。覆盖层不连续,有小穿孔。在远极面萌发沟区域,外壁逐渐减薄,最后覆盖层和柱状层消失,仅残留基层。柱状层内部空隙较小,多由颗粒构成,处于小柱发育的初级阶段。荷花玉兰和玉兰萌发沟区域下有明显的外壁-2。木兰属花粉属于原始类型的代表。  相似文献   

2.
单性木兰属花粉形态观察   总被引:9,自引:4,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
徐凤霞   《广西植物》1998,18(1):29-31
本文对单性木兰(KmeriaseptentrionalisDandy)的花粉形态和花粉壁的亚显微结构做了详细观察。花粉椭圆形,具单沟;外壁表面较粗糙,具皱波状间小穴纹饰;外壁分层明显,柱状层发育较好。  相似文献   

3.
天南星属植物的花粉形态   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
利用扫描电镜对天南星科天南星属(Arisaema)8组25种植物的花粉进行研究(其中,12种前人未观察过,12种中11种为我国特有)。结果显示:本属花粉形态基本一致,即球形,无萌发孔,无覆盖层,具微刺,是一个非常自然的类群。但各个种在花粉粒大小,刺长,刺的形状,刺基部上径,刺的密度和刺间纹饰方面差别较大,可以作为区别种的依据。这进一步证实了前人的结论。花粉形态支持学者们关于天南星属是本科最进化的类群之一的观点。天南星属花粉可能由线花组从花粉大小适中、刺密度居中向大或小、密或疏的方向发展;刺间表面纹饰对探讨组间演化关系意义不大。Murata等对于花粉刺间具较密颗粒为曲序组特征的界定可疑;把A.yunnanense Buchet、A.bathycoleum Hand.-Mazt.和A.prazeri Hook.f.归入曲序组似乎不妥。A.consanguineum Schott和A.fraternum Schott的花粉形态没有支持李恒对这两个种的归并。  相似文献   

4.
猕猴桃属9种植物的花粉形态研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
本文利用扫描电镜和光学显微镜研究了猕猴桃属6种和3变种植物的花粉形态。本属花粉粒具三孔沟或三拟孔沟,外壁纹饰差异较大。可作为该属属下分组的重要依据之一。根据外壁纹饰,可将它们概括为4种类型:(1)皱块状表面具细条纹;(2)不规则的瘤状纹饰;(3)小沟状或小穿孔状;(4)较规则的瘤状纹饰类型。  相似文献   

5.
乌头属植物花粉形态研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
  相似文献   

6.
曹明  周浙昆 《广西植物》2002,22(1):T001-T005
从系统学分类学的角度出发,对国产栎属31个种的花粉进行了光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察。研究结果表明栎属的花粉萌发孔对该属的系统与分类无太大的参考价值;但栎属的花粉纹饰有颗粒状,聚粒状两种主要类型,具有重要的系统学分类学价值。花粉形态的研究结果支持将栎属植物划分为常绿类与落叶类的观点,栎属巴东栎组植物的花粉纹饰在种间存在分化,花粉形态的研究结果支持将巴东栎组至少划分为两个不同类群的观点;在佐以其他证据的情况下,栎属植物的花粉纹饰还具有重要的分类学价值。  相似文献   

7.
河南木兰属一新种   总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10  
舞钢玉兰新种图1MagnoliawugangensisTBZhao,WBSunetZXChen,spnovfig1MdedudataDesrsimilis,sedfloribusterminalibusaxilaribusque...  相似文献   

8.
国产狗娃花属植物的花粉形态研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用光镜,扫描电镜对狗娃花属(Heteropappus)7种植物的花粉形态和结构进行了观察研究。发现该属植物花粉粒为近球形或长球形,3孔沟,具刺状纹饰,种间花粉差异主要表现在大小,形状和外壁纹饰细微变化等方面,该属花粉与紫菀属(Aster)和乳菀属(Ca-latella)的相似。表明它们有密切的亲缘关系。  相似文献   

9.
国产堇菜属植物花粉形态的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
孙坤  王漪 《植物研究》1994,14(1):81-87
本文应用光学显微镜及扫描电镜对国产32种堇菜属植物的花粉形态进行了观察,结果表明,在光学显微镜下,除V.tricolor L.外,堇菜属植物的花粉形态比校一致,对本属的分类意义不大。在扫描电镜下的花粉外壁纹饰亦表明本属是一个较为自然的类群。但国产四亚属之间的花粉在外壁纹饰,颗粒的多少和有无,穿孔的多少和有无等方面存在着较明显的差异,而在亚属内则分化校小。支持了Juzepchuk(1949)和王庆瑞(1991)的分类处理。  相似文献   

10.
若干悬钩子属植物的花粉形态研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
陈少风  叶居新 《植物研究》1996,16(4):463-466
蔷薇科悬钩子属10种植物的花粉形态进行了扫描电镜观察,描述了花粉形态的特征,探讨了植物花粉形态特征与外部形态特征的关系。  相似文献   

11.
景宁木兰花粉萌发与贮藏特性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
以景宁木兰的花粉为试材;采用花粉离体培养法;用单因子与正交试验研究不同浓度蔗糖、H3BO3、CaCl2所组成的基本培养基对景宁木兰花粉萌发的影响;同时探讨不同贮藏条件和贮藏时间对花粉活力的影响。结果表明:景宁木兰在30 g·L-1蔗糖+200 mg·L-1 H3BO3+200 mg·L-1 CaCl2的液体培养基上萌发率最高(74.56%)。低温条件下有利于景宁木兰花粉生活力的保持;在-80℃条件下;花粉生活力下降较慢;并且随着贮藏时间的增加;经过硅胶干燥的花粉的活力明显高于湿润花粉的活力。  相似文献   

12.
对香港木兰的花果期物候、花朵结构、单花期、开花特性及花粉在离体培养和人工授粉条件下的萌发现象进行观察和研究。结果表明,该种的开花习性限制蜂类昆虫在其柱头可授期内进入花内传粉,为专一的甲虫传粉植物;花粉萌发时间长、开花不集中、花期适逢雨季都影响到昆虫的传粉活动和有效受精。  相似文献   

13.
红花玉兰等5个玉兰种花粉形态观察及分类学意义   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过对红花玉兰(Magnolia wufengensis L. Y. Ma et L. R. Wang)等5个玉兰种的花粉的光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察拍照,测量光学显微镜下的花粉大小并对其进行统计学分析。结果表明:光学显微镜下,木兰属5个种的花粉均呈现椭圆形或近圆形,各种之间大小、形状方面有较大差异,种内部也存在不同程度的差异;扫描电子显微镜下,各种花粉均为舟形,且具有闭合、长及两端的远极萌发单沟等一致特征,花粉表面纹饰、突起等特征在种内部比较稳定,不同种之间差异明显,可以为木兰属植物种的划分提供比较准确的依据。  相似文献   

14.
以南蛇藤花粉和柱头为研究对象;用日立TM-1000扫描电镜(SEM)观察花粉和柱头形态;用TTC(2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride)法测定不同贮藏温度对雄花花粉活力的影响;用固体培养基萌发法测定不同温度下雄花花粉的萌发率。结果表明:南蛇藤花粉粒呈长球形;赤道观细长椭圆形;极面观近三裂圆形;具三孔沟;网状雕纹。南蛇藤雌花、两性花的柱头形态及不同发育期的变化规律相似;而雄花柱头形态明显区别于雌花和两性花的。不同的贮藏温度对雄花花粉活力的影响差异明显;贮藏温度越高;花粉失活越快;说明低温利于花粉贮藏。南蛇藤雄花花粉萌发的最适温度约25℃。  相似文献   

15.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Twenty-three genera of Amaranthaceae occur in the New World. Two endemic genera occur in the Hawaiian Islands. Among the genera of the subfamily Amaranthoideae, Celosia, Cyathula and Achyranthes have their main distributions in the Old World; the two last-named genera are represented in the Americas only by widespread weeds. All the New World genera of the subfamily Gomphrenoideae are mainly or entirely restricted to this region. Characters of androecium and gynoecium are fundamental in the recognition of genera within the family. Androecia of different genera may be structurally and phylogenetically more similar than would appear from a cursory examination. It is suggested that the type of staminal tubes found in Pseudogomphrena and Froelichia can be derived from that in Alternanthera and Froelichiella by reduction of filament length and a fusion of pseudostaminodia with the filaments. The staminal tube in Gomphrena could result from a further decrease in distance between pseudostaminodia of the Pseudogomphrena type, and a deeper forking of the pseudostaminodia; each so-called apical filament lobe in Gomphrena would then be homologous with half a pseudostaminodium in Pseudogomphrena. Much of the variation in the androecia of these and other genera, as well as within genera such as Pfaffia, can be explained as the combined results of coalescence and splitting-up tendencies. Splitting up of staminal tubes may not necessarily take place along the borders of phylogenetically original filaments and pseudostaminodia. The Amaranthus-type of pollen is found in the majority of genera of the subfamily Amaranthoideae, but also in the Chenopodiaceae. A group of genera within the subfamily Gomphrenoideae also has pollen very similar to, or identical with, this type. Most genera of the subfamily Gomphrenoideae have pollen of the Gomphrena-type. Pseudoplantago has unilocular (at anthesis) anthers, a characteristic of the subfamily Gomphrenoideae, but floral structure as well as pollen morphology connect the genus to a group of genera within the Amaranthoideae, subtribe Achyranthinae. The combination of subcuboidal shape and opercula with radially arranged hooked protuberances, makes the pollen of Pseudoplantago unique among the angiosperms studied so far. Floral morphology and palynological characteristics indicate a close relationship between Pfaffia and Alternanthera. Both genera, as currently accepted, are relatively homogeneous from pollen morphological points of view. There are no correlations between pollen morphology and the variation in the androecium in Pfaffia, nor would pollen structure support recognition of Hebanthe as a distinct genus. Woehleria and Irenella may be derived from, or be of the same origin as, Dicraurus and Iresine. All four genera are placed in the subfamily Gomphrenoideae because of the bisporangiate anthers, but their pollen structure is very close to, or identical with, that of the Amaranthus-type. Pseudogomphrena combines characteristics of Gomphrena and Pfaffia.  相似文献   

16.
Pollen transport to a receptive stigma can be facilitated through different pollinators, which submits the pollen to different selection pressures. This study aimed to associate pollen and stigma morphology with zoophily in species of the tribe Phaseoleae. Species of the genera Erythrina, Macroptilium and Mucuna with different pollinators were chosen. Pollen grains and stigmas were examined under light microscopy (anatomy), scanning electronic microscopy (surface analyses) and transmission electronic microscopy (ultrastructure). The three genera differ in terms of pollen wall ornamentation, pollen size, pollen aperture, thickness of the pollen wall, amount of pollenkitt, pollen hydration status and dominant reserves within the pollen grain, while species within each genus are very similar in most studied characteristics. Most of these features lack relationships to pollinator type, especially in Erythrina and Mucuna. Pollen reserves are discussed on a broad scale, according to the occurrence of protein in the pollen of invertebrate- or vertebrate-pollinated species. Some pollen characteristics are more associated to semi-dry stigma requirements. This apical, compact, cuticularised and secretory stigma occurs in all species investigated. We conclude that data on pollen and stigma structure should be included together with those on floral morphology and pollinator behaviour for the establishment of functional pollination classes.  相似文献   

17.
水雍科植物的花粉形态研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
孙坤  陈家宽  张志耘 《植物研究》2002,22(1):T001-T002
应用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对世界水雍科6种植物的花粉形态进行了观察。水雍科植物花粉为舟形或船形,具远极单沟萌发孔类型,外壁纹饰通常为浅网状至网状,稀为小刺状纹饰,外壁外层由覆盖层、柱状层和基层组成,覆盖层厚。水雍科植物花粉外壁纹饰表现了从小刺状向网状的过渡。该科花粉为远极单沟,覆盖层厚,具小刺等特征反映了其与水鳖科和泽泻目花蔺科的密切联系,而该科花粉外壁纹饰多为网状则与茨藻目植物接近。这一结果支持将水雍科从茨藻目中分出作为一个独立的目处理的观点。此外,水雍科植物的花粉大小、纹饰类型、网眼大小与深浅等方面的差异对种级分类有一定意义。  相似文献   

18.
东北19种禾本科植物花粉形态研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
马玉心  李强  崔大练 《植物研究》2004,24(2):175-181
报道了禾本科19种植物的花粉形态.通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜,对花粉的形态、表面饰纹、萌发孔的许多特征进行了观察.总结了禾本科植物花粉形态的类型及萌发孔的特征.  相似文献   

19.
    
Strobilanthes kannanii, a new species of Acanthaceae from southern Western Ghats is described and illustrated. It shows similarity to S. sessilis in some vegetative, floral and palynological characters. Notes on the habitat, distribution, and affinities are also provided along with color images and line drawings.  相似文献   

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