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叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数可以反映叶绿体状态及光合作用效率,可用于探讨植物对环境的适应能力和响应机制。选择贵州省毕节市撒拉溪石漠化治理示范区,研究了区内28个不同等级石漠化(无、潜在、轻度、中度、重度石漠化)样地中所采集的168份石生苔藓植物标本,探讨了其相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)和叶绿素荧光参数对不同喀斯特石漠化生境的响应。结果表明:(1)石生苔藓SPAD值、叶绿素荧光参数受多种环境因子的综合影响,其中石漠化等级、大气温度、郁闭度、坡向的影响较为显著。(2)相较于低等级石漠化和阴坡生境,中高等级石漠化和阳坡的石生苔藓SPAD值和除非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)和非调节性能量耗散(ФNO)之外的叶绿素荧光参数均降低,可能由于在石漠化生态系统逆向演替后期,石生苔藓植物的叶绿素含量降低,PSⅡ反应中心活性受到影响,PSⅡ电子传递受阻,植物体通过增加热耗散和启动非调节性机制进行自我保护。(3)3种优势石生苔藓植物中,穗枝赤齿藓(Erythrodontium julaceum)的SPAD值显著低于圆枝粗枝藓(Gollania tereticaulis)和密毛细羽藓(Cyrt... 相似文献
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两种石楠叶绿素荧光参数日变化的比较研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以红叶石楠和光叶石楠为试验材料,研究了两种石楠叶绿素荧光参数的日变化。结果表明:随着日间光照强度的不断变化,即时最大荧光产量(Fm')、光系统Ⅱ实际量子产量(Yield)和光化学淬灭(qP)呈现出“V”型曲线;非光化学淬灭(qN)呈现出单峰曲线;表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)则呈现出双峰曲线;到黄昏时各参数基本恢复至早晨的水平,表明两种石楠均未发生光合机构的破坏。红叶石楠的Fm’、Yield、ETR、qP均高于光叶石楠,说明红叶石楠对光能的利用效率高于光叶石楠,表现出对当地环境更高的适应性。 相似文献
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吉首蒲儿根为近年发现的自然分布狭窄的珍稀植物,为了揭示其对不同生境的适应能力及机制,选择野外自然分布的3种河谷生境和人工引种的2种河谷外生境中的吉首蒲儿根为研究对象,比较其叶片形态和叶绿素荧光特征。研究发现,3种河谷生境吉首蒲儿根的叶面积、比叶面积要高于2种河谷外生境,而气孔密度、SPAD值则低于2种河谷外生境。5种生境吉首蒲儿根的Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Y(NPQ)没有显著差别,但谷外阳生生境下的吉首蒲儿根ETR max、Ik、qP和Y(Ⅱ)均高于其它各生境,而河谷林下生境吉首蒲儿根的ETR max、Ik、qP和Y(Ⅱ)均显著低于其它各生境,河谷瀑布生境、河谷山坡生境、谷外阴生生境吉首蒲儿根的以上4参数则无显著差别。结果表明:吉首蒲儿根能够通过减小叶面积、比叶面积,增加气孔密度、SPAD值来调整叶片结构,积极调控调节性能量耗散NPQ,提高PSⅡ实际光量子效率Y(Ⅱ)来适应较高的光照和中等空气相对湿度环境。 相似文献
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通过盆栽控水试验,分析了8种美国引进禾本科牧草在不同水分胁迫下叶片的叶绿素、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量和叶绿素荧光参数等的变化.结果表明,叶片叶绿素相对含量总体呈随水分胁迫程度加剧而降低的趋势,并在严重胁迫(HWS)下达到最低;在轻微水分胁迫(SWS)下各牧草脯氨酸含量增加缓慢,随水分胁迫的进一步加剧而急骤升高;可溶性糖含量随水分胁迫的加剧而持续增加;叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、ΦPSⅡ均随水分胁迫加剧先升高后降低,在轻度水分胁迫下达到最大,但各草种间变异情况不同.运用隶属函数法所得牧草综合抗旱性强弱顺序为:Ⅳ>Ⅰ、Ⅷ>Ⅱ>Ⅴ>Ⅲ>Ⅵ>Ⅶ,运用萎蔫系数直接评价的抗旱性结果为:Ⅳ>Ⅷ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅴ>Ⅵ>Ⅶ,即猫尾草(Ⅰ)、无芒雀麦(Ⅳ)和新麦草(Ⅷ)抗旱性较强,而细茎披碱草(Ⅵ)、高冰草(Ⅶ)较差. 相似文献
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叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论 总被引:562,自引:0,他引:562
叶绿素荧光动力学技术被称为研究植物光合功能的快速、无损伤探针。但其参数众多,且名称及在参数的生物学意义解释上存在不规范和混乱现象。本文通过对这些问题的讨论旨在引起使用者的注意,并探讨正确使用这些参数的途径 相似文献
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叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
叶绿素荧光动力学技术被称为研究植物光合功能的快速、无损伤探针。但其参数众多,且名称及在参数的生物学意义解释上存在不规范和混乱现象。本文通过对这些问题的讨论旨在引起使用者的注意,并探讨正确使用这些参数的途径。 相似文献
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芳樟不同无性系叶片光合色素含量及叶绿素荧光参数分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对18个芳樟[Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl]无性系叶片光合色素含量和叶绿素荧光参数进行了测定,并对各参数的相关性进行了分析;基于上述测定结果对供试的18个芳樟无性系进行了聚类分析.结果表明:芳樟不同无性系叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量分别为0.60~2.26、0.24~1.15和0.14~0.50mg· g-1,差异较大,部分无性系间叶绿素a和b以及类胡萝卜素含量差异达显著水平;其中,无性系BT2叶片的叶绿素a含量在18个无性系中最高,叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素的含量也较高.各无性系间叶片的初始荧光(Fo)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、PSⅡ电子传递情况(Fm/Fo)、光化学淬灭系数(Qp)、非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)和PSⅡ实际光化学效率(Qy)差异明显,且部分无性系间的差异达显著水平;各无性系间的最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)和荧光下降比值(Rfd)差异不显著.在各叶绿素荧光参数中,Fo与Fm显著正相关;Fm与Fv、Fv/Fm、Fv/ Fo、Fm/Fo以及Fv/Fm与Fv、Fv/Fo、Fm/Fo、Qy间均存在极显著正相关,其中Fv/Fm与Fv/ Fo、Fm/Fo的相关系数均达0.98;Qp与NPQ、Rfd呈极显著正相关,与其他参数则总体上呈负相关;Qy与Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Fm/Fo以及Rfd与NPQ、Qp、Qy均存在显著或极显著正相关.采用欧氏距离法,可将18个无性系划分为2类:第1类包含16个无性系;第2类仅包含无性系PC5和WP1.第1类又可进一步划分为2个亚类:第1亚类仅包含无性系BY2;第2亚类共包含15个无性系,其中的BT1与BT2距离最短,光合生理特征最接近.根据研究结果,初步推断芳樟各无性系叶片的潜在光化学活性和电子传递情况共同影响PSⅡ光能转换效率;无性系116、187、BT1和MD1对光能的利用率较高;无性系BT2则具有良好的光合生理性能. 相似文献
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研究了不同微量元素营养液,对栽培的三种桉树无性系苗木叶绿素及荧光参数变化。结果表明:各无性系苗木在全部测试性状的差异表现出极显著。在六个测试的微量元素因子中,Fe(B)显著地影响苗木的Fo、Fm、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm,Zn(C)显著地影响Fo、Fv/Fm,Mn(D)显著地影响叶绿素含量(SPAD值),Mo(F)显著地影响叶绿素含量、Fo,B(G)显著地影响叶绿素含量Fo、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm。相关分析表明Fm与Fo、Fv/Fo与Fo、叶绿素含量与Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm与Fv/Fo均存在显著的相关性。随着微量元素Fe、Zn、Cu、Mo、B浓度增大,Fo、Fv/Fm均呈增大趋势,但在不利的高浓度环境下,Fv/Fm降低。对三个无性系叶绿素荧光比较,U6与DH32-29具有高的Fo、Fm和低的Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo,DH201-2却具有低的Fo、Fm和高的Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo。对微量元素浓度变化,DH32-29较敏感。因此,叶绿素荧光参数可作为诊断植物微量元素营养状况的指标之一。 相似文献
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以津春3号黄瓜为试材,对其喷施0.05、0.1和0.5 mmol/L的水杨酸(SA)溶液,并进行了昼(40±1)℃/夜(30±1)℃高温胁迫处理,研究了黄瓜幼苗四叶期叶片叶绿素荧光参数变化.结果表明,高温胁迫下幼苗叶绿素荧光参数Fo、NPQ等显著升高,Fv/Fm、Fv′/Fm′等明显降低,嫁接苗的变化趋势弱于自根苗;不同浓度的SA溶液可缓解高温胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的影响,且以0.1 mmol/L的SA处理效果最优. 相似文献
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A practical spectrofluorimetric calibration method at room temperature is described for determining large chlorophyll a/b ratios on direct extracts from plant material of pigments in 80% aqueous acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N,N-dimethylformamide. The method is based on the work of Boardman and Thorne [Boardman NK and Thorne SW (1971) Biochim Biophys Acta 253: 222–231] who used diethyl ether as solvent. We repeated the calibration in diethyl ether and find significantly different parameters for the calibration curve. The range of standards in this work included solutions with chlorophyll a/b ratios of 10–125 in dimethyl sulfoxide, and of 10–220 in the other solvents. Fluorescence emission spectra were found to be a highly sensitive method for assessing chlorophyll purity. We determined the limits of sensitivity for each solvent from the calibration data. The empirically determined slope of the calibration curve was shown to be related to intrinsic properties of the chlorophylls in solution; this allows predictions of the performance of the method in other solvents. 相似文献
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用L I-6400光合仪对黄土高原常用造林树木刺槐的叶绿素荧光动力学曲线、淬灭分析、荧光光曲线以及荧光AC I曲线等生理特性进行测定和对比分析.结果表明:随着光照时间的加大,刺槐的荧光参数ETR、qP和N PQ逐渐上升并在21 m in左右达到稳定,与光合同步.最大荧光产量F m在叶片转入黑暗后逐渐上升,在44 m in左右趋于稳定;N PQ则开始下降,在35 m in左右达到稳定.当光强度>200μm o l.m-2.s-1时,Ph iPS2和Ph iCO2呈线性正相关,而当光强度<200μm o l.m-2.-s 1时,Ph iPS2和Ph iCO2呈线性负相关.CO2浓度和刺槐的荧光光合速率、Ph iPS2、Ph iCO2值存在着一定的正相关关系. 相似文献
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通通过液培试验,研究了硫浓度(0.01-32 mmol/L)对成熟期烤烟叶片叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明,成熟期烤烟叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量随硫浓度的升高而逐渐增加,但各处理差异未达到显著水平。在2-32 mmol/L处理之间,烤烟叶片的有效量子产量(EQY)、最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)、光合电子传递速率(ETR)随硫浓度增加而降低,非光化学猝灭(NPQ)、非光化学过程中的基本量子产量(Fo/Fm)、PSⅡ水裂解端失活程度(Fo/Fv)和PSⅡ反应中心关闭程度(1-qP)随硫浓度增加而升高,2 mmol/L处理的质体醌库(Fv/2)低于4 mmol/L处理外,但其它处理的均随硫浓度升高而降低。0.01 mmol/L处理烤烟叶片的EQY、Fv/Fm和ETR低于2-8 mmol/L处理,但高于16 mmol/L和32 mmol/L处理,其NPQ、Fo/Fm、Fo/Fv和1-qP变化趋势则与之相反;0.01 mmol/L处理的Fv/2低于4 mmol/L处理的,但高于2 mmol/L及8-32 mmol/L处理;低硫处理烤烟EQY、Fv/Fm和ETR的降低可能不是由Fv/2引起的,而是由于1-qP升高引起的。但16 mmol/L和32 mmol/L处理Fv/Fm 、ETR、EQY降低可能是1-qP与 Fv/2共同作用的结果。 相似文献
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Seymour Steven Brody 《Photosynthesis research》1995,43(1):67-74
This article is written in memory of Eugene Rabinowitch, one of the major prophets of photosynthesis. I speak on behalf of all the students and post-doctorial associates who were fortunate to be associated with and to have loved this wonderful man. I shall also describe my research with Eugene. We all remember him on the 1995 anniversary of his death (May 15, 1973).Written at the invitation of Govindjee. 相似文献
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The growth response of Chlorella sorokiniana to certain irradiance, DO, and temperature demonstrated the possible causes of low productivity with this strain in outdoor
cultures. The growth (biomass productivity) and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) were substantially reduced when the dissolved oxygen (above 200 % of air saturation) and temperature were elevated. 相似文献
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Effect of UV-B (1.9 W m-2) alone or in combination with supplemental "white light". WL (20 W m-2) exposure was studied on the energy transfer process of intact phycobilisomes isolated from Spirulina platensis. Exposure of UV-B or supplemental irradiation induced a decrease in room temperature fluorescence intensity and caused a
shift towards shorter wavelengths. The low temperature fluorescence measurements showed that UV-B impairs energy transfer
from phycocyanin to allophycocyanin B and the extent of damage may be reduced by the exposure to supplemental WL.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Based on the analysis of fluorescence quenching, the nonphotochemical dissipative processes were investigated in Norway spruce needles during acclimation to winter and spring conditions. The maximum nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching (qNmax) was reached at lower irradiances in winter (up to 310 μmol m-2 s-1) than in spring (about 1130 μmol m-2 s-1), but its values were nearly the same (qNmax = 0.91±0.01) during both winter and spring measurements. In early winter the pronounced initial fluorescence quenching (q0) suggested that nonradiative energy dissipation in the antennae complexes dominated. Significantly lower q0 (by 40-60 % compared to winter needles) during acclimation of needles to spring conditions supported a significant contribution of quenching in the reaction centres. These findings support the hypothesis that the antennae systems and reaction centres cooperate in the protective dissipation of excess excitation energy. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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A transient in chlorophyll fluorescence, which is associated with a transient in 9-aminoacridine fluorescence and a perturbation in the rate of oxygen evolution, has been observed in intact spinach chloroplasts. The results indicate that changes in the redox state of Q are, at least partially, responsible for the transient in chlorophyll fluorescence. The size of the transient is highly dependent upon the concentration of inorganic phosphate and upon the pH of the medium. The properties of the transient are consistent with the suggestion that it reflects changes in the levels of stromal intermediates during induction.Abbreviations BES NN-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)2-aminoethanesulphonic acid dihydroxyacetone-P(DHAP): dihydroxyacetone phosphate glycerate-3-P (PGA): glycerate-3-phosphate - HEPES N-2-Hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-2-ethanesulphonic acid - MES 2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulphonic acid - Pi inorganic phosphate - qE quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by the energisation of the thylakoid membrane - qQ quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by oxidised Q, the electron acceptor of photosystem 2 - ribose-5-P (R5P) ribose-5-phosphate - Rbu-5-P ribulose-5-phosphate 相似文献