海洋环肽研究进展

近几年从海洋生物中分离到的环肽都具有强烈的生理活性,而引起了人们的广泛注意,日本、美国,德国及我国的一些课题组都在从事这方面的研究工作,而且取得了显著的成果。分离到了近二十个环肽,其中大多数都确定了结构,并进行了全合成研究。     

海洋生物活性物质研究概况及发展的构思

从八十年代开始,本中心药理研究室与本校化学系天然有机研究室通力合作,开展对海洋生物的化学及生理活性研究,系统研究我国南海海域中几十种珊瑚及其他海洋生物,获得新化合物数以百计。已发现有显著生理活性的化合物有三丙酮胺、喹啉酮系列物、柳珊瑚酸及衍生物、内酯三萜系列物、短肽及环肽类、甾醇类、神经酰胺等,主要表现在抗心、脑血管系统疾病、抗肿瘤、机能调节等多方面作用。     

海洋天然产物的研究与开发

人们已从海藻、腔肠动物、海绵、海鞘、苔藓虫、软体动物、鱼类等海洋生物中分离到大量化学结构独特、生理活性强烈的物质。这些物质的化学结构可分为:聚醚类、大环内酯、萜类、生物碱、环肽、甾醇、多糖和不饱和脂肪酸等。其中,许多具有抗菌、抗真菌、抗肿瘤、抗病毒和心脑血管活性等作用,有的已进入临床试验阶段,可望发展成新药。     

海洋半知类真菌次级代谢物研究概况

海洋真菌的次级代谢物的研究在20世纪90年代以来取得了很大进展,其中主要在海洋子囊菌和半知菌的菌体和发酵液中发现了很多结构新颖、具有独特生理活性的化合物,这些研究结果表明海洋真菌中蕴含了丰富的新型化合物,将是未来新药研究的重点领域.综述了近年来海洋子囊类真菌活性次级代谢物的研究情况.     

海洋生理活性物质的研究及发展趋势

本文概述海洋生理活性物质特有的特异结构和药理作用,对研究治疗心脑血管疾病、癌症和艾滋病等方面的意义及发展前景。阐述我国近年来从海洋生物活性物质中发现如三丙酮胺、喹啉酮、柳珊瑚酸及其衍生物等观种显著生理活性新化合物及１６种海洋生理活性物质;８种已投入市场的海洋药物及保健品。提出对海洋生理活性物质研制成新药的可行途径及应采取的决策和有效措施;提出应用如基因工程、细胞工程、发酵工程和酶学工程等生物技术来研制、生产出纯度高、质量高、成本低的海洋药物资源物质。海洋生物技术领域的迅速发展,对海洋生物活性物质的研究及开发海洋药物具有广阔的应用前景。     

海洋生理活性物质的研究及发展趋势

本文概括海洋生理活性物质特有的特异结构和药理作用,对研究治疗心脑血管疾病、癌症和艾滋病等方面的意义及发展前景。阐述我国近年来从海洋生物活性物质中发现如三丙酮胺、喹啉酮、柳珊瑚酸及其衍生物等２８种显著生理活性新化合物及１６种海洋生理活性物质;８种已投入市场的海洋药物及保健品。提出对海洋生理活性物质研制成新药的可行途径及应采取的决策和有效措施;提出应用如基因工程、细胞工程、发酵工程和酶学工程等生物技术     

云芝的化学成分及药理活性研究概况

通过文献检索对云芝的化学成分及药理活性方面进行了综述。研究发现云芝含甾体类、三萜类、有机酸类、生物碱类、葡糖醇类、蛋白质类、糖类、糖肽类等29个化合物,还含胞外黏性物质（ECMM）、胃蛋白酶抑制剂、真菌激发子、铁黏合螯合剂、环肽、18种人体所需的氨基酸和维生素B1、B2、B6及铜、铁、钾、锌等10多种人体所需的活性微量...     

海洋微生物来源的甾体化合物及其生物活性研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境,使其具有独特的代谢途径和机体防御机制,从而能产生许多结构特殊、活性显著的化合物,被认为是最具开发前景的新药源。目前来源于海洋微生物的活性物质主要包括生物碱类、大环内酯类、肽类、甾体类、萜类、聚酮类、糖苷类等。本文综述了近年来从海洋放线菌、海洋真菌、海洋细菌以及海洋微藻中分离得到的具有生物活性的甾体化合物。     

抗菌环肽的研究进展

鉴于禽类细菌性疾病对养禽业健康发展的不利影响,人们急需开发改善细菌耐药性的新型敏感性抗菌药物,使其达到治疗细菌性疾病的目的。环肽较线性肽因具有更多的生物活性和医药价值而成为抗菌药物的候选者。主要从天然抗菌环肽的发现、抗菌环肽的合成、环肽类抗菌药物的应用现状三个方面进行综述,期望有利于读者进一步了解抗菌环肽的研究概况,为开发新型抗菌环肽药物提供帮助。     

大连海域海洋放线菌多样性及分类鉴定初探

海洋孕育着丰富的微生物资源,其中海洋放线菌能够产生各种次级代谢产物及生理活性物质,对海洋放线菌的研究具有重要的实际意义。实验对筛选自大连海域的30株放线菌进行了形态及生理生化鉴定、16S rDNA序列的分析及系统发育树构建,结果表明分离到的海洋放线菌中13株分属于放线菌目链霉菌不同种或亚种,说明大连海域的海洋放线菌具有一定的多样性。     

Waste biotech

US market for environmental biotech products for waste treatment worth $261.3 M by 2013 Marine pharmacognosy Recent patents related to biowaste and bioactive compounds Project profile: Concentration and separation of bioactives in food science Microbial-based motor fuels Dairy fermentation, cell factories and bioactive peptides Earliest genetic material: Waste from the stars? Marine bacteria use carbon dioxide     

First Report of Screening of Novel Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Derived from the Red Alga Acrochaetium sp.

Marine Biotechnology - ACE inhibitors generated from food proteins have recently become the most well-known subclass of bioactive peptides, and their bio-functionality can be a potential...     

Peptide Modulators of ASIC Channels of the Sea Anemone Urticina aff. coriacea (Cuvier, 1798) from the Sea of Okhotsk

Russian Journal of Marine Biology - A search for biologically active peptides has been performed in an aqueous extract of the sea anemone Urticina aff. coriacea (Cuvier, 1798) (Actiniidae) from the...     

Biological activities and potential health benefits of bioactive peptides derived from marine organisms

Marine organisms have been recognized as rich sources of bioactive compounds with valuable nutraceutical and pharmaceutical potentials. Recently, marine bioactive peptides have gained much attention because of their numerous health beneficial effects. Notably, these peptides exhibit various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, anti-proliferative, anticoagulant, calcium-binding, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities. This review mainly presents biological activities of peptides from marine organisms and emphasizing their potential applications in foods as well as pharmaceutical areas.     

酶法制备海洋活性肽及其功能活性研究进展

海洋生物活性肽(Marine biological active peptide)是从海洋生物中提取的具有优化机体代谢环境、有益于机体健康的一类多肽。酶法制备海洋生物活性肽是目前最常用的制备方法,是通过适当的蛋白酶水解海洋生物蛋白来制备生物活性肽的一种方法。海洋生物活性肽在降血压、抗氧化、抗凝血及抗菌等方面效果显著,对治疗和预防疾病具有巨大潜力。介绍海洋生物活性肽在酶解制备及其生物学功能方面国内外研究进展,为进一步开展海洋活性多肽研究提供参考。     

Bioactive peptides from marine sources: pharmacological properties and isolation procedures

Marine organisms represent a valuable source of new compounds. The biodiversity of the marine environment and the associated chemical diversity constitute a practically unlimited resource of new active substances in the field of the development of bioactive products. In this paper, the molecular diversity of different marine peptides is described as well as information about their biological properties and mechanisms of action is provided. Moreover, a short review about isolation procedures of selected bioactive marine peptides is offered. Novel peptides from sponges, ascidians, mollusks, sea anemones and seaweeds are presented in association with their pharmacological properties and obtainment methods.     

Conus peptides--a rich pharmaceutical treasure

Marine predatory cone snails (genus Conus) with over 500 species represent what is arguably the largest single genus of marine animals alive today. All Conus are venomous and utilize a complex mixture of Conus peptides to capture their preys and for other biological purposes. Each component of Conus peptides selectively     

Bioactive peptides from marine organisms: a short overview

Marine organisms are an immense source of new biologically active compounds. These compounds are unique because the aqueous environment requires a high demand of specific and potent bioactive molecules. Diverse peptides with a wide range of biological activities have been discovered, including antimicrobial, antitumoral, and antiviral activities and toxins amongst others. These proteins have been isolated from different phyla such as Porifera, Cnidaria, Nemertina, Crustacea, Mollusca, Echinodermata and Craniata. Purification techniques used to isolate these peptides include classical chromatographic methods such as gel filtration, ionic exchange and reverse-phase HPLC. Multiple in vivo and in vitro bioassays are coupled to the purification process to search for the biological activity of interest. The growing interest to study marine natural products results from the discovery of novel pharmacological tools including potent anticancer drugs now in clinical trials. This review presents examples of interesting peptides obtained from different marine organisms that have medical relevance. It also presents some of the common methods used to isolate and characterize them.     

Bioactive Peptides from Marine Ascidians and Future Drug Development–A Review

Marine ascidians are considered as one of the richest sources of bioactive compounds. The extraction and utilization of marine peptides have been attracted much attention owing to their potential health benefits. Most of the bioactive compounds from marine ascidians are already in different phases of the clinical and preclinical pipeline. They can be used in different functional and nutraceutical values due to their antineoplastic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. The screening in vivo and in vitro bioassays are coupled to the purification process for the exploration of its biological interest which is of great value. The growing significance to study marine natural products results from the discovery of novel pharmacological tools including potent anticancer drugs and other drugs are in clinical/pre-clinical trials. The present review highlights the recent research progress in marine ascidians’ peptides and its prospects for the future pharmaceutical development.     

Halovirs A-E,new antiviral agents from a marine-derived fungus of the genus Scytalidium

Marine micro-organisms represent an under explored resource for the discovery of novel antiviral agents. Here, we describe a series of peptides designated halovirs A-E (1-5) that are produced during the saline fermentation of a marine-derived fungus of the genus Scytalidium. These lipophilic, linear peptides are potent in vitro inhibitors of the herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2. Evidence is presented that the halovirs directly inactivate herpes viruses, a mechanism of action that could be applicable in the prevention of HSV transmission. The total structures of these new compounds were established by a combination of spectral and chemical techniques. Salient structural features of the halovir hexapeptides include a nitrogen terminus acylated by myristic (C14) or lauric (C12) acid, an unusual Aib-Hyp dipeptide segment, and a carboxyl terminus reduced to a primary alcohol. A qualitative analysis of the secondary structures of these molecules using variable temperature NMR experiments and NOE analyses is also reported.