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1.
张颖  周永红  张利  张海琴  杨瑞武  丁春邦 《遗传》2006,28(4):449-457
对鹅观草属、披碱草属、猬草属和仲彬草属23个物种和1份外类群共24份材料进行了细胞质基因组PCR-RFLP分析。3个叶绿体和3个线粒体通用引物扩增出的片段,用15种限制性内切酶对其进行酶切。在47种引物/酶组合中,获得329条DNA片段,其中304条具有多态性,占92.4%。结果表明鹅观草属、披碱草属、猬草属和仲彬草属材料存在属间和种间多态性,遗传相似系数较高。聚类分析显示仲彬草属单独聚为一类,鹅观草属R. grandisR. aristiglumisR. elytrigioidesR. alashanicaR. magnicaespes聚为一类,R. caucasicaR. ciliarisR. amurensisR. japonensis聚在一起,5个披碱草属材料、3个猬草属材料和1个鹅观草属物种R. kamoji聚为一类。这些结果与前人对其进行的RAPD和RAMP分析的结果基本一致。仲彬草属作为属分类等级处理是恰当的,对于鹅观草属、披碱草属和猬草属的系统地位和一些物种的分类处理,有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

2.
利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对小麦族披碱草属、鹅观草属和猬草属3个属的模式种进行了基因组DNA多态性分析。42个引物产物的290条谱带中,257条(88.62%)表现出多态性,说明披碱草属、鹅观草属和猬草属3个属的模式种间具有丰富的遗传多样性。利用290个RAPD标记,计算材料间Nei氏遗传相似性系和遗传距离,在NTSYS程序中利用UPGMA进行聚类。结果表明,Elymus sibiricus种不同居群间的遗传差异较小,遗传距离在0.097-0.180之间。E.sibiricus,Roegneria caucasica和Hystrix patula的种间遗传差异明显,遗传距离在0.458-0.605之间。H.patula与E.sibiricus的亲缘关系较近。R.caucasica与E.sibiricus的亲缘关系较远。  相似文献   

3.
应用RAMP分子标记探讨拟鹅观草属的种间关系   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用RAMP (random amplified microsatellite polymorphism) 标记技术, 分析了拟鹅观草属9种1亚种和鹅观草属6 种植物之间的遗传变异和亲缘关系。33 个引物组合产生的310 条DNA扩增片段中, 286条(92 25%) 具有多态性, 每个引物组合产生5~13条多态性带, 平均为8 67条。利用310个RAMP标记, 在NTSYS pc软件中, 计算Jaccard遗传相似系数, 建立UPGMA聚类图。结果表明: (1) 物种间遗传差异明显, 具有丰富的遗传多样性; (2) 阿拉善鹅观草和大丛鹅观草与拟鹅观草属的物种聚类在一起, 表明它们与拟鹅观草属的亲缘关系较近, 而与本试验所分析的另外4个鹅观草属物种的亲缘关系较远; (3) RAMP分子标记可以将拟鹅观草属的物种分开, 而且形态相似、地理分布相同或相近的物种聚类在一起;(4) RAMP结果与形态学和细胞学的分析结果一致, 表明RAMP标记是评价拟鹅观草属种间关系十分有效的方法。  相似文献   

4.
凡星  廖莎  沙莉娜  刘静  王晓丽  周永红 《遗传》2009,31(10):1049-1058
文章对禾本科小麦族猬草属及其近缘属Thinopyrum(Eb)、Lophopyrum(Ee)、拟鹅观草属(St)、新麦草属(Ns)、大麦属(H)、赖草属(NsXm)和披碱草属(StH)植物共23个类群的单拷贝核Pgk1基因序列进行系统发育分析, 探讨猬草属及其近缘属植物的系统发育关系。序列分析发现Pgk1基因序列在L. arenarius和Psa. juncea中有81 bp的Stowaway家族DNA转座元件插入, 而在Hy. duthiei、Hy. duthiei ssp. longearistata和L. akmolinensis中有29 bp Copia家族的反转录转座元件插入。最大似然和贝叶斯推断进行的系统发育分析表明: (1)猬草属模式种Hy. patula与披碱草属、拟鹅观草属和大麦属具有密切的亲缘关系; (2)猬草属的其他物种Hy. duthiei、Hy. duthiei ssp. longearistata、Hy. coreana和Hy. komarovii与新麦草属和赖草属植物亲缘关系密切。研究结果支持将Hy. patula从猬草属组合到披碱草属中, 而Hy. duthiei、Hy. duthiei ssp. longearistata、Hy. coreana和Hy. komarovii应组合到赖草属中。  相似文献   

5.
小麦族披碱草属、鹅观草属和猬草属模式种的C带研究   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
采用改良的Giemsa C带技术,分析了小麦族披碱草属、鹅观草属和猬草属模式种的染色体C带带型。Elymus sibiricus、Roegneria caucasica和Hysrix patula的染色体在Giemsa C带带型上存在明显的差异,显示了这3个属模式种的物种特异性。3个模式种的Giemsa C带核型表明,C带带纹主要分布在染色体的末端和着丝粒附近,而中间带相对较少。对E.sibiricus、R.caucasica和H.patula的St、H、Y染色体组C带带型与其它物种的St、H、Y染色体组C带带型的差异进行了讨论。  相似文献   

6.
应用ISSR标记研究仲彬草属植物的遗传变异   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
张利  周永红  丁春邦  杨瑞武  刘世贵   《广西植物》2006,26(4):375-380,394
利用ISSR标记对仲彬草属14个种和1个变种共32份材料进行了研究。结果表明:仲彬草属材料间ISSR标记多态性较高,变异较大。12个引物共扩增出593条带,其中535条(90.2%)具有多态性,每个引物可扩增出11~80条多态性带,平均44.6条。ISSR标记遗传相似系数在种间变化范围为0.430~0.866,平均值为0.620。从聚类分析得知,ISSR标记能将32份仲彬草属材料完全分开,32份材料聚为4类。同种不同居群的材料分别聚在一起,亲缘关系较近,同时,在分子水平上种内不同居群间也存在分化;种间存在明显的遗传差异;形态相似、地理分布一致的物种倾向于聚类在一起,有一定的亲缘关系。因此,ISSR分子标记能有效地评价仲彬草属物种的亲缘关系。  相似文献   

7.
小麦族四个属模式种的醇溶蛋白分析   总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (APAGE)对小麦族披碱草属、鹅观草属、猬草属和仲彬草属 4个属的模式种进行了醇溶蛋白电泳分析 ,结果表明 :(1 ) 4个模式种具有明显的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性 ,其种间醇溶蛋白多态性高达 92 .3 % ;(2 ) Elymus sibiricus和 H ystrix patula具有相似的醇溶蛋白带型 ,而 Roegneria caucasica和Kengyilia gobicola的带型基本相似 ,其醇溶蛋白图谱能够反映一定的系统关系 ;(3 )不同收集地的 E. sibiricus材料间也存在明显的醇溶蛋白遗传差异 ,新疆的 E. sibiricus具有较丰富的醇溶蛋白带纹 ,而甘肃的 E. sibiricus的醇溶蛋白带纹较少。  相似文献   

8.
应用数量分类探讨鹅观草属的归属问题   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
研究全世界鹅观草属只Roegneria C.Koch中绝大多数种类与其有关属(冰草属、披碱草 属、偃麦草属及赖草属)的外部形态、解剖、细胞等30个性状,应用相关系数抑或距离系数以及各种聚类方法组合所得出的树系图,均明确显示鹅观草属应归入披碱草属。  相似文献   

9.
黑药仲彬草Kengyilia melanthera(Keng)J.L. Yang,Yen et Baum和青海仲彬草K.kokonorica (Keng)J.L.Yang,Yen et Baum是分布于我国西部的两种多年生六倍体植物。将其分别与鹅观草 Roegneria kamoji Ohwi(2n=42,StStHHYY)、糙毛仲彬草K.hirsuta(Keng)J.L. Yang,Yen et Baum (2n=42,PPStStYY)进行了杂交;对亲本及杂种Fl代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I染色体配对行为进行 了观察。杂种F1减数分裂染色体配对平均构型分别为:R.kamoji×K.melanthera,18.201+11.74 Ⅱ 十0.09Ⅲ十0.01V;K.hirsuta×K.melanthera,1.06Ⅰ十20.47Ⅱ;R.kamoji×K.kokonori- ca,19.36Ⅰ十11.26Ⅱ十0.04Ⅲ;K.hirsuta×K.kokonorica,2.46Ⅰ十19.44Ⅱ 十0.14Ⅲ十0.06 Ⅳ。根据以上结果,并结合形态特征,将黑药仲彬草和青海仲彬草从鹅观草属拟冰草组Roegneria sect.Paragropyron Keng中组合到仲彬草属Kengyilia Yen et Yang更为恰当,而不应划分到披碱草属E-lymus L.或偃麦草属Elytrigia Desv.中。  相似文献   

10.
利用RAPD分子标记评价仲彬草属的种间关系   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术分析了14种仲彬草属Kengyilia植物的种间关系。对34个OPRON公司十聚体随机引物进行多态性筛选,20个(58.8%)能产生多态性。14个引物产生的112个DNA片断,用于计算种间Jaccard遗传相似性系数分析,在NTSYS程序中利用UPGMA构建系统发育树状图。分析结果表明:(1)14个Kengyilia物种存在较大的遗传多样性;(2)青藏高原的物种与新疆的物种 的RAPD变异极大;(3)形态相似、地理分布一致的物种有一定的亲缘关系,聚类在一起;(4)RAPD结果与形态学和细胞学等分析结果一致。RAPD分析方法将为Kengyilia系统分类提供DNA水平上丰富的资料。  相似文献   

11.
The taxonomic status of Hystrix and phylogenetic relationships among Hystrix and its related genera of Pseudoroegneria (St), Hordeum (H), Psathyrostachys (Ns), Elymus (StH), Leymus (NsXm), Thinopyrum bessarabicum (E(b)) and Lophopyrum elongatum (E(e)) were estimated from sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The type species of Hystrix, H. patula, clustered with species of Pseudoroegneria, Hordeum, Elymus, Th. bessarabicum and Lo. elongatum, while H. duthiei ssp. duthiei, H. duthiei ssp. longearistata, H. coreana and H. komarovii were grouped with Psathyrostachys and Leymus species. The results indicate that: (i) H. patula is distantly related to other species of Hystrix, but is closely related to Elymus species; (ii) H. duthiei ssp. duthiei, H. duthiei ssp. longearistata, H. coreana and H. komarovii have a close affinity with Psathyrostachys and Leymus species, and H. komarovii might contain the NsXm genome of Leymus; and (iii) the St, H and Ns genomes in Hystrix originate from Pseudoroegneria, Hordeum and Psathyrostachys, respectively, while the Xm in Hystrix and Leymus has a complex relationship with the E or St genomes. According to the genomic system of classification in Tiritceae, it is reasonable to treat Hystrix patula as Elymus hystrix L, and the other species of Hystrix as species of a section of Leymus, Leymus Sect. Hystrix.  相似文献   

12.
The phylogenetic relationships of 15 taxa from Hystrix and the related genera Leymus (NsXm), Elymus (StH), Pseudoroegneria (St), Hordeum (H), Psathyrostachys (Ns), and Thinopyrum (E) were examined by using the Giemsa C-banded karyotype. The Hy. patula C-banding pattern was similar to those of Elymus species, whereas C-banding patterns of the other Hystrix species were similar to those of Leymus species. The results suggest high genetic diversity within Hystrix, and support treating Hy. patula as E. hystrix L., and transferring Hy. coreana, Hy. duthiei ssp. duthiei and Hy. duthiei ssp. longearistata to the genus Leymus. On comparing C-banding patterns of Elymus species with their diploid ancestors (Pseudoroegneria and Hordeum), there are indications that certain chromosomal re-arrangements had previously occurred in the St and H genomes. Furthermore, a comparison of the C-banding patterns of the Hystrix and Leymus species with the potential diploid progenitors (Psathyrostachys and Thinopyrum) suggests that Hy. coreana and some Leymus species are closely related to the Ns genome of Psathyrostachys, whereas Hy. duthiei ssp. duthiei, Hy. duthiei ssp. longearistata and some of the Leymus species have a close relationship with the E genome. The results suggest a multiple origin of the polyploid genera Hystrix and Leymus.  相似文献   

13.
Interspecific and intergeneric hybridizations were carried out in an investigation of genome homology between Hystrix patula and other species of Hystrix , as well as the generic relationships between H. patula and its related species. Meiotic pairing in the hybrids H. patula  ×  H. duthiei ssp. longearistata (Ns–), H. patula  ×  Pseudoroegneria spicata (St), H. patula  ×  Pse. libanotica (St), Elymus sibiricus (StH) ×  H. patula , H. patula  ×  E. wawawaiensis (StH), Roegneria ciliaris (StY) ×  H. patula , H. patula  ×  R. grandis (StY), and H. patula  ×  Psathyrostachys huashanica (Nsh) averaged 1.32, 6.53, 5.62, 10.08, 12.83, 3.57, 3.98, and 0.29 bivalents per cell, respectively. The results indicate that: (1) H. patula has no genome homology with H. duthiei ssp. longearistata or the Ns genome from Psathyrostachys ; (2) H. patula contains the same StH genomes as the Elymus species, and the St genome is homologous to the genome of Pse. spicata and Pse. libanotica ; and (3) H. patula has a low genome affinity with the StY genomes of Roegneria . Therefore, it is reasonable to treat H. patula Moench as E. hystrix L.  © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 153 , 213–219.  相似文献   

14.
The genus Elymus L. sensu lato includes Roegneria, Elymus, Hystrix, Sitanion and Kengyilia, and they are very important group in the tribe Triticeae. However, the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of them are still in dispute. The ITS sequences were obtained and analyzed for their phylogenetic relationships by using Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods. The main results were as follows: (1) Most species in Roegneria, Elymus and Sitanion were clustered in the St clade with diploid St genome species, and it was difficult to distinguish the species in Roegneria and Elymus; (2) The polyploid species with St genomes in the St clade were divided into three groups, which suggests that there exists differentiation of St genome in polyploids; (3) Most species of Kengyilia have only P-type of clone and clustered with diploid Agropyron species, which may suggest that Kengyilia is a valid genus; (4) Hy. patula, the type species of Hystrix was clustered with species of Elymus, while Hy. duthiei ssp. duthiei, Hy. duthiei ssp. longearistata, Hy. coreana and Hy. komarovii were grouped with diploid Psathyrostachys species. It indicated that Hy. patula is distinct related to other Hystrix species, and it is reasonable to treat Hystrix patula as Elymus hystrix and other species in Hystrix should be transferred to Leymus; (5) The “clones bias” in ITS sequences are widespread in the allopolyploid species. The article is published in the original.  相似文献   

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