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1.
马骉  张颖  姜桂荣 《生物技术》2004,14(Z1):2-3
蛇毒纤维蛋白溶解酶能直接溶解纤维蛋白(原).对蛇毒纤溶酶的深入研究,不仅有助于阐明蛇伤中毒患者的凝血病理机制,而且为其开发应用提供了理论基础.该文综述了蛇毒纤溶酶的研究进展及应用前景,重点阐述了蛇毒纤溶酶的分布和种类、分子结构及酶学特性等方面的内容.  相似文献   

2.
蛇毒纤溶酶的神经生长因子活性   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
张颖  雷兰  李佐刚  史晓丹 《生物技术》2004,14(Z1):15-16
目的证明蛇毒生长因子具有神经生长因子活性,并初步探讨其原因.方法分实验组和对照组,定量和定性测定两组的神经生长因子活性,对比蛇毒纤溶酶和神经生长因子的氨基酸序列.结果蛇毒纤溶酶在20U/ml时具有明显的神经生长因子活性,N-末端氨基酸序列与神经生长因子同源性达80~90%.结论蛇毒纤溶酶具有明显的神经生长因子活性,其结构与神经生长因子相似.  相似文献   

3.
蛇毒纤维蛋白(原)溶酶   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
在蝰亚科、蝮亚科和眼镜科等蛇毒中存在着一类能直接溶解纤维蛋白 (原 )的酶 ,称为纤维蛋白 (原 )溶酶 (简称纤溶酶 ) [1] 。 1 976年 ,Ouyang等第一次从尖吻蝮蛇毒中分离纯化得到纤溶酶[2 ] 。这些纤溶酶可用于溶解在心肌梗塞、中风、血栓等期间形成的血凝块[1] 。作为一种潜在的强有力的抗栓药物 ,纤溶酶已成为蛇毒蛋白酶领域的一个研究热点。1 .蛇毒纤溶酶的分类蛇毒纤溶酶的分类方法主要有 3种 :第一种根据纤溶酶对纤维蛋白原 (fibrinogen ,Fg)的作用方式 ;第二种是根据纤溶酶的结构特点[3] ;第三种是根据纤溶酶的分…  相似文献   

4.
马骉  魏化伟  姜桂荣  刘挺  吴丹 《生物技术》2004,14(Z1):10-11
目的探讨单克隆抗体技术在蛇毒纤溶酶分离纯化中的应用.方法用单抗技术制备亲和层析柱,来分离纯化纤溶酶.结果分离出的纤溶酶纯度高,无神经毒出血毒等毒性.结论运用单抗技术的亲和层析柱能有效分离纤溶酶.  相似文献   

5.
姜桂荣  吴丹  李佐刚 《生物技术》2004,14(Z1):13-14
目的探讨蝮蛇蛇毒纤溶酶对实验性动物血栓形成的影响.方法采用Chandler氏体外法形成大白鼠体外血栓和家兔半体内血栓,给药组和对照组分别注射蛇毒纤溶酶及相同体积的生理盐水,分别测定两组动物体外形成的血栓重量和长度.结果给药组动物形成的血栓明显小于对照组.结论蝮蛇蛇毒纤溶酶具有抑制血栓形成的作用.  相似文献   

6.
蛇毒纤溶酶的性质及应用研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
张箴波  张学荣  舒雨雁 《蛇志》2005,17(3):174-176
蛇毒中含有许多不同生物活性的酶类,包括金属蛋白酶、凝血酶、丝氨酸蛋白酶、磷脂酶、磷酸二酯酶、透明质酸酶、精氨酸酯酶等。其中,在蝰亚科、蝮亚科和眼镜蛇科等蛇毒中存在着一类能直接溶解纤维蛋白(原)的酶,称为纤维蛋白(原)溶酶(简称纤溶酶,Fibrinolytic enzyme,FLE)。纤维蛋白原是由Aα、Bβ、γ三对肽链组成。纤维蛋白则是A、B两对肽链从Aα、Bβ两对肽链上水解下来后,剩下的(αβγ)2通过氢键聚合形成的不溶性纤维蛋白多聚体。纤溶酶对两者都有水解作用。自1976年Ouyang和Huang首次从尖吻蝮蛇毒中获得纯化的纤溶酶以来,迄今已从不同科属的至少15种蛇毒中获得了25种以上的纯化纤溶酶,并对其分子结构、酶学特性及出血活性的关系进行了深入的研究。纤溶酶是一种具有溶栓、抗栓等作用的药物,已成为蛇毒蛋白领域的一个研究热点。  相似文献   

7.
目的研究蛇毒纤溶酶的药理作用.方法分别以低、中、高三个剂量组(5.0、10.0、20.0u/kg体重)研究蛇毒纤溶酶对麻醉犬颈动脉收缩压、舒张压、平均压、心率、心电图各参数、呼吸频率与幅度、凝血时间及复钙时间的影响.结果蛇毒纤溶酶(5.0、10.0、20.0u/kg)对麻醉犬血压、心率、心电、呼吸频率及呼吸幅度均无明显影响;低剂量(5.0u/kg)组蛇毒纤溶酶对犬凝血时间及复钙时间无明显影响,但中高剂量组(10.0、20.0u/kg)蛇毒纤溶酶可明显延长凝血时间及复钙时间,中剂量组对复钙时间的影响恢复较快;蛇毒纤溶酶对小鼠一般行为,机能协调功能及阈下戊巴比妥钠催眠作用无明显影响;对神经系统无明显影响.结论蛇毒纤溶酶能明显延长血液凝固时间及复钙时间,对循环系统、呼吸系统和神经系统无明显副作用.是一种安全有效的抗凝血药物.  相似文献   

8.
目的从蛇毒中纯化具有溶栓功效的纤溶酶.方法用DEAE-Sephadex A50离子交换,单抗亲和层析两步柱层析方法,对白眉蝮蛇蛇毒进行纯化,得到了一种纤溶酶活性组分.结果分离出的纤溶酶没有出血毒及神经毒等毒性,是一种安全的溶栓药物.结论运用单克隆技术的亲和层析能成功分离纤溶酶.  相似文献   

9.
五步蛇蛇毒的分离纯化及综合利用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
五步蛇蛇毒冻干粉经过SephadexG-75分子筛层析,使纤溶酶和类凝血酶初步分离;DEAE阴离子交换层析对2种酶进一步分离纯化,分别得到了纤溶酶和类凝血酶。2种酶在HPLC图谱上均呈单一峰,在SDS-PAGE图谱上均为单一条带,纤溶酶分子量大约为24.1kDa,类凝血酶分子量大约为14.4kDa,与以往报道相符。酶的总活力回收率大大提高,纤溶酶的活力回收率达23.9%,类凝血酶的活力回收率达34.5%。实现了对蛇毒的综合利用,为进一步开发利用蛇毒探索了一条有效的途径。  相似文献   

10.
李佐刚  丁浩涵  王展 《生物技术》2004,14(Z1):16-18
目的研究蛇毒纤溶酶在体内过程及药代动力学.方法以125I-蛇毒纤溶酶作示踪剂进行研究.结果静脉注射后,体内血药浓度时程曲线为二房室模型,大鼠体内T1/2β分别为6.1h(低剂量)、6.3h(中剂量)、5.6h(高剂量)、小鼠尾静脉注射后3h,各脏器中放射性活性达到峰值,其值(%)大小顺序为肾(1.34)>肺(1.09)>肝(0.90)=脾(0.90)>心(0.51)>肌肉(0.45)>脑(0.29),125I-蛇毒纤溶酶静脉注射后72h内,尿排泄率为85.6%,粪排泄率为5.4%,胆汗排泄率为12%.结论蛇毒纤溶酶静脉注射后,体内血药浓度时程曲线为二房室模型,主要从尿排泄.  相似文献   

11.
The complete amino acid sequence of a non-hemorrhagic fibrino(geno)lytic enzyme (VlF) isolated from Vipera lebetina venom has been determined. VlF was subjected to separate enzymatic and chemical digestions. Resulting fragments were purified by RP-HPLC and subjected for sequencing by automated Edman degradation. The amino terminus of VlF was determined by mass spectrometry. VlF was shown to be composed of 202 residues having a relative molecular mass of 22,826 Da and containing a zinc-binding site and a catalytically active residue. It displayed significant sequence similarities with many other mature metalloproteinases reported from snake venoms. Sequence comparison of hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic mature metalloproteinases revealed the presence at the C-terminal part of the enzymes of two residues common to only hemorrhagic metalloproteinases and two others shared by only non-hemorrhagic ones.  相似文献   

12.
Bothrops insularis is a threatened snake endemic to Queimada Grande Island, southern coast of S?o Paulo, Brazil, and the occurrence of sexual abnormalities in males, females and intersexes (females with functional ovaries and rudimentary hemipenis) has been reported in this population. The aim of this study was to identify ontogenetic shifts in protease expression of offspring of captive-bred B. insularis. Three neonates from a single litter were maintained at the facilities of Laboratory of Herpetology, Institute Butantan, for 41 months. The snakes were individually milked and venoms were analyzed both by SDS-PAGE, under reducing conditions, and for biochemical activities. The venoms from the mother and from a pool of adult specimens were used as references. In regard to the electrophoretic patterns, common bands were identified mainly between 14 and 50 kDa among snakes. The occurrence of proteolytic activity was noticed predominantly between 27 and 45 kDa in zymograms. Inhibitory assays with 1,10-phenantroline (10 mM) and PMSF (5 mM) showed that venoms possessed both metalloproteases and serine proteases. Venoms of young specimens showed a higher coagulant activity than those of adults, especially upon factors X and II. All venoms presented fibrino(geno)lytic activity, degrading Aalpha and Bbeta chains of fibrinogen, and lysing fibrin plate. These findings can reflect important individual, ontogenetic and sexual differences on venom composition and are likely correlated with diet habits of this species.  相似文献   

13.
A fibrino(geno)lytic nonhemorrhagic metalloproteinase (BleucMP) was purified from Bothrops leucurus snake venom by two chromatographic steps procedure on DEAE-Sephadex A-25 followed by CM-Sepharose Fast Flow column. BleucMP represented 1.75% (w/w) of the crude venom and was homogeneous on SDS-PAGE. BleucMP analyzed by MALDI TOF/TOF, showed a molecular mass of 23,057.54Da and when alkylated and reduced, the mass is 23,830.40Da. Their peptides analyzed in MS (MALDI TOF\TOF) showed significant score when compared with those of other proteins by NCBI-BLAST2 alignment display. As regards their proteolytic activities, BleucMP efficiently acted on fibrinogen, fibrin, and was inhibited by EDTA and 1.10-phenanthroline. This enzyme was also able to decrease significantly the plasma fibrinogen level provoking blood incoagulability, however was devoid of hemorrhagic activity when tested in the mice skin and did not induce relevant biochemical, hematological and histopathological alterations in mice. The aspects addressed in this paper provide data on the effect of BleucMP in envenomation from B. leucurus snakes in order to better understand the effects caused by snake venom metalloproteinase.  相似文献   

14.
Fibrino(geno)lytic enzymes from snake venoms have been identified as high quality therapeutic agents for treatment of blood clots and strokes. They act on fibrinogen and fibrin, leading to defibrinogenation of blood, lysis of fibrin, and a consequent decrease in blood viscosity. In this work, a fibrinolytic enzyme (ussurenase) from China Agkistrodon blomhoffii Ussurensis snake venom, was purified to homogeneity, identified as a stable 23,367.8 Da monomeric protein, and was identified as a new kind of snake venom metalloproteinase. Ussurenase reacts optimally with fibrin clots at pH 7.5-8.3 and a temperature of 33-41 degrees C. Although many fibrinolytic enzymes are known to be zinc-dependent, measurements from inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) reveal that ussurenase is a Ca2+-containing protein with a molar ratio of 1:1 ([Ca2+]:[enzyme]). Ca2+ is crucial to the fibrin clot hydrolysis by ussurenase but also plays an important role in maintaining the structural integrity of the enzyme. The addition of Ca2+ to the apoenzyme induces a conformational change making the environments surrounding the Trp residues of the enzyme more hydrophobic. The presence of Ca2+ also increases the structural stability of ussurenase, so that higher concentrations of the denaturant guanidine hydrochloride are required to denature the native ussurenase compared to the apo-form. UV absorption and CD spectroscopy experiments show that Ca2+ increases the thermostability and changes the secondary structure of ussurenase. All these data suggest that Ca2+ is crucial for the correct folding and activity of ussurenase.  相似文献   

15.
The fibrino(geno)lytic activity of the non-specific proteolytic enzyme ocrase, a protease from Aspergillus ochraceus, was studied in rat plasma in vitro and in vivo. The proteolytic activity of ocrase was rapidly neutralized by plasmatic inhibitors. Ocrase concentrations which did not surpass the inhibitory capacity of rat plasma exerted predominantly fibrinolytic effects. Under these conditions, ocrase displayed a certain fibrin specificity causing thrombolysis.  相似文献   

16.
Several hydrolytic enzymes of snake venom have evolved to interfere in various physiological processes, which are well defined. However, hydrolytic enzymes such as nucleotidases (5′nucleotidase, ATPase, and ADPase) are less studied and their pharmacological role in venoms is not clearly defined. Very few studies have shown the pharmacological importance of these endogenous purine release related enzymes in venoms. The near‐ubiquitous distribution of these enzymes in venoms, suggests a significant role for these enzymes in envenomation. It is suggested that their major function is in the generation of purines (mainly adenosine)—a multitoxin. Therefore, it appears that these enzymes play a central role in liberating adenosine and through the action of adenosine help in prey immobilization. However, apart from this, these enzymes could also possess other pharmacological activities. Further research is needed to biologically characterize these enzymes in snake venoms, such that their role in venom is clearly established. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
AIMS: Venoms of snakes, scorpions, bees and purified venom phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) enzymes were examined to evaluate the antibacterial activity of purified venom enzymes as compared with that of the crude venoms. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-four crude venoms, nine purified PLA(2)s and two L-amino acid oxidases (LAAO) were studied for antibacterial activity by disc-diffusion assay (100 microg ml(-1)). Several snake venoms (Daboia russelli russelli, Crotalus adamanteus, Naja sumatrana, Pseudechis guttata, Agkistrodon halys, Acanthophis praelongus and Daboia russelli siamensis) showed activity against two to four different pathogenic bacteria. Daboia russelli russelli and Pseudechis australis venoms exhibited the most potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while the rest showed only a moderate activity against one or more bacteria. The order of susceptibility of the bacteria against viperidae venoms was -S. aureus > Proteus mirabilis > Proteus vulgaris > Enterobacter aerogenes > Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against S. aureus was studied by dilution method (160-1.25 microg ml(-1)). A stronger effect was noted with the viperidae venoms (20 microg ml(-11)) as compared with elapidae venoms (40 microg ml(-1)). The MIC were comparable with those of the standard drugs (chloramphenicol, streptomycin and penicillin). CONCLUSION: The present findings indicate that viperidae (D. russelli russelli) and elapidae (P. australis) venoms have significant antibacterial effects against gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria, which may be the result of the primary antibacterial components of laao, and in particular, the PLA(2) enzymes. The results would be useful for further purification and characterization of antibacterial agents from snake venoms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The activity of LAAO and PLA(2) enzymes may be associated with the antibacterial activity of snake venoms.  相似文献   

18.
宁永成  王月英 《蛇志》1992,4(3):4-6
本文对不同产地的蝮蛇毒和眼镜蛇毒、五步蛇毒等十六个冻干样品,进行了核磁共振氢谱测试.列出了具有代表性的的氢谱图。从谱图中可看出:每种种属蛇毒均有其特征的核磁共振氢谱,此法在准分子水平上是鉴定蛇毒的一种有效而可靠的方法.  相似文献   

19.
Among the myriad of enzymes present in animal venoms, nucleotidases and nucleases are poorly investigated. Herein, we studied such enzymes in 28 crude venoms of animals found in Brazil. Higher levels of ATPase, 5'-nucleotidase, ADPase, phosphodiesterase and DNase activities were observed in snake venoms belonging to Bothrops, Crotalus and Lachesis genera than to Micrurus genus. The venom of Bothrops brazili snake showed the highest nucleotidase and DNase activities, whereas that of Micrurus frontalis snake the highest alkaline phosphatase activity. On the other hand, the venoms of the snake Philodryas olfersii and the spider Loxosceles gaucho were devoid of most nucleotidase and DNase activities. Species that exhibited similar nucleotidase activities by colorimetric assays showed different banding pattern by zymography, suggesting the occurrence of structural differences among them. Hydrolysis of nucleotides showed that 1 mol of ATP is cleaved in 1 mol of pyrophosphate and 1 mol of orthophosphate, whereas 1 mol of ADP is cleaved exclusively in 2 mol of orthophosphates. Pyrophosphate is barely hydrolyzed by snake venoms. Phosphodiesterase activity was better correlated with 5'-nucleotidase, ADPase and ATPase activities than with DNase activity, evidencing that phosphodiesterases are not the main agent of DNA hydrolysis in animal venoms. The omnipresence of nucleotidase and DNase activities in viperid venoms implies a role for them within the repertoire of enzymes involved in immobilization and death of preys.  相似文献   

20.
Plant natural products active against snake bite--the molecular approach   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The article surveys the substances identified in plants reputed to neutralize the effects of snake venoms. Protective activity of many of them against the lethal action of the venom of the jararaca (Bothrops jararaca) snake was confirmed by biological assays. It was shown that all belong to chemical classes capable of interacting with macromolecular targets--receptors and enzymes. In a few cases it has been shown that exogenous natural micromolecules can mimic the biological activity of endogenous macromolecules. From the evidence presented, it can be inferred that micromolecules which neutralize the action of snake venoms mechanistically replace endogenous antitoxic serum proteins with venom neutralizing capacity such as produced by some animals.  相似文献   

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