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孟宪利  李勇  刘保东 《植物学报》2008,25(3):298-306
利用光学显微镜详细观察了叉蕨科(Aspidiaceae)4属5种植物, 即肋毛蕨属(Ctenitis (C. Chr.)C. Chr.)的亮鳞肋毛蕨 (C. subglandulosa (Hance)Ching)和海南肋毛蕨(C. decurrenti-pinnata (Ching)Ching)、轴脉蕨属(Ctenitopsis Ching ex Tard.-Blot et C. Chr.)的轴脉蕨(C. sagenioides (Mett.)Ching)、黄腺羽蕨属(Pleocnemia Presl )的黄腺羽蕨(P. winitti Holtt.)以及叉蕨属(Tectaria Cav.)的剑叶叉蕨(T. leptophylla (C. H. Wright)Ching)的配子体发育过程, 记录了配子体各发育阶段的模式特征, 认为这5种植物的孢子、丝状体、片状体、生长点、翼片、细胞、毛状体和假根等具有稳定的系统学意义。检索结果与该科的经典分类结果基本相似, 并在此基础上编写了各分类群的检索表。本研究为叉蕨科系统学研究积累了详实的配子体形态学资料。  相似文献   

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叉蕨科4属5种植物配子体的发育模式及其系统学意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用光学显微镜详细观察了叉蕨科(Aspidiaceae)4属5种植物,即肋毛蕨属(Ctenitis(C.Chr.)C.Chr.)的亮鳞肋毛蕨(C.subglandulosa(Hance)Ching)和海南肋毛蕨(C.decurrenti-pmnata(Ching)Ching)、轴脉蕨属(Ctenitopsis Ching ex Tard-Blot et C.Chr.)的轴脉蕨(C.sagenioides(Mett.)Ching)、黄腺羽蕨属(Pleocnemia Presl)的黄腺羽蕨(P.winitti Holtt.)以及叉蕨属(Tectaria Cav.)的剑叶叉蕨(T.leptophylla(C.H.Wright)Ching)的配子体发育过程,记录了配子体各发育阶段的模式特征,认为这5种植物的孢子、丝状体、片状体、生长点、翼片、细胞、毛状体和假根等具有稳定的系统学意义。检索结果与该科的经典分类结果基本相似,并在此基础上编写了各分类群的检索表。本研究为叉蕨科系统学研究积累了详实的配子体形态学资料。  相似文献   

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叉蕨属是蕨类植物的大属之一,全世界约150种,分布于世界热带及亚热带地区。据记载,中国 有27种、2变种,分布在长江以南,仅有2种北达长江以北四川境内,而大部分种类集中分布在云南。近 来,笔者主要对保存在中国科学院昆明植物研究所标本室的标本进行了清理,也参考了中国科学院植物 研究所标本馆的标本,这些标本不少是近年来所采集,其中,发现1新种并有1种和1变种为中国新记 录,1种为云南新记录,1种为贵州新记录,有4个种名是新异名,即Tectaria cosimilis Ching et C.H.Wang, T.decurrenti-calata Ching et C.H.Wang,T.fengii Ching et C. H.Wang,T.Simaoensis Ching et C.H.Wang。至此,所知云南产叉蕨属有22种、2变种。  相似文献   

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中国实蕨属的分类修订   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
对实蕨属Bolbitis的17种植物的孢子进行了扫描电镜观察。根据孢子周壁特征,中国产实蕨属的孢子明显可分为3种类型:A型孢子具网状周壁,B型孢子具鸡冠状-波状周壁,C型孢子具平滑的波状周壁。孢子周壁特征、叶脉式样和叶片顶部的形态是实蕨属中最有价值的分类学性状。根据标本检查,结合野外调查和孢子形态观察,对中国产实蕨属的分类进行了修订,确定中国有实蕨属植物20种和3杂交种,其中包括2个新组合B. fengiana (Ching) S. Y. Dong和B. medogensis (Ching &; S. K. Wu) S. Y. Dong,以及2个中国新分布B. costata Ching ex C. Chr.和B. hookeriana K. Iwats.。将B. latipinna Ching、B. media Ching &; Chu H. Wang、B. yunnanensis Ching、Egenolfia crassifolia Ching、E. crenata Ching &; P. S. Chiu、E. fengiana Ching、E. medogensis Ching &; S. K. Wu和E. ×yunnanensis Ching &; P. S. Chiu等8个名称处理为新异名。文中给出了分种检索表、每个种的生境和分布资料、大多数种的特征集要和孢子扫描电镜照片。  相似文献   

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利用光学显微镜详细观察了叉蕨属(Tectaria)下延叉蕨(Tectaria decurrens)和芽胞叉蕨(T.fauriei)的配子体发育过程,记录了配子体各发育阶段的特征。结果表明:(1)下延叉蕨和芽胞叉蕨的孢子均为单裂缝,具周壁,由周壁形成纹饰,孢子极面观椭圆形,赤道面观豆形或肾形。(2)孢子萌发方式为向心型。(3)原叶体发育方式为三叉蕨型。(4)成熟原叶体心脏形,两翼向斜上方扩展。(5)均具单细胞和多细胞毛状体,在丝状体或片状体阶段出现。研究认为,从配子体发育角度看,叉蕨属是较进化的陆生真蕨类;毛状体的类型、位置和出现时间等特征在叉蕨属种间存在差异,可作为该属种间分类的特征。  相似文献   

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澄清海南有鳞始蕨属Lindsaea Dryand.植物11种和1变种,其中碎叶鳞始蕨L. chingii C. Chr.为海南分布新记录。讨论了团叶鳞始蕨L. orbiculata (Lam.) Mett. ex Kuhn和钱氏鳞始蕨L. chienii Ching的形态变异。4个学名, 即L. annamensis K. U. Kramer、海南鳞始蕨L. hainanensis Ching、封开鳞始蕨L. fengkaiensis B. S. Wang &; S. H. Shi和海岛鳞始蕨L. orbiculata var. commixta (Tagawa) K. U. Kramer处理为异名。列出了分种检索表, 在每一分类群下列有文献引证、标本引证、生境及分布资料。  相似文献   

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凤尾蕨属植物具有较高的观赏价值和药用价值。弄清其在我国的分布状况,有利于资源的开发利用。本文报道了台湾凤尾蕨Pteris taiwanensis Ching ex Ching et S. H. Wu为中国大陆分布新记录,另外11种凤尾蕨属植物为省新记录,分别是海南凤尾蕨、指叶凤尾蕨、多羽凤尾蕨、大明凤尾蕨、细弱凤尾蕨、线羽凤尾蕨、栗柄凤尾蕨、单叶凤尾蕨、细羽凤尾蕨、三叉凤尾蕨和鸡冠凤尾蕨。并证实凤仪凤尾蕨Pteris dalhousiae Hook.没有分布至中国。  相似文献   

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本文订正滇产凤尾蕨属植物2种和1变种。Pteris subsimplex Ching ex Ching et S.H.Wu、Pteris hekouensis Ching ex Ching et S.H.Wu和Pteris monghaiensis Ching ex Ching et S.H.Wu被作为新异名处理。  相似文献   

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本文报道了19种中国产蕨类植物的染色体数目,其中8个种是首次记录,它们是浙江天目山产的江南短肠蕨Allantodia metteniana(Miq.) Ching n=41,边缘鳞盖蕨Microlepia marginata(Houtt.)C. Chr. n=86,金星蕨Parathelypteris glanduligera (Kze.)Ching n=54,杭州产的疏羽凸轴蕨Metathelypteris laxa(Franch. et Sav.)Ching n=36,细毛碗蕨Dennstaedtia pilosella(Hook.)Ching n=30,半岛鳞毛蕨Dryopteris peninsularKitagawa n=82,中华短肠蕨Allantodia chinensis(Bak.)Ching n=41和上海市淮海中学从天目山引种的银粉背蕨Aleuritopteris argentea(Gmel.)Fée n=58。  相似文献   

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华中铁角蕨复合体的生物系统学研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
变异铁角蕨系(Series Variantia Ching et S.H.Wn)主产我国,形态变异大。在标本室中,铁角蕨属(AspleniumL.)的鉴定非常紊乱,同一个种名下往往存在着不同的细胞型或杂种。本文通过对该复合体的生物系统学研究,揭示它们在网状进化中亲缘关系的来龙去脉,并对它们的分类学位置提出讨论和处理建议。细胞学、等位酶、形态学和孢粉学证据表明:由3个基本的二倍体祖先种形成了共13个成员组成的华中铁角蕨复合体(Asplenium sarelii com-plex)。华中铁角蕨(Asplenium sarelii Hook.)应当被标定为二倍体,以往文献中所谓的四倍体“华中铁角蕨”实际上是来自二倍体华中铁角蕨和细茎铁角蕨(A.tenuicaule Hayala)杂交后加倍得来的异源四倍体产物,它被另外处理为新种武当铁角蕨(A.wudangense Z.R.Wang et X.Hou)。北京铁角蕨(A.pekinense Hance)是二倍体华中铁角蕨加倍后得来的同源四倍体。泸山铁角蕨(A.lushanense C.Chr.)是云南铁角蕨群中的惟一二倍体祖先种,不应处理为四倍体云南铁角蕨(A.yunnanense Franch)的异名。变异铁角蕨(A.varians Wall .ex Hook.et Grev.)很可能是细茎铁角蕨的同源四倍体。3个天然四倍体新杂种及其起源被发现,它们是:龙门铁角蕨(A.×longmenense(=A.pekinense×vanians)),京云铁角蕨(A.× jin  相似文献   

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Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.  相似文献   

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Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.  相似文献   

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Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.  相似文献   

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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases  相似文献   

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