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水杨酸与植物抗非生物胁迫 总被引:45,自引:0,他引:45
本文综述了水杨酸在诱导植物抗(耐)非生物胁迫如重金属、自氧、紫外辐射、过冷、热激、水分亏缺和盐胁迫等方面的进展,并探讨了水杨酸作用的分子、生理机制。 相似文献
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水杨酸对非生物胁迫下植物抗氧化能力的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水杨酸(SA)在植物体内具有重要生理作用,除了参与抵抗生物胁迫信号转导外,还参与植物响应非生物胁迫。外源SA在植物应对盐碱、重金属、高低温和干旱等胁迫过程中发挥关键作用。综述了SA调控的抗氧化系统对植物响应非生物胁迫的影响,重点讨论了SA对抗氧化酶和非酶物质的诱导作用。 相似文献
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NaCl胁迫下水杨酸和阿斯匹林对小麦幼苗体内ATP含量的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
水杨酸被广泛地用于植物抗病研究,人们发现水杨酸及其类似物往往诱导植物产生抗盐生理性状,认为水杨酸可能与植物抗盐性有关[1~7];盐分胁迫条件下植物生长降低、代谢受到抑制的原因之一是由于盐分胁迫导致植物能量代谢失衡[8],ATP作为植物维持生命活动最重... 相似文献
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水杨酸与植物抗逆性的关系 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
水杨酸(SA)是植物体内的一种新型激素,它不仅能调节植物的一些生长发育过程,还在植物抗生物胁迫和非生物胁迫中发挥着重要作用。重金属、热、盐等逆境能诱导植物体内SA的合成,缓解逆境对植物造成的伤害,增强植物的抗逆性能力。 相似文献
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NO在植物生长发育和环境胁迫响应中的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一氧化氮(NO)是具有生物活性和信号转导作用的气体活性分子,它不仅对植物的许多生命活动如种子萌发、生长和衰老等具有直接的生理调节功能,而且作为防御反应中的关键信使,参与了植物对外界环境胁迫的响应,如干旱胁迫、热胁迫、盐胁迫、UV-B辐射、臭氧胁迫、重金属胁迫、机械损伤以及植物抗病反应.NO与各种激素如乙烯、脱落酸、水杨酸、生长素和细胞分裂素等,在调节植物的生理活动与信号转导方面有明显的协同作用,通过激素起作用可能是植物内源NO作用的机理之一.探明在正常生长状况下植物内源NO对植物生长发育的调控机制及其参与信号转导的生理机制是目前研究的重点. 相似文献
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Hydrogen Peroxide in Plants: a Versatile Molecule of the Reactive Oxygen Species Network 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Plants often face the challenge of severe environmental conditions, which include various biotic and abiotic stresses that exert adverse effects on plant growth and development. During evolution, plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to adapt to various environmental stressors. One of the consequences of stress is an increase in the cellular concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are subsequently converted to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Even under normal conditions, higher plants produce ROS during metabolic processes. Excess concentrations of ROS result in oxidative damage to or the apoptotic death of cells. Development of an antioxidant defense system in plants protects them against oxidative stress damage. These ROS and, more particularly, H2O2, play versatile roles in normal plant physiological processes and in resistance to stresses. Recently, H2O2 has been regarded as a signaling molecule and regulator of the expression of some genes in cells. This review describes various aspects of H2O2 function, generation and scavenging, gene regulation and cross-links with other physiological molecules during plant growth, development and resistance responses. 相似文献
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Rapid loss of stress resistance in Drosophila melanogaster under adaptation to laboratory culture 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hoffmann AA Hallas R Sinclair C Partridge L 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2001,55(2):436-438
We investigate changes in resistance to desiccation and starvation during adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster to laboratory culture. We test the hypothesis that resistance to environmental stresses is lost under laboratory adaptation. For both traits, there was a rapid loss of resistance over a three-year period. The rapidity of the response suggested that mutation accumulation could not account for it. Rather, resistance to environmental stresses appeared to be lost as a correlated response to selection on another trait, such as early fertility, with which stress resistance is negatively genetically correlated. These results suggest that caution is needed when extrapolating from evolution of stress resistance in long-established laboratory stocks to patterns of responses and correlated responses in natural populations. 相似文献
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The relationship between alkaline adaptation and the resistance against environmental stresses was examined in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Alkali-adapted cells were found to have increased resistance against various stresses, including heat, crystal violet, deoxycholic acid, and hydrogen peroxide. However, alkali-adapted cells showed no increased resistance against acid stress and heat-adapted cells did not show increased resistance against alkaline stress. Furthermore, alkaline treatment induced cell elongation with heterogenous size of the bacterium. 相似文献
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The relationship between alkaline adaptation and the resistance against environmental stresses was examined in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Alkali-adapted cells were found to have increased resistance against various stresses, including heat, crystal violet, deoxycholic acid, and hydrogen peroxide. However, alkali-adapted cells showed no increased resistance against acid stress and heat-adapted cells did not show increased resistance against alkaline stress. Furthermore, alkaline treatment induced cell elongation with heterogenous size of the bacterium. 相似文献
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Koga T Sakamoto F Yamoto A Takumi K 《The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology》1999,45(4):155-161
The relationship of acid adaptation to the resistance of other environmental stresses was examined in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Acid-adapted cells were found to have increased resistance to various stresses, including heat, crystal violet, bile, and deoxy cholic acid. However, heat-adapted cells showed no increased resistance against acid stress. Adaptation required protein synthesis, since treatment with chloramphenicol during adaptation to pH 5.3 prevented the development of acid resistance. Acid-adapted cells showed an increased amount of outer membrane protein with an apparent molecular weight of 27,000. These results show that acid-induced cross-protection involved changes in outer membrane protein composition and the known enhancement of intracellular pH homeostasis. 相似文献
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Kim TH 《Molecules and cells》2012,33(1):1-7
Abiotic and biotic stresses are the major factors that negatively impact plant growth. In response to abiotic environmental
stresses such as drought, plants generate resistance responses through abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction. In addition
to the major role of ABA in abiotic stress signaling, ABA signaling was reported to downregulate biotic stress signaling.
Conversely recent findings provide evidence that initial activation of plant immune signaling inhibits subsequent ABA signal
transduction. Stimulation of effector-triggered disease response can interfere with ABA signal transduction via modulation of internal calcium-dependent signaling pathways. This review overviews the interactions of abiotic and biotic
stress signal transduction and the mechanism through which stress surveillance system operates to generate the most efficient
resistant traits against various stress condition. 相似文献
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Influence of the fluidity of the membrane on the response of microorganisms to environmental stresses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this mini-review is to relate membrane physical properties to the adaptation and resistance of microorganisms to environmental stresses. In the first part, the effects of various stresses on the structure and dynamic properties of phospholipid and biological membranes are presented. The compensation of these effects, i.e., change in membrane fluidity, phase transitions, by the active cellular control of the membrane chemical composition, is then described. In this natural process, the change in membrane fluidity is viewed as the detecting "input" signal that initiates the regulation, activating proteic effectors that in turn may influence the chemical composition of the membrane (feedback). This adaptation system allows the maintenance of the physical characteristics of membranes and, thereby, of their functionality. When environmental stresses are extreme and occur abruptly, the regulation process may not compensate for the changes in the membrane physical characteristics. In such cases, important variations in the membrane fluidity and structure may induce cellular damages and cell death. However, the lethal consequences are not systematically observed because protective effects of changes in the membrane physical state on the resistance to stresses are also reported. 相似文献