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Heavy metal tolerant Silene vulgaris plants, originating from different metalliferous sites in Germany and one in Ireland, were crossed to each other and to nontolerant plants from a nonmetalliferous site in The Netherlands. Analysis of the crosses suggested that there were two distinct major gene loci for zinc tolerance among a total of five tolerant populations. The tolerance loci for zinc, copper, and cadmium in the Irish plants were shown to be identical with those in the German populations. It is argued that the occurrence of common major genes for tolerance among different geographically isolated populations must have resulted from independent parallel evolution in local nontolerant ancestral populations. Each of the tolerances studied seems to be controlled by only a few specific major genes.  相似文献   

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在乌拉坦麻醉的大鼠上,间隔5min3次静注烟碱175ug/kg,首剂烟碱后,动物对其负性心认综合利用科生急性耐受,但对其降压作用不产生急性耐受。相同条件下,间隔5min3次静注氢甲酰胆碱10ug/kg,动物对其负性心率和降压作用均不产生急性耐受。在对烟碱负性心率作用产生急性耐受的大鼠上,静注氨甲酰胆碱5和10ug/kg,负性心率作用显著增强,但降压作用无显著变化。提示烟碱诱导动物对其负性心率作用产  相似文献   

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Ethanol and acetic acid tolerances were compared in a French, highly tolerant population, and in a Congolese, very sensitive population. For both tolerances, chromosome substitutions demonstrated a major effect on chromosome 3, a lesser effect on chromosome 2, and no effect on chromosome 1, except in interactions. Directional selection experiments led to significant increases of tolerance to both toxics. Of greater interest, a strong correlated response was observed in each line: increased ethanol tolerance was accompanied by higher acetic acid tolerance and vice versa. A high genetic correlation (average value r = 0.77) was found between the two traits. These data suggest that alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity does not play a major role in explaining the physiological differences known between Afrotropical and European populations. The metabolic flux permitting the detoxification of ethanol and acetic acid seems to be mainly controlled by acetyl-coA synthetase (ACS) at least in adult flies. Acetic acid adaptation could be as important as ethanol adaptation in the ecology of Drosophila melanogaster and other Drosophila species.  相似文献   

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大肠杆菌海藻糖合成酶基因对提高烟草抗逆性能的研究   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
编码大肠杆菌海藻糖合成酶的otsA基因由农杆菌介导引入野生型烟草植株并在花椰菜花叶病毒启动子序列 (CaMV35S)控制下获得表达。蒸发光散射高效液相层析法测定海藻糖实验表明 ,转基因烟草能够合成海藻糖 ,合成量达 1 4μg g叶片湿重 ;转基因烟草表现为耐盐性生长、干燥失重缓慢等抗逆表型。说明海藻糖合成酶otsA基因的引入 ,改变了烟草的糖代谢途径 ,同时也提高了植物的耐盐碱、耐干旱特性。  相似文献   

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海马齿对无机汞的耐性和吸附积累   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6       下载免费PDF全文
 该文报道了海马齿(Sesuvium portulacastrum)对重金属汞的耐性和吸附特性。 在10 μmol·L–1汞胁迫时, 海马齿中脯氨酸含量明显低于对照; 丙二醛(MDA)含量、根的电解质外渗率(Electrolyte leakage rate, ELR)无明显变化; 叶绿素含量增加; 植物生长良好, 形态、生长速率、鲜重和根的长度与对照无区别, 且有新的须根形成。结果表明: 低浓度汞对海马齿的生长发育起着促进作用。海马齿能大量吸附积累汞离子, 主要积累在根组织中。当培养液中汞浓度为50 μmol·L–1时, 海马齿根中汞含量最高可达到33.9 μg·g–1 DW, 是相同处理下地上部分的70倍。培养液中汞浓度为10 μmol·L–1时, 植物并未受到伤害, 且能快速生长, 此时根部的汞含量可达到12.02 μg·g–1 DW。由此可见, 海马齿植物表现为很强的耐汞和吸收汞特性。  相似文献   

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晋南和银川地区盐水和超盐水体的浮游动物   总被引:17,自引:1,他引:16  
1981—1984年在晋南和银川地区7个采样区,盐度0.5—286‰间采集222个水样,共见到浮游动物57种,其中轮虫32种,鳃足类14种,桡足类11种。根据出现率和平均密度,下列23种是区系的主要种或较主要种:褶皱臂尾轮虫、角突臂尾轮虫、壶状臂尾轮虫、萼花臂尾轮虫、方尖削叶轮虫、月形腔轮虫、针簇多肢轮虫、爱德里亚狭甲轮虫、环顶巨腕轮虫、蒙古裸腹溞、直额裸腹溞、大型溞、一种象鼻溞、矩形尖额溞、盐水卤虫、亚洲后镖水溞、直刺北镖水溞、近邻剑水溞、短角异剑水溞、广布中剑水溞、等刺温剑水蚤和扁平小剑水溞。除了盐水卤虫外,无论盐水种和淡水种在这里出现的最高盐度均较其他作者记载的为高。文中讨论了盐水动物区系的相似性、内陆水各种浮游动物的耐盐性和盐度与群落多样性指数的关系等问题。  相似文献   

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