吲哚丁酸对桉树插条多酚氧化酶的影响及其与生根的关系

尾叶桉MLA无性系(简称MLA)为难生根植物,尾叶桉U6无性系(简称U6)和刚果12号桉W5无性系(简称W5)为易生根植物。MLA插条内的PPO活性比U6、W5的低。用吲哚丁酸(IBA)处理桉树的插条后,在扦插生根的不同阶段,插条内的PPO活性呈现规律性的变化。蛋白质含量呈上升趋势。PPO同工酶谱带也随生根的进程出现增多现象。讨论了多酚氧化酶与桉树插条生根的关系。     

萘乙酸处理桉树插条后过氧化物酶活性及其同工酶变化与插条生根的关系研究

尾叶桉MLA无性系(简称MLA)为难生根植物,尾叶桉U₆无性系(简称U₆)和刚果12号桉W₅无性系(简称W₅)为相对易生根植物。MLA的插条内的过氧化物酶(POD)活性较U₆、W₅的高。用萘乙酸(NAA)处理桉树的插条后,在扦插生根的不同阶段,插条内的POD活性呈现规律性的变化。POD同工酶谱带也随生根的进程出现增多现象。本文讨论了过氧化物酶与桉树插条生根的关系。     

NAA处理桉树插条后IAAO活性与生根的关系

尾叶桉MLA无性系(简称MLA)为难生根植物,尾叶桉U₆无性系(简称U₆)和刚果12号桉W₅无性系(简称W₅)为相对易生根植物。MLA插条内的吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)活性较U₆、W₅的高。用萘乙酸(NAA)处理桉树插条后,在扦插生根的不同阶段,插条内IAAO活性呈现规律性变化;可溶性蛋白质含量呈上升趋势。本文讨论了IAAO与桉树插条生根的关系。     

IBA对野生蔬菜少花龙葵插条生根的影响

在室内水培条件下, 研究了吲哚丁酸(IBA)、插条类型及插条留叶方式对野生蔬菜少花龙葵(Solanum photeinocarpum)插条生根的影响。结果表明, 5～35 mg L-1 IBA处理的少花龙葵半叶嫩枝插条生根率均为100%, 以20 mg L-1 IBA处理的平均生根数最多。促进少花龙葵半叶硬枝插条生根的IBA浓度为15～35 mg L-1,其中以25 mg L-1 IBA的效果最好。少花龙葵嫩枝和硬枝插条分别在20与25 mg L-1 IBA处理下,均以半叶插条的生根效果最好、缺叶插条的生根效果最差,全叶插条的生根效果居中。     

“艾西丝”南瓜诱导生根过程中过氧化物酶活性及同工酶的研究

以“艾西丝”南瓜组培苗为材料,研究其在诱导不定根形成过程中过氧化物酶活性及同工酶谱的变化。结果表明,当南瓜无根苗从含有较高浓度的ＢＡ培养基转入１／２ＭＳ培养基后,可诱导无根苗茎基部不定根生成,一般在转入生根培养基第３ｄ开始生根,至第６ｄ生根率达７０％以上。在此期间,南瓜茎内过氧化物酶活性由低增高,即在不定根形成之前,过氧化物酶活性处在较低水平,而当不定根形成时,过氧化物酶活性迅速升高,以后一直维持     

吲哚美辛对去除下胚轴和根后的绿豆茎段生根的影响

吲哚美辛和甘油均显著促进绿豆去除下胚轴和根后的茎段生根 ,根数和根干重增加 ;二者有促进生根的相加效应 ,吲哚美辛和甘油的最佳配比 (mol·L-1)为 5 .0× 10 -4∶0 .5。     

对“探索生长素类似物促进插条生根的最适浓度”实验改进的研究

在"探索生长素类似物促进插条生根的最适浓度"的探究实验教学中,禀承有效性、直观性、真实性、可操作性和有利于课堂教学目标顺利达成的原则,用大蒜作为材料对此实验进行了有效改进,并对探究过程进行了初步研究,取得了较好效果。     

棉纤维初始发育过程中过氧化物酶和吲哚乙酸氧化酶的活性

选用互为近等基因系的陆地棉品种徐州１４２和无絮棉突变体,比较研究开花前５ｄ至开花后６ｄ胚珠内可溶性蛋白质含量,ＰＯＤ和ＩＡＡ氧化酶活性的变化,结果表明,开花前３ｄ至１ｄ蛋白质大量合成可能与纤维发育相关基因的表达有联系,而ＰＯＤ和ＩＡＡ氧化酶阻碍纤维的初始发育。     

光叶楮扦插生根的吲哚乙酸氧化酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶活性变化研究

对光叶楮扦插生根过程中吲哚乙酸氧化酶（IAAO）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）、过氧化物酶（POD）3种酶进行了动态跟踪分析。结果表明：IAAO活性在扦插初期逐渐上升,第10d上升到高峰,之后下降再上升,第30d达到新高峰,然后迅速下降;前25d POD活性变化规律与IAAO相似,但30d以后活性一直上升;PPO活性在扦插前期缓慢上升,第20d上升到了最高点,此后变化不大。还研究了IAAO、PPO、POD与不定根的发生和发展关系,认为光叶楮扦插生根可分为愈伤组织形成期、根诱导期和根的伸长期3个阶段,愈伤组织形成期3种酶活性都呈上升趋势,根诱导期IAAO和POD的活性达到高峰;而根伸长期IAAO和POD活性下降,PPO活性上升。     

Influence of 2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic Acid and 1-N-Naphthylphthalamic Acid on Indoleacetic Acid Transport in Carnation Cuttings: Relationship with Rooting

³H-IAA transport in excised sections of carnation cuttings was studied by using two receiver systems for recovery of transported radioactivity: agar blocks (A) and wells containing a buffer solution (B). When receivers were periodically renewed, transport continued for up to 8 h and ceased before 24 h. If receivers were not renewed, IAA transport decreased drastically due to immobilization in the base of the sections. TIBA was as effective as NPA in inhibiting the basipetal transport irrespective of the application site (the basal or the apical side of sections). The polarity of IAA transport was determined by measuring the polar ratio (basipetal/acropetal) and the inhibition caused by TIBA or NPA. The polar ratio varied with receiver, whereas the inhibition by TIBA or NPA was similar. Distribution of immobilized radioactivity along the sections after a transport period of 24 h showed that the application of TIBA to the apical side or NPA to the basal side of sections, increased the radioactivity in zones further from the application site, which agrees with a basipetal and acropetal movement of TIBA and NPA, respectively. The existence of a slow acropetal movement of the inhibitor was confirmed by using ³H-NPA. From the results obtained, a methodological approach is proposed to measure the variations in polar auxin transport. This method was used to investigate whether the variations in rooting observed during the cold storage of cuttings might be related to changes in polar auxin transport. As the storage period increased, a decrease in intensity and polarity of auxin transport occurred, which was accompanied by a delay in the formation and growth of adventitious roots, confirming the involvement of polar auxin transport in supplying the auxin for rooting. Received April 19, 1999; accepted December 2, 1999     

Vegetative propagation of adult Eucalyptus grandis X urophylla and comparison of growth between micropropagated plantlets and rooted cuttings

Methods for the production of micropropagated plantlets and rooted cuttings were developed and used to vegetatively multiply adult Eucalyptus grandis X urophylla. Rooting success was less than 5% when cuttings excised from twigs of 3-year-old trees were used. The rooted cuttings were grown in the greenhouse as explant- or cutting-donors and maintained at a height of 30 to 100 cm by trimming back periodically. Good rooting success (95%) of cuttings was obtained for epicormic shoots produced from donor plants after trimming 5 times. Explants of both apical and axillary buds taken from the donor plants produced multiple shoots when cultured in vitro. In vitro multiple shoot production was optimal on MS medium containing 0.1 mg/l BA and 0.01 mg/l NAA averaging 13.7 shoots per explant in a 40-day culture period. Shoot elongation was accelerated on a modified MS medium containing half strength potassium nitrate and sucrose. Elongated shoots excised at approximately 1.5 cm in length were successfully rooted on media with NAA or IBA concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 mg/l. Root formation was optimal on medium consisting of full strength MS basal macro elements and vitamins, half strength micro elements, 1% sucrose and supplemented with 0.3 mg/l IBA. In the field test, no significant differences were found in tree height and DBH between micropropagated plantlets and rooted cuttings at 1 and 3 years old, with the exception at 2 years old. A considerable difference arose between the 2 types of vegetative propagules in physiological response to flowering, caused by dissimilar degrees of rejuvenation.Abbreviations BA Benzyl-Aminopurine - NAA Naphthalene Acetic Acid - IBA Indole-3-Butyric Acid - MS medium Murashige and Skoog's medium - DBH Diameter at Breast Height     

S3307与生根粉混合施用对云南甜竹插条中水分含量、光合产物分配和生根的影响

S3307与ABT混合后处理的云南甜竹插条的水分上运加速,叶绿素降解延缓,光合速率提高,14C-光合产物向插条基部的转运增加,插条的生根率高于S3307或ABT单独处理的。     

甘露醇对小麦细胞IAA氧化酶过氧化物酶及GST活性的影响

研究了16g/L甘露醇处理对小麦细胞再分化,细胞IAA氧化酶,IAA过氧化酶,谷胱甘肽转移酶和过氧化物酶活性的影响,结果表明,甘露醇处理使小麦细胞再生能力明显降低,引起细胞蛋白质含量,IAA过氧化物酶和GSP活性明显降低,但使细胞IAA氧化格格不入产POD活性明显增高。     

Seasonal Changes in Auxin Effects on Rooting of Stem Cuttings of Populus nigra and its Relationship with Mobilization of Starch

Stem cuttings of Populus nigra were treated with 10 and 100 mg/1 each of IAA., IBA, 2,4-D and NAA at one month intervals and observations were recorded for the morphophysiological status of the branches, their starch content and their rooting response. — The first phase characterized by delayed, short and scarce roots and the high starch content of cuttings coincided with the onset of winter dormancy in November lasting through February. It was followed by a phase of vigorous rooting and low starch content of cuttings coinciding with the renovation of growth activity in February lasting through October, except in April and May when rooting was more or less completely nullified. — The poor rooting in winter was caused by low activity of hydrolyzing enzymes not mobilizing starch into soluble sugars; and profuse rooting during active growth period by high activity of hydrolyzing enzymes caused by endogenous auxin, resulting in mobilization of reserved food materials necessary for the initiation and development of roots. The low rooting in April and May is ascribed to the fact that bulk of the mobilized food was used up in the growth of sprouted branches leaving very little for rooting when these cuttings were planted. — The seasonal changes in the effectiveness of exogenously applied auxins also appear to be related with the level of endogenous auxin. In June endogenous auxin was high due to high meristematic activity, the exogenously applied auxins raising it to supra-optimal levels that were inhibitory. On the other hand, in October exogenously applied auxins enhanced rooting by raising it to an optimal level as the production of endogenous auxin had been decreasing gradually due to lowering temperatures. — The results demonstrate that auxin effect on differential rooting with season in this plant is determined by the physio-morphological status of the branches that govern the production of endogenous auxin and is mediated primarily through its effect on mobilization of reserve food materials caused by enhanced activity of hydrolytic enzymes.     

酸性品红与牛血清白蛋白变色反应机理的研究

利用光谱探针技术研究酸性品红(fuchsine ac id,FA)与牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum album in,BSA)的变色反应机理,考察了不同实验条件对FA-BSA复合物吸收光谱的影响。实验结果表明,FA与BSA分子相互作用产生变色反应的机理主要是由FA与BSA间的疏水相互作用引起,而静电作用则是形成FA-BSA桃红色复合物的必要条件。     

双歧杆菌脂磷壁酸生物学活性研究进展

本文综述了双歧杆菌脂磷壁酸(lipoteichoic acid,LTA)的免疫激活、抗肿瘤、抗突变、抗衰老及粘附等重要生物学功能。     

The influence of drought on the relationship between leaf and conducting sapwood area in Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens

 Development of the relationship between leaf area (A _l ) and sapwood area (A _s ) was investigated in two important hardwoods, Eucalyptus globulus (Labill) and E. nitens (Deane and Maiden) Maiden, growing in an experimental plantation established in a low rainfall zone (approx. 515 mm year^–1) of Tasmania. The experiment compared irrigated controls and a rainfed treatment which was subjected to cyclical summer droughts from age 1 to 6 years old. Leaf area and sapwood area were determined by destructive sampling at ages 2, 3 and 6 years old. There was no effect of stand age on A _l :A _s when sapwood area was measured at crown break. At age 3 years old A _l :A _s was significantly greater in the rainfed than the irrigated trees. It was concluded that this difference was due to earlier canopy closure in the irrigated trees. When the plantation was 6 years old A _l :A _s was significantly greater in the irrigated than the rainfed treatment. An analysis based on an equation which links A _l :A _s with transpiration and volumetric flow rate (Whitehead et al. 1984) was used to infer a positive correlation between stem hydraulic conductivity (k _h ) and water availability. Independent of water availability E. globulus maintained a higher A _l :A _s than E. nitens at all ages. Received: 20 March 1997 / Accepted: 30 December 1997     

脱氧核糖核酸对机体内超氧化物岐化酶和过氧化物酶活性影响初步研究

超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）是机体内重要的抗氧化酶系之一,其作用在于消除体内的自由基,防止自由基对细胞结构的损伤。它们的活性随增龄而下降,因此自由基不断损伤细胞结构,累积最终导致细胞衰亡和动物机体衰老,老龄小鼠服用DNA一段时间后,其体内SOD和POD的活性均显著提高,因而其衰老速度可能得到一定程度的延缓。     

2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血尿酸水平的相关性研究

目的：探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血尿酸水平的相关性。方法：测定214例T2DM患者血清尿酸、血脂、糖化血红蛋白水平及颈动脉中层内膜厚度（IMT）,按颈动脉IMT分为4组：A组：无动脉粥样硬化组;B组：动脉粥样硬化组,C组：斑块形成组,D组：管腔狭窄组。比较各组生化指标,并分析颈动脉粥样硬化与血清尿酸水平的相关性。结果：各组性别、年龄、TC、HDL、LDL无显著差异;C组血清TG水平较A组低（P=0.02）,D组血清HbA1c水平较A组（P=0.038）及B组（P=0.015）显著降低。D组血清尿酸水平与A组相比显著升高（P=0.001）,但D组与B、C组及A组与B、C组间差异均无统计学意义;相关分析显示颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血清尿酸水平呈显著正相关（P=0.002）,相关系数为0.201。结论：高血清尿酸水平可能是导致T2DM患者颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素之一,需慎重处理T2DM患者高尿酸血症问题。