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1.
QTL mapping of genes controlling ear emergence time and plant height on chromosome 5A of wheat 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
K. Kato H. Miura S. Sawada 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(3-4):472-477
Chromosome 5A of wheat carries major gene loci for agronomic traits including the vernalization requirement (Vrn-A1) and ear morphology (Q). To determine whether the genetic variation for ear emergence time and plant height is attributable to either of these major
genes as pleiotropic effects or independent QTL, we combined a RFLP map constructed from 120 recombinant substitution lines
derived from a cross between ‘Chinese Spring’ (Cappelle-Desprez 5A) and CS(Triticum spelta 5A) with data collected from field trials over 3 years. For ear emergence time the main effects on flowering time were by
Vrn-A1 and QEet.ocs-5A.1, the latter a QTL in the 28.6-cM Xcdo584/Q interval linked to Q by less than 10 cM. The CS(T. spelta 5A) allele at QEet.ocs-5A.1 contributed to an earlier ear emergence time by 2.7–6.0 days, which was approximately equal to the effects of Vrn-A1. For plant height, three QTLs were identified on the long arm and linked in repulsion. The CS(T. spelta 5A) allele at Vrn-A1 or closely linked to Xfba068 contributed to a height reduction of 3.5–6.1 cm, whereas both the Q allele and Qt.ocs-5A.1 allele within the Xcdo1088/Xbcd9 interval from CS(Cappelle-Desprez 5A) produced a shorter plant. When plant height was partitioned into culm length and ear
length, the Vrn-A1 allele and CS(Cappelle-Desprez 5A) allele at QCl.ocs-5A.1 within the Xcd1088/Xbcd9 interval were found to contribute to a shorter culm. CS(T. spelta 5A) allele at q was a major determinant of a long ear, together with minor effects at QEl.ocs-5A.1 within the Xcdo1088/Xbcd9 interval.
Received: 1 April 1998 / Accepted: 13 July 1998 相似文献
2.
Differential effects of the null alleles at the three Wx loci on the starch-pasting properties of wheat 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
E. Araki H. Miura S. Sawada 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(7):1113-1120
The amylose/amylopectin ratio and the pasting properties of wheat starch are important in producing marketable flour products,
especially Japanese noodles. To determine if null mutations at the three Wx loci confer differences in starch-pasting viscosity, we analyzed the variation associated with the null mutations in three
separate sets of recombinant substitution lines of chromosomes 7A, 4A and 7D produced from crosses between Chinese Spring
and three single-chromosome substitution lines carrying the null Wx alleles. Differential effects of null alleles at the three Wx loci on starch-pasting properties were revealed. With respect to chromosome 4A, the effect of the Wx-B1b allele, giving a higher peak and breakdown viscosity, was unambiguous. In addition, a QTL of minor effect was identified
near the centromere on the short arm. The presence or absence of the Wx-A1 protein gave some variation in peak and breakdown
viscosity, but the effects of Wx-Alb were much smaller than those of the Wx-Blb allele. Associated effects of the Wx-D1 locus were detected for the breakdown viscosity as the null Wx-D1b allele produced a higher viscosity than the wild-type Wx-D1a. While negative correlations between amylose content and breakdown viscosity were common in the three populations, the null
mutations at the Wx loci produced some variation independent of amylose content. The genetic variation detected for breakdown viscosity was more
evident than that for peak viscosity in all three recombinant populations.
Received: 20 July 1999 / Accepted: 7 October 1999 相似文献
3.
K. Kato H. Miura S. Sawada 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(7):1114-1121
Chromosome 5A of wheat is known to carry a number of genes affecting adaptability and productivity. To localize quantitative
trait loci (QTLs) controlling grain yield and its components, an RFLP map was constructed from 118 single-chromosome recombinant
lines derived from the F1 between Chinese Spring (Cappelle-Desprez 5A) and Chinese Spring (Triticum spelta 5A). The map was combined with the field-trial data scored over 3 years. A total of five regions in chromosome 5A contributed
effects on yield traits. Increases in grain yield, 50-grain weight and spikelet number/ear were determined by complementary
QTL alleles from both parents. The effects associated with the vernalization requirement gene Vrn-A1 or a closely linked QTL were significant only in the favorable growing season where the later-flowering vrn-A1 allele from Cappelle-Desprez 5A produced a higher tiller number/plant and spikelet number/ear. The effects of the ear morphology
gene q or closely linked QTL(s) were detected for grain yield and ear grain weight. Three other QTLs with minor effects were dispersed
along chromosome 5A. These QTLs had large interactions with years due to changes in the magnitude of the significant response.
The alleles from T. spelta, however, conferred a higher yield performance.
Received: 18 August 1999 / Accepted: 25 March 2000 相似文献
4.
L. A. Marquez-Cedillo P. M. Hayes A. Kleinhofs W. G. Legge B. G. Rossnagel K. Sato S. E. Ullrich D. M. Wesenberg 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(4):625-637
A better understanding of the genetics of complex traits, such as yield, may be achieved by using molecular tools. This study
was conducted to estimate the number, genome location, effect and allele phase of QTLs determining agronomic traits in the
two North American malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) quality variety standards. Using a doubled haploid population of 140 lines from the cross of two-rowed Harrington×six-rowed
Morex, agronomic phenotypic data sets from nine environments, and a 107-marker linkage map, we performed QTL analyses using
simple interval mapping and simplified composite interval mapping procedures. Thirty-five QTLs were associated, either across
environments or in individual environments, with five grain and agronomic traits (yield, kernel plumpness, test weight, heading
date, and plant height). Significant QTL×environment interaction was detected for all traits. These interactions resulted
from both changes in the magnitude of response and changes in the sign of the allelic effect. QTLs for multiple traits were
coincident. The vrs1 locus on chromosome 2 (2H), which determines inflorescence row type, was coincident with the largest-effect QTL determining
four traits (yield, kernel plumpness, test weight, and plant height). QTL analyses were also conducted separately for each
sub-population (six-rowed and two-rowed). Seven new QTLs were detected in the sub-populations. Positive transgressive segregants
were found for all traits, but they were more prevalent in the six-rowed sub-population.QTL analysis should be useful for
identifying candidate genes and introgressing favorable alleles between germplasm groups.
Received: 18 August 2000 / Accepted: 15 December 2000 相似文献
5.
Genetical analysis of chromosome 5A of wheat and its influence on important agronomic characters 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Snape J. W. Law C. N. Parker B. B. Worland A. J. 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1985,71(3):518-526
Summary Chromosome 5A of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum carries the major gene, Vrnl, which is one of the main determinants of the winter/spring growth habit polymorphism in this species. Genetical analysis of this chromosome has been carried out using single-chromosome recombinant lines to establish the pleiotropic effects of this locus and two other major genes, q determining ear morphology and bl determining the presence of awns, on important agronomic characters. The three major genes were located on the long arm of chromosome 5A with a gene order of: centromere -bl-q-Vrnl. Analysis of quantitative characters from a winter sowing revealed pleiotropic effects of Vrnl or the effects of closely linked loci on the characters plant height, tiller number and spikelet number. However effects on ear emergence time were not associated with Vrnl but with q as were effects on spikelet number and ear length. In addition a locus determining yield/plant was located between Vrnl and q. Independant loci determining height and ear length were apparent on the short arm of chromosome 5A. From a spring sowing, however, there was a large pleiotropic effect of Vrnl on ear emergence time, as well as the effects previously detected. In addition, associated with q were effects on plant height and grain size which were not expressed from the winter sowing. 相似文献
6.
Differential effects of Wx-A1, -B1 and -D1 protein deficiencies on apparent amylose content and starch pasting properties in common wheat 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
M. Yamamori N. T. Quynh 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(1):32-38
Waxy (Wx) protein is a granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) responsible for amylose production in cereal endosperm. Eight
isolines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) having different combinations of presence and absence of three Wx proteins, Wx-A1, -B1, and -D1, were produced in order
to elucidate the effect of Wx protein deficiencies on the apparent amylose content and starch-pasting properties. An improved
SDS gel electrophoresis showed that ’Bai Huo’ (a parental wheat) carried a variant Wx-B1 protein from an allele, Wx-B1e. Thus, wheat lines of types 1, 2, 4, and 6 examined in this study contained a variant Wx-B1 allele and not the standard allele, Wx-B1a. The results from 3 years of experiments using 176 lines derived from two cross-combinations showed that apparent amylose
content increased the least in type 8 (waxy) having no Wx proteins and, in ascending order, increased in type 5 (only the
Wx-A1 protein is present) <type 7 (Wx-D1) <type 6 (Wx-B1) <type 3 (Wx-A1 and -D1) <type 4 (Wx-A1 and -B1) <type 2 (Wx-B1 and
-D1) <type 1 (three Wx proteins). However, Tukey’ s studentized range test did not detect significant differences in some
cases. Densitometric analysis suggested that the amylose content was related to the amount of the Wx protein in the eight
types. Parameters in the Rapid Visco-Analyzer test and swelling power were correlated to amylose content. Consequently, amylose
content and pasting properties of starch were determined to be influenced the most by the lack of the Wx-B1 protein, followed
by a lack of Wx-D1, and leastly by the Wx-A1 deficiency, which indicated the presence of differential effects of the three
null alleles for the Wx protein.
Received: 1 February 1999 / Accepted: 10 April 1999 相似文献
7.
Molecular comparison of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> waxy</Emphasis> null alleles in common wheat and identification of a unique null allele 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Saito M Konda M Vrinten P Nakamura K Nakamura T 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,108(7):1205-1211
PCR selection markers for the identification of null waxy alleles were used to screen for waxy mutations in 168 common wheat cultivars. In all cultivars where the Wx-B1 protein was absent, the Wx-B1 allele was identical to the previously identified mutation carried by Kanto 107. Although most cultivars missing the Wx-A1 protein also carried the same Wx-A1 mutation as found in Kanto 107, all of the Turkey Wx-A1 mutants produced a different PCR fragment, implying the presence of a different mutation. Sequencing of this fragment indicated the mutation, which consisted of a 173-bp insertion in an exon, was in a different location than the previously identified Wx-A1 mutation. An 8-bp duplication of the Wx-A1 sequence flanked each end of the insertion, and an element with reverse complementary sequences was present at both ends of the insertion. These structures correspond with the features of class II transposable elements. Hence, the Turkey null Wx-A1 mutation was likely caused by the movement of a transposon, and this spontaneous mutation appears to be present in a limited geographical area.Communicated by C. Möllers 相似文献
8.
A novel codominant marker for selection of the null Wx-B1 allele in wheat breeding programs 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mika Saito Patricia Vrinten Goro Ishikawa Robert Graybosch Toshiki Nakamura 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,23(2):209-217
Waxy protein (granule-bound starch synthase I) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of amylose in endosperm tissue. The amylose
content of wheat flour plays a significant role in determining Japanese udon noodle quality. Most wheat cultivars suitable
for producing udon noodles have a low amylose level due to a lack of Wx-B1 protein conditioned by null Wx-B1 alleles. It was previously determined that the entire coding region of the wheat Wx-B1 gene is deleted in the most common null allele. However, the extent and breakpoints of the deletion have not been established.
In this study, the position of the 3′ deletion breakpoint was refined by mapping with PCR-based markers. Using information
from this analysis, a chromosome walk was initiated and the DNA sequence flanking the deletion breakpoints was obtained. The
deletion included a 3,872 bp region downstream from the termination codon of Wx-B1 gene. Based on similarity with T. monococcum sequences, it was estimated that approximately 60 kb upstream of the Wx-B1 gene was also deleted. Using this sequence information, a codominant marker for the identification of the Wx-B1 null allele was developed. This marker can unambiguously identify heterozygous plants, which will accelerate the selection
of partial waxy mutants carrying the Wx-B1 null allele. 相似文献
9.
From QTLs for enzyme activity to candidate genes in maize 总被引:14,自引:4,他引:14
Prioul J; Pelleschi S; Sene M; Theevenot C; Causse M; de Vienne D; Leonardi A 《Journal of experimental botany》1999,50(337):1281-1288
In order to facilitate the search for genes underlying QTLs (Quantitative
Trait Loci), the activities of key enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism
in maize, and the concentration of their substrates or products were used
as quantitative traits. For each of the chosen enzyme, i.e. ADPglucose
pyrophosphorylase, sucrose-phosphate-synthase and invertases, the
corresponding cDNA was available. Since biochemical traits are more closely
related to gene expression than agronomic traits, co-locations could be
expected between an enzyme structural gene and a QTL for its enzyme
activity, and/or the corresponding product or substrate content. This
approach was applied using recombinant inbred lines on leaves at 3- or
4-leaf stage, under control and water stress conditions and on grain, at
maturity. Several QTLs were detected for each trait, particularly for two
enzyme activities measured in mature leaves. Apparent co-locations between
QTL for activity and structural locus were observed for
sucrose-phosphate-synthase (chromosome 8) and acid-soluble invertase
(chromosome 2 and 5). Leaf acid-soluble (vacuolar) invertase provided an
interesting case since QTL, on chromosome 5, explaining 17% of variability
was apparently co-located with the Ivr2 gene encoding
a vacuolar invertase protein which was strongly water-stress inducible.
Similarly, in grain, an amylose QTL co-located with the
Sh2 gene of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase. The
reliability of this candidate was further tested through the examination of
Sh2 DNA polymorphism in 46 genetically unrelated
lines. A correlation was obtained between this polymorphism and kernel
starch content, which further validated Sh2 as a
candidate. Some improvements or alternatives to this strategy are briefly
discussed.
相似文献
10.
Location of genes involved in ear compactness in wheat (Triticum aestivum) by means of molecular markers 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Sourdille P. Tixier M.H. Charmet G. Gay G. Cadalen T. Bernard S. Bernard M. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2000,6(3):247-255
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for three traits related to ear morphology (spike length, number of spikelets, and compactness as the ratio between number of spikelets and spike length) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were mapped in a doubled-haploid (DH) population derived from the cross between the cultivars Courtot and Chinese Spring. A molecular marker linkage map of this cross that had previously been constructed based on 187 DH lines and 380 markers was used for QTL mapping. The genome was well covered (85%) except chromosomes 1D and 4D and a set of anchor loci regularly spaced (one marker each 15.5 cM) were chosen for marker regression analysis. The presence of a QTL was declared at a significance threshold = 0.001. The population was grown in one location under field conditions during three years (1994, 1995 and 1998). For each trait, 4 to 6 QTLs were identified with individual effects ranging between 6.9% and 21.8% of total phenotypic variation. Several QTLs were detected that affected more than one trait. Of the QTLs 50% were detected in more than one year and two of them (number of spikelets on chromosome 2B, and compactness on chromosome 2D) emerged from the data from the three years. Only one QTL co-segregated with the gene Q known to be involved in ear morphology, namely the speltoid phenotype. However, this chromosome region explained only a minor part of the variation (7.5–11%). Other regions had a stronger effect, especially two previously unidentified regions located on chromosomes 1A and 2B. The region on the long arm of chromosome 1A was close to the locus XksuG34-1A and explained 12% of variation in spike length and 10% for compactness. On chromosome 2B, the QTL was detected for the three traits near the locus Xfbb121-2B. This QTL explained 9% to 22% of variation for the traits and was located in the same region as the gene involved in photoperiod response (Ppd2). Other regions were located at homoeologous positions on chromosomes 2A and 2D. 相似文献
11.
Identification and verification of QTLs for agronomic traits using wild barley introgression lines 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Schmalenbach I Léon J Pillen K 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,118(3):483-497
A set of 39 wild barley introgression lines (hereafter abbreviated with S42ILs) was subjected to a QTL study to verify genetic
effects for agronomic traits, previously detected in the BC2DH population S42 (von Korff et al. 2006 in Theor Appl Genet 112:1221–1231) and, in addition, to identify new QTLs and favorable wild barley alleles. Each line within
the S42IL set contains a single marker-defined chromosomal introgression from wild barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum), whereas the remaining part of the genome is exclusively derived from elite spring barley (H. vulgare ssp. vulgare). Agronomic field data of the S42ILs were collected for seven traits from three different environments during the 2007 growing
season. For detection of putative QTLs, a two-factorial mixed model ANOVA and, subsequently, a Dunnett test with the recurrent
parent as a control were conducted. The presence of a QTL effect on a wild barley introgression was accepted, if the trait
value of a particular S42IL was significantly (P < 0.05) different from the control, either across all environments and/or in a particular environment. A total of 47 QTLs
were localized in the S42IL set, among which 39 QTLs were significant across all tested environments. For 19 QTLs (40.4%),
the wild barley introgression was associated with a favorable effect on trait performance. Von Korff et al. (2006 in Theor Appl Genet 112:1221–1231) mapped altogether 44 QTLs for six agronomic traits to genomic regions, which are represented
by wild barley introgressions of the S42IL set. Here, 18 QTLs (40.9%) revealed a favorable wild barley effect on the trait
performance. By means of the S42ILs, 20 out of the 44 QTLs (45.5%) and ten out of the 18 favorable effects (55.6%) were verified.
Most QTL effects were confirmed for the traits days until heading and plant height. For the six corresponding traits, a total
of 17 new QTLs were identified, where at six QTLs (35.3%) the exotic introgression caused an improved trait performance. In
addition, eight QTLs for the newly studied trait grains per ear were detected. Here, no QTL from wild barley exhibited a favorable
effect. The introgression line S42IL-107, which carries an introgression on chromosome 2H, 17–42 cM is an example for S42ILs
carrying several QTL effects simultaneously. This line exhibited improved performance across all tested environments for the
traits days until heading, plant height and thousand grain weight. The line can be directly used to transfer valuable Hsp alleles into modern elite cultivars, and, thus, for breeding of improved varieties. 相似文献
12.
Yujia Leng Shuilian Wang Ruoan Wang Tao Tao Shuwen Jia Tao Song Lina Xu Xiuling Cai Sukui Jin Jiping Gao 《Phyton》2022,91(5):943-958
Grain size traits are critical agronomic traits which directly determine grain yield, but the genetic bases of these traits are still not well understood. In this study, a total of 154 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) population derived from a cross between a japonica variety Koshihikari and an indica variety Nona Bokra was used to investigate grain length (GL), grain width (GW), length-width ratio (LWR), grain perimeter (GP), grain area (GA), and thousand grain weight (TGW) under four environments. QTL mapping analysis of six grain size traits was performed by QTL IciMapping 4.2 with an inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) model. A total of 64 QTLs were identified for these traits, which mapped to chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12 and accounted for 1.6%–27.1% of the total phenotypic variations. Among these QTLs, thirty-six loci were novel and seven QTLs were identified under four environments. One locus containing the known grain size gene, qGL3/GL3.1/OsPPKL1, also have been found. Moreover, five pairs of digenic epistatic interactions were identified except for GL and GP. These findings will facilitate fine mapping of the candidate gene and QTL pyramiding to genetically improve grain yield in rice. 相似文献
13.
H. Miura S. Tanii T. Nakamura N. Watanabe 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,89(2-3):276-280
The endosperm starch of the wheat grain is composed of amylose and amylopectin. Genetic manipulation of the ratio of amylose to amylopectin or the amylose content could bring about improved texture and quality of wheat flour. The chromosomal locations of genes affecting amylose content were investigated using a monosomic series of Chinese Spring (CS) and a set of Cheyenne (CNN) chromosome substitution lines in the CS genetic background. Trials over three seasons revealed that a decrease in amylose content occurred in monosomic 4A and an increase in monosomic 7B. Allelic variation between CS and CNN was suggested for the genes on chromosomes 4A and 7B. To examine the effects of three Waxy (Wx) genes which encode a granule-bound starch synthase (Wx protein), the Wx proteins from CS monosomics of interest were analyzed using SDS-PAGE. The amount of the Wx protein coded by the Wx-B1 gene on chromosome arm 4AL was reduced in monosomic 4A, and thus accounted for its decreased amylose content. The amounts of two other Wx proteins coded by the Wx-A1 and Wx-D1 genes on chromosome arms 7AS and 7DS, respectively, showed low levels of protein in the monosomics but no effect on amylose content. The effect of chromosome 7B on the level of amylose suggested the presence of a regulator gene which suppresses the activities of the Wx genes. 相似文献
14.
为了全面了解亚麻产量和品质相关性状的遗传基础,为亚麻基因克隆和分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据,在已构建SNP连锁遗传图谱的基础上,以LH-89为父本,R43为母本构建F2:3家系QTL定位群体,用R/QTL软件采用复合区间作图法对13个农艺和品质性状进行QTL定位。结果表明:(1)该研究共检测出35个QTL位点,与粗脂肪及其组成成分相关的QTL有20个,与农艺性状相关的QTL有15个;其中:亚油酸和粗脂肪各5个,亚麻酸、千粒重各4个,棕榈酸、株高、工艺长度各3个,硬脂酸、分枝数各2个,单株果数、果粒数、单株粒重、油酸各1个。(2)共有18个QTL的表型贡献率超10%(主效基因),其中农艺性状定位8个主效基因,品质性状定位10个主效基因。 相似文献
15.
von Korff M Wang H Léon J Pillen K 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(7):1221-1231
The objective of the present study was to identify favourable exotic Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) alleles for the improvement
of agronomic traits in the BC2DH population S42 derived from a cross between the spring barley cultivar Scarlett and the wild barley accession ISR42-8 (Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum). QTLs were detected as a marker main effect and/or a marker × environment interaction effect (M × E) in a three-factorial ANOVA. Using field data of up to eight environments and genotype data of 98 SSR loci, we detected 86
QTLs for nine agronomic traits. At 60 QTLs the marker main effect, at five QTLs the M × E interaction effect, and at 21 QTLs both the effects were significant. The majority of the M × E interaction effects were due to changes in magnitude and are, therefore, still valuable for marker assisted selection across
environments. The exotic alleles improved performance in 31 (36.0%) of 86 QTLs detected for agronomic traits. The exotic alleles
had favourable effects on all analysed quantitative traits. These favourable exotic alleles were detected, in particular on
the short arm of chromosome 2H and the long arm of chromosome 4H. The exotic allele on 4HL, for example, improved yield by
7.1%. Furthermore, the presence of the exotic allele on 2HS increased the yield component traits ears per m2 and thousand grain weight by 16.4% and 3.2%, respectively. The present study, hence, demonstrated that wild barley does harbour
valuable alleles, which can enrich the genetic basis of cultivated barley and improve quantitative agronomic traits. 相似文献
16.
Dissecting a wheat QTL for yield present in a range of environments: from the QTL to candidate genes 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Quarrie S Pekic Quarrie S Radosevic R Rancic D Kaminska A Barnes JD Leverington M Ceoloni C Dodig D 《Journal of experimental botany》2006,57(11):2627-2637
Previous studies with 95 bread wheat doubled haploid lines (DHLs) from the cross Chinese Spring (CS)xSQ1 trialled over 24 yearxtreatmentxlocations identified major yield quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in homoeologous locations on 7AL and 7BL, expressed mainly under stressed and non-stressed conditions, respectively. SQ1 and CS contributed alleles increasing yield on 7AL and 7BL, respectively. The yield component most strongly associated with these QTLs was grains per ear. Additional results which focus on the 7AL yield QTL are presented here. Trials monitoring agronomic, morphological, physiological, and anatomical traits revealed that the 7AL yield QTL was not associated with differences in flowering time or plant height, but with significant differences in biomass at maturity and anthesis, biomass per tiller, and biomass during tillering. In some trials, flag leaf chlorophyll content and leaf width at tillering were also associated with the QTL. Thus, it is likely that the yield gene(s) on 7AL affects plant productivity. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) for the 7AL yield QTL with CS or SQ1 alleles in an SQ1 background showed the SQ1 allele to be associated with >20% higher yield per ear, significantly higher flag leaf chlorophyll content, and wider flag leaves. Epidermal cell width and distance between leaf vascular bundles did not differ significantly between NILs, so the yield-associated gene may influence the number of cell files across the leaf through effects on cell division. Interestingly, comparative mapping with rice identified AINTEGUMENTA and G-protein subunit genes affecting lateral cell division at locations homologous to the wheat 7AL yield QTL. 相似文献
17.
Huang XQ Kempf H Ganal MW Röder MS 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,109(5):933-943
We report here the second advanced backcross quantitative trait locus (AB-QTL) analysis carried out in winter wheat. Seven agronomic traits were studied in a BC2F1population derived from a cross between the German winter wheat variety Flair and the synthetic wheat line XX86 developed in Japan. We selected 111 BC2F1 lines and genotyped these with 197 microsatellite markers. Field data for seven agronomic traits were collected from corresponding BC2F3 families that were grown at up to six locations in Germany. QTL analyses for yield and yield components were performed using single-marker regression and interval mapping. A total of 57 putative QTLs derived from XX86 were detected, of which 24 (42.1%) were found to have a positive effect from the synthetic wheat XX86. These favourable QTLs were mainly associated with thousand-grain weight and grain weight per ear. Many QTLs for correlated traits were mapped in similar chromosomal regions. The AB-QTL data obtained in the present study are discussed and compared with results from previous QTL analyses. 相似文献
18.
Kiyosumi Hori Kazuhiko Sugimoto Yasunori Nonoue Nozomi Ono Kazuki Matsubara Utako Yamanouchi Akira Abe Yoshinobu Takeuchi Masahiro Yano 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,120(8):1547-1557
Backcrossed inbred lines (BILs) and a set of reciprocal chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from crosses
between japonica rice cultivars Nipponbare and Koshihikari were used to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for pre-harvest sprouting resistance.
In the BILs, we detected one QTL on chromosome 3 and one QTL on chromosome 12. The QTL on the short arm of chromosome 3 accounted
for 45.0% of the phenotypic variance and the Nipponbare allele of the QTL increased germination percentage by 21.3%. In the
CSSLs, we detected seven QTLs, which were located on chromosomes 2, 3 (two), 5, 8 and 11 (two). All Nipponbare alleles of
the QTLs were associated with an increased rate of germination. The major QTL for pre-harvest sprouting resistance on the
short arm of chromosome 3 was localized to a 474-kbp region in the Nipponbare genome by the SSR markers RM14240 and RM14275
by using 11 substitution lines to replace the different short chromosome segments on chromosome 3. This QTL co-localized with
the low-temperature germinability gene qLTG3-1. The level of germinability under low temperature strongly correlated with the level of pre-harvest sprouting resistance
in the substitution lines. Sequence analyses revealed a novel functional allele of qLTG3-1 in Nipponbare and a loss-of-function allele in Koshihikari. The allelic difference in qLTG3-1 between Nipponbare and Koshihikari is likely to be associated with differences in both pre-harvest sprouting resistance and
low-temperature germinability. 相似文献
19.
QTL mapping for grain filling rate and yield-related traits in RILs of the Chinese winter wheat population Heshangmai × Yu8679 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Wang RX Hai L Zhang XY You GX Yan CS Xiao SH 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,118(2):313-325
A set of 142 winter wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) deriving from the cross Heshangmai x Yu8679 were tried in four ecological environments during the seasons 2006 and 2007. Nine agronomic traits comprising mean grain filling rate (GFR(mean)), maximum grain filling rate (GFR(max)), grain filling duration (GFD), grain number per ear (GNE), grain weight per ear (GWE), flowering time (FT), maturation time (MT), plant height (PHT) and thousand grain weight (TGW) were evaluated in Beijing (2006 and 2007), Chengdu (2007) and Hefei (2007). A genetic map comprising 173 SSR markers and two EST markers was generated. Based on the genetic map and phenotypic data, quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped for these agronomic traits. A total of 99 putative QTLs were identified for the nine traits over four environments except GFD, PHT and MT, measured in two environments (BJ07 and CD07), respectively. Of the QTL detected, 17 for GFR(mean), 16 for GFR(max), 21 for TGW and 10 for GWE involving the chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2D, 3A, 3B, 3D, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B, 6D and 7D were identified. Moreover, 13 genomic regions showing pleiotropic effects were detected in chromosomes 1A, 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 4B, 4D, 5B, 6D and 7D; these QTL revealing pleiotropic effects may be informative for a better understanding of the genetic basis of grain filling rate and other yield-related traits, and represent potential targets for multi-trait marker aided selection in wheat. 相似文献
20.
A further look at quantitative trait loci affecting growth and fatness in a cross between Meishan and Large White pig populations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A detailed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of growth and fatness data from a three generation experimental cross between Large White (LW) and Meishan (MS) pig breeds was carried out to search for sex × QTL interactions, imprinting effects and multiple linked QTLs. A total of 530 F2 males and 573 F2 females issued from 6 F1 boars and 23 F1 sows were typed for a total of 137 markers covering the entire porcine genome. Nine growth traits and three backfat thickness measurements were analysed. All analyses were performed using line cross regression procedures. A QTL with sex-specific expression was revealed in the proximal region of chromosome 8, although some confusion between herd and sex effects could not be discarded. This previously undetected QTL affected male growth during the fattening period, with a favourable additive effect of the LW allele. The analyses also revealed the presence of two linked QTLs segregating on chromosome 1, affecting growth traits during the post-weaning period. The first QTL, previously detected using a single QTL model, was located at the end of the q arm of chromosome 1 and had a favourable MS allele. The second QTL had a favourable LW allele and was located in the proximal extremity of the q arm of chromosome 1. Suggestive genomic imprinting was found in the distal region of chromosome 9 affecting growth during the fattening period. 相似文献