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1.
Wolbachia在我国广赤眼蜂种群内的感染   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
钟敏  沈佐锐 《昆虫学报》2004,47(6):732-737
Wolbachia是广泛分布于节肢动物生殖组织内的一类细胞内共生菌,它属于原细菌的α亚类,能够通过调控寄主的生殖活动而促进其在寄主种群中的扩散。通过对wsp 基因的克隆及PCR-RFLP分析确定了Wolbachia在我国广赤眼蜂种群内的存在,并发现有2种Wolbachia 菌系的感染,命名为wEvaA和wEvaB。经过克隆分离得到了这2种Wolbachiawsp基因序列,在GenBank的登录号为AY390279和 AY390280 ,并由基于wsp基因的聚类树中发现,这两种Wolbachia菌系均属于A组。  相似文献   

2.
刘宏岳  宋月  王哲  沈佐锐 《昆虫知识》2009,46(2):266-271
Wolbachia是一类可以引起寄主生殖行为改变的共生菌,广泛存在于节肢动物内。玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen是我国亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guene)卵寄生蜂的优势种。本文利用Wolbachia的16SrDNA基因特异性引物进行PCR扩增以及克隆测序,对我国14个地区的玉米螟赤眼蜂种群中Wolbachia的感染情况做了详细的调查。结果发现,被测的1412头野生玉米螟赤眼蜂全部感染有Wolbachia。系统发育分析表明,北京柳沟、山东菏泽、河南郑州、河南驻马店、湖南长沙5个种群存在超感染现象。这是Wolbachia在玉米螟赤眼蜂种群内分布情况的首次报道。  相似文献   

3.
米蛾体内Wolbachia的wsp基因序列测定与系统发育分析   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
Wolbachia是广泛分布于节肢动物体内的一类共生菌, 它们参与多种调控寄主的生殖活动机制。通过对wsp基因的特异性扩增和测序,发现了Wolbachia在米蛾Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton)体内的感染。利用所测序列和其他已发表的序列建立系统树,结果表明米蛾体内Wolbachia属于B大组的Pip类群,与其寄生物茧蜂及赤眼蜂中的Wolbachia各株系遗传距离相差较远。据此推测米蛾体内感染的Wolbachia不是由寄生物(茧蜂、赤眼蜂)水平传播所致。  相似文献   

4.
玉米螟赤眼蜂的生物学特性及其利用   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
玉米螟是玉米、杂粮、棉花等作物的大害虫。赤眼蜂是抑制玉米螟危害的重要因素之一。经调查发现我国寄生于玉米螟卵的赤眼蜂有8种,其中玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostrininae Paag et Chert占总数的98%以上,分布亦广,是优势种。 我省释放人工繁殖的赤眼蜂防治第一代玉米螟的效果达80%左右,相当于施用滴滴涕颗粒剂;防治第二代玉米螟因受不良气候条件的影响,防治效果不稳定。  相似文献   

5.
Wolbahcia是一类广泛分布于节肢动物体内,可以引起节肢动物生殖行为改变的细胞内共生细菌。甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua(Hübner)是我国常见的鳞翅目害虫,可危害粮、棉、菜等多种作物。已有很多研究表明Wolbachia在鳞翅目昆虫中具有广泛的分布,但是未见有关于甜菜夜蛾中感染Wolbachia的报道,为了研究我国甜菜夜蛾中Wolbachia的分布情况,采集了甜菜夜蛾的野生种群,对其进行DNA提取,通过对的Wolbachia的wsp基因进行PCR扩增及克隆测序,明确了Wolbachia在我国甜菜夜蛾野生种群内的分布情况。在检测的甜菜夜蛾成虫中,都感染了两种类型的Wolbahcia,分别命名为wExiA和wExiB(GenBank注册号分别为EU332343和EU332344)。wExiA属于A组,wExiB属于B组。本研究首次明确了在我国甜菜夜蛾的野生种群内存在着Wolbachia的超感染现象。  相似文献   

6.
苗慧  洪晓月  谢霖  薛晓峰 《昆虫学报》2004,47(6):738-743
应用Wolbachiawsp基因特异引物,通过PCR扩增法对我国朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus7个地理种群进行了检测。在采自黑龙江佳木斯、安徽安庆、江苏镇江和浙江慈溪的4个地理种群中扩增出了596bp左右的Wolbachiawsp基因片段,而在河北威县、山东滨州和湖北赤壁3个地理种群中未发现这个Wolbachia特征基因片段,表明 Wolbachia在我国朱砂叶螨中的侵染较为普遍。通过对我国朱砂叶螨体内感染的 Wolbachiawsp基因序列进行系统发育分析,得出它们全部与B大组的Ori组的Wolbachia株十分相近或完全相同,提示它们可能是相近或相同的株。  相似文献   

7.
玉米螟赤眼蜂对亚洲玉米螟益它素的嗅觉反应   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8  
在实验室条件下利用四臂嗅觉仪测定了玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen对来源于寄主亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)成虫、卵、附腺以及性信息素的益它素的嗅觉反应。结果表明: 已交配尚未产卵亚洲玉米螟雌蛾及其附腺对玉米螟赤眼蜂有明显的吸引作用,而处女蛾、产卵前期雌蛾、产卵后期雌蛾及其附腺却没有作用;当玉米螟卵块数量为2块及卵表正己烷提取物当量为0.25块卵时,对玉米螟赤眼蜂也有明显的吸引作用,尤其以产在玻璃管内卵块吸引最为显著,达到极显著水平(P<0.01);性信息素组分之一,反-12-十四碳烯乙酸酯(E12.14: Ac)在剂量为1 μg时亦显著刺激了赤眼蜂的活动,表现为进入处理区的次数明显增加,且滞留时间明显延长。  相似文献   

8.
玉米螟赤眼蜂的寄生卵块在玉米上的田间分布型   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
玉米螟赤眼蜂是松辽平原玉米带寄生亚洲玉米螟卵的优势种。通过几年来的田间释放结果,取得优异的成效。通过对它在玉米田间的分布型研究,揭示了它在玉米田间第一代螟卵发生期间的分布规律,为以疏松的寄生卵块集团形式呈聚集分布;集团内寄生卵块的分布是随机的,无论在高密度时,还是在一般密度条件下,均为聚集分布型;它不受风向的影响。这一研究结果为它的田间释放和应用技术提供重要的科学依据。  相似文献   

9.
棉田四种常用杀虫剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂不同虫态的杀伤力   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
陈永明  黄佩忠 《昆虫知识》1994,31(6):330-332
棉田四种常用杀虫剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂不同虫态的杀伤力差异显著。溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、久效磷、甲胺磷对玉米螟赤眼蜂成虫的杀伤力均很强;溴氰菊酯和甲胺磷对玉米螟赤眼蜂卵至蛹各个虫态的杀伤力较强;而氰戊菊酯对卵、久效磷对幼虫有较强的杀伤力。久效磷对玉米螟赤眼蜂成虫的残留毒杀力最强。玉米螟赤眼蜂成虫是玉米螟赤眼蜂一生中对农药最敏感的时期,其次是卵和幼虫,而预蛹和蛹耐药性较强。  相似文献   

10.
棉蚜体内感染沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia)的分子检测   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Wolbachia是存在于节肢动物体内的一类呈母系遗传的细胞内共生细菌 ,这类细菌可以通过卵的细胞质传播并参与调控寄主的生殖活动。通过对Wolbachia外膜蛋白质的wsp基因进行特异性扩增 ,证实了寄生于不同植物的棉蚜 (AphisgossypiiGlover)体内均有感染 ,说明Wolbachia可能广泛存在于棉蚜体内 ,扩增出的Wolbachia目的片段为 5 90bp左右。通过对棉蚜体内感染的Wolbachia的wsp基因序列进行分子检测 ,为进一步研究棉蚜的孤雌生殖与Wolbachia的相关关系等奠定基础。  相似文献   

11.
    
Prevailing triple infection with three distinct Wolbachia strains was identified in Japanese populations of the adzuki bean beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis. When a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was conducted using universal primers for ftsZ and wsp, Wolbachia was detected in all the individuals examined, 288 males and 334 females from nine Japanese populations. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of cloned wsp gene fragments from single insects revealed that three types of wsp sequences coexist in the insects. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the wsp sequences unequivocally demonstrated that C. chinensis harbours three phylogenetically distinct Wolbachia, tentatively designated as wBruCon, wBruOri and wBruAus, respectively. Diagnostic PCR analysis using specific primers demonstrated that, of 175 males and 235 females from nine local populations, infection frequencies with wBruCon, wBruOri and wBruAus were 100%, 96.3% and 97.0%, respectively. As for the infection status of individuals, triple infection (93.7%) dominated over double infection (6.1%) and single infection (0.2%). The amounts of wBruCon, wBruOri and wBruAus in field-collected adult insects were analysed by using a quantitative PCR technique in terms of wsp gene copies per individual insect. Irrespective of original populations, wBruCon and wBruOri (107 -108 wsp copies/insect) were consistently greater in amount than wBruAus (106 -107 wsp copies/insect), suggesting that the population sizes of the three Wolbachia strains are controlled, although the mechanism is unknown. Mating experiments suggested that the three Wolbachia cause cytoplasmic incompatibility at different levels of intensity.  相似文献   

12.
【目的】本研究旨在揭示河南省不同地区棉蚜Aphis gossypii种群共生菌Wolbachia的感染情况,明确Wolbachia的感染类型及分类地位。【方法】2016-2017年间采集河南省不同地区的13个棉蚜种群,通过扩增COI基因片段对其进行种类鉴定;通过扩增棉蚜种群中Wolbachia的wsp基因片段对其进行Wolbachia感染率的检测,应用neighbor-joining法构建系统进化树进行棉蚜种群中Wolbachia的系统发育分析。【结果】对河南省内不同地区采集的13个棉蚜种群的Wolbachia感染率而言,郑州(ZZ)种群最高(46.67%),信阳2(XY2)种群最低(6.67%),13个种群Wolbachia的感染率范围为6.67%~46.67%,平均感染率为28.35%。基于wsp基因构建的系统发育树表明,安阳和信阳的棉蚜种群感染的Wolbachia株系属于B大组,其余地区棉蚜种群感染的Wolbachia株系属于A大组。【结论】河南省不同地区的棉蚜种群Wolbachia感染率差别较大,且不同种群感染的Wolbachia株系分别属于A大组或B大组。  相似文献   

13.
我国麦蚜体内的沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia)的检测   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5  
龚鹏  沈佐锐  李志红 《昆虫知识》2002,39(3):188-190
沃尔巴克氏体是广泛分布于节肢动物体内的一类共生细菌 ,它们参与多种调控其寄主生殖活动的机制。本研究通过wsp基因的特异性扩增证实了沃尔巴克氏体在麦长管蚜Sitobionavenae(Fabricius)体内的共生。而且在麦长管蚜的两种体色型 (绿色型和红色型 )中都检测到了沃尔巴克氏体的共生。  相似文献   

14.
Thirty‐five percent of isopods are estimated to be infected by Wolbachia, an intracellular maternally inherited αProteobacterium. Previous studies have indicated that horizontal transfer of Wolbachia strains may occur, although the mechanisms are unclear. The wsp gene was sequenced from 17 Wolbachia strains harboured by crustacean host species and three from their associated predators and parasites. Two major clades of Wolbachia were found in crustacean, with relatives also found in insects, the other restricted to crustaceans. Highly divergent Wolbachia strains were found in a woodlouse‐eating spider and its prey, suggesting no intertaxon bacterial exchange via the predator–prey route. The phylogenetic proximity of Wolbachia from parasitoid flies or phoretic mites to those from isopods suggests that horizontal symbiont transmission may have occurred between those taxa. Two distant Wolbachia strains were detected in two intertidal amphipods; these strains were closely related to different coastal isopod symbionts, suggesting Wolbachia transmission may occur between distantly related crustacean hosts living under the same ecological conditions.  相似文献   

15.
    
Trichogramma ostriniae was imported into the USA from China and it continues to be evaluated as a biological control agent against the European corn borer and other lepidopteran pest species. A natural enemy's ability to overwinter is a facet of its biology with important ramifications for biological control and non-target effects. Thus, studies were conducted to examine the ability of the introduced egg parasitoid to survive over winters in central New York State. Eggs of Ostrinia nubilalis, Ephestia kuehniella, Trichoplusia ni, Helicoverpa zea and Utetheisa ornatrix were subjected to parasitism by adult T. ostriniae and then placed out of doors and exposed to winter conditions. For trials initiated in 2003 and 2004, the adult parental wasps were exposed to a diapause-inducing photoperiod and temperature regime in the laboratory; in 2010, parental wasps were conditioned out of doors and prior to the onset of winter conditions. Emergence of their progeny was monitored over time by taking aliquots of parasitised eggs, and holding them under warm conditions until emergence was complete. The level of wasp emergence generally displayed a decline followed by gradual increase until spring. Levels of overwintering ranged from 1% for O. nubilalis to 76% for E. kuehniella, and logistic regression indicated that the odds of overwintering was dependent on the year, host species, time out of doors and varied over exposure time depending on host. The potential to overwinter in New York was further confirmed by positive identification of T. ostriniae from naturally occurring O. nubilalis eggs collected from field sites where augmentative releases had been made in previous years.  相似文献   

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