亚热带山地突脉青冈群落能量的研究

对突脉青冈（Ｃｙｃｌｏｂａｌａｎｏｐｓｉｓｅｌｅｖａｔｉｃｏｓｔａｔａ）群落植物体各组分的热值、群落能量现存量、能量年净固定量和太阳能转化效率的研究结果表明：该群落植物体各组分样品的干重热值具有一定差异,树皮热值最高,细根热值最低。突脉青同群落的能量现存量８５２０５８ｋＪｍ－２,其中地上部分７４１４１６ｋＪｍ－２,占总量的８７．０１％;地下部分１１０６４２ｋＪｍ－２,占１２．９９％。突脉青冈１９９６年群落能量净固定量为２８２７３ｋＪｍ－２,林地太阳光有效辐射能转化效率１．３５％。     

武夷山黄山松群落能量的研究

在生物量,生产力研究的基础上,通过干重热值测定,对黄山松（Ｐｉｎｕｓｔａｉｗａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）群落的能量现存量,能量净固定量及太阳能转化效率进行分析讨论,测定结果表明,（１）黄山松群各组分样品的干重热值具有一定的差异,树皮的干重热值最高,为２２．１４ｋＪ／ｇ,枯根的干重热最低,为１６．２７ｋＪ／ｇ。（２）黄山松群落的能量现存量为３７９８３２．３ｋＪ／ｍ＾２,其中地上部分为２７５４８８．０ｋＪ／ｍ＾２     

鼎湖山亚热带季风常绿阔叶林的生物量和光能利用效率

报道鼎湖山自然保护区黄果厚壳桂群落的生物量、生产力和光能利用效率。根据群落的种类成分和结构特征,分层选主要树种,用样本收获法和红外线ＣＯ２气体分析法,测定了群落的生物量、光合速率和呼吸速率,计算了群落的生产力和光能利用效率．结果表明,群落的生物量为２０８ｔ·ｈｍ－２;总生产力为１２８７０４ｋＪ·ｍ－３·ａ－１,净生产力为３０４５１ｋＪ·ｍ－２·ａ－１;由总生产力计算光合有效辐射能的吸收利用率为９,６６％,净生产力的利用率为２．２８６％,并与厚壳桂群落作比较,阐明了南亚热带森林群落的生产潜力．     

小叶章草地生态系统结构与功能的研究Ⅳ能量的固定和分配

小叶章草在生态系统年净初级生产力为３０５７９。１７ｋＪ／ｍ＾２．ａ,其中地上净初级生产力占３７．６４％,地下净初级生产力占６２．３６％。不同植物器官（组分）的能量现存量差异很大,上部根占植物亚系统总能量现存量的５４．８７％,穗的能量现存量仅占０．０３％,其它器官的能量现存量从大到小依次为：茎＞叶＞根茎＞枯落物＞下部根茎＞死根。不同植物器官（组分）热值含量水平亦存在较大差异,以去灰分热值比较,由大到     

鹤山南亚热带草坡生态系统的生物量和生产力研究

以能量利用效率研究为中心,系统研究并分析了鹤山南亚热带草坡多年的光合作用与总第一性生产力、生物量与生物量增量、气候生产力模型和能量利用效率等能量学特征。草坡的总生物量为１１．３０ｔ·（ｈｍ）－２·ａ－１,其生物量增量为１．３９８ｔ·（ｈｍ）－２·ａ－１;草坡的总第一性生产力为４５．５４ｔ·（ｈｍ）－２·ａ－１,净第一性生产力为９．１０８ｔ·（ｈｍ）－２·ａ－１,用于净光合作用耗热１０５．５ＭＪ·ｍ－２·ａ－１,净光合耗热中又仅有２１．１ＭＪ·ｍ－２·ａ－１,用于净第一性生产力,净第一性生产力中又仅有３．２４ＭＪ·ｍ－２·ａ－１用于生物量增量;草坡生态系统的光能利用效率为０．０７％。草坡的能量利用效率是很低的     

内蒙古锡林河流域羊草草原生态系统碳素循环研究

采用野外调查和模型预测方法相结合,对内蒙古锡林河流域一个永久试验样地内的羊草（Ｌｅｙｍｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｔｒｉｎ．）Ｔｚｖｅｌ．）草原群落的碳素贮量、主要流量和周转速度等进行了初步估计,研究了长期过度放牧对整个流域羊草草原土壤有机碳贮量的影响。结果表明：１）羊草群落净初级生产固碳量的多年实测平均值为（２３１．２５±７４．４１）ｇＣ·ｍ－２·ａ－１,向土壤中的碳素输入量为２２０．７５ｇＣ·ｍ－２·ａ－１,土壤呼吸量的模型预测值为（１８１．０３±４６．３２）ｇＣ·ｍ－２·ａ－１;２）该群落碳素输入略大于输出,其理论积累率为１９．８８ｇＣ·ｍ－２·ａ－１,实测积累率为３９．７２ｇＣ·ｍ－２·ａ－１;３）近４０年来,过度放牧致使锡林河流域羊草草原表层（０～２０ｃｍ）土壤的有机碳贮量下降了约１２．４％。     

青海海北地区高山嵩草草甸植物群落生物量动态及能量分配

对青海海北地区高山草甸主要植物群落小嵩草（Ｋｏｂｒｅｓｉａｐｙｇｍａｅａ）草甸、矮嵩草（Ｋ．ｈｕｍｉｌｉｓ）草甸、藏嵩草（Ｋ．ｔｉｂｅｔｉｃａ）沼泽化草甸地上生物量动态和能量分配的研究结果表明,不同植物群落年地上净生产量及其年际动态和主要植物类群生物量季节动态具明显的差异,其生物量季节动态可由如下模型表示：Ｗｉ＝Ｋｉ／（１＋ｅｘｐ（Ａｉ－Ｂｉｔ））植物群落地上、地下生物量的垂直分布呈典型的金字塔和倒金字塔模式。小嵩草草甸、矮嵩草草甸和藏嵩草沼泽化草甸的地上净生产量依次为３６８．４ｇｍ－２ａ－１、４１８．５ｇｍ－２ａ－１和５１８．４ｇｍ－２ａ－１,所固定的太阳能值依次为６６５５．１６ｋＪｍ－２ａ－１、７６１０．０９ｋＪｍ－２ａ－１、９４８８．７７ｋＪｍ－２ａ－１。光能利用率分别为０．１０９７％、０．１２５６％、０．１５６８％。     

福建秋茄红树林碳氢氮素的动态研究

本文主要探讨了福建九龙江口２０ａ生人工秋茄红树群落Ｃ、Ｈ、Ｎ素的含量、贮备及年动态。结果表明：（１）秋茄植物体不同组分Ｃ、Ｈ、Ｎ素含量有一定差异,含量范围分别为：Ｃ４３．８１％─５１．２２％、Ｈ４．５０％─５．６８％、Ｎ０．２３％─１．８０％,组分间差异程度顺序为Ｃ＜Ｈ＜Ｎ。原子数率为Ｃ（１）Ｈ（１．１１─１．４８）Ｎ（０．００４─０．０３４）。（２）群落Ｃ、Ｈ、Ｎ素现存总库量分别为７４５７．５３ｇ／ｍ￣２、８３７．４８ｇ／ｍ￣２和７３．６１ｇ／ｍ￣２,其中地上部分别占５９．３１％、５８．４０％和５９．５４％,地下部分别占４０．６９％、４１．６０％和４０．４６％。（３）群落年净固定Ｃ素、结合Ｈ素和吸收Ｎ素分别为１１１３．４１ｇ／ｍ￣２、１２４．３７ｇ／ｍ￣２和１６．８３ｇ／ｍ￣２,其中用于群落自身增长而存留的分别为６８４．８８ｇ／ｍ￣２、７７．１５ｇ／ｍ￣２和６．６５ｇ／ｍ￣２,经凋落物年输出的分别为４２８．５３ｇ／ｍ￣２、４７．２２ｇ／ｍ￣２和１０．１８ｇ／ｍ￣２。（４）群落年能量净固定量为４３５４４ｋＪ／ｍ￣２,年Ｏ＿２净释放量为２９６９ｇ／ｍ￣２。     

福建九龙江口秋茄红树林凋落物年际动态及其能流量的研究

福建九龙江口红树林生态系统研究的一个主要部分。通过对秋茄红树群落凋落物进行为期１１ａ（１９８２～１９９２年）逐月连续测定。结果表明：凋落物产量年际波动在６５１．２～１１０８．６ｇ／ｍ２ａ,１１ａ平均为８６２．９ｇ／ｍ２ａ,其中,叶占总量的６３．３％,枝１５．９％,果１５．３％,花５．５％。不同年份凋落物量变化率（Ｒ）为１．７。１年中凋落物量以夏季＞秋季＞春季＞冬季。凋落物能流量达１２７０２～２１６６４ｋＪ／ｍ２ａ,年际均值为１６８３２ｋＪ／ｍ２ａ,其中春季３８４７,夏季６５５７,秋季４２１４,冬季２２１４（ｋＪ／ｍ２）。各组分能流量分别为：落叶１０７５６,落枝２６８３,落花９３０,落果２４５３（ｋＪ／ｍ２ａ）。大量凋落物可为近海河口海洋生物提供可持续利用的有机物质和能量来源。     

鹤山马占相思人工林的能量现存量及能量流动

通过测定广东鹤山一个马占相思（Ａｅａｅｉａ ｍａｎｇｉｕｎ）人工林的辐射能环境,优势种的净光合速率、呼吸速率和生产力,群落的生物量及热值,定量地刻划了太阳辐射能被马占相思群群吸收、固定、转化、损耗、积累和分配的生物能量学过程。全年抵达林冠上层的总太阳辐射能力４３５１．４ＭＪ．ｍ＾－２．ｓ＾－１,能量量为１４．８ＭＪ．ｍ＾－２．ｓ＾－１,折合光能利用效率为０．３４％,群落的能量正面量为１９３．９ＭＪ     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.