小鼠膜型抗衰老蛋白Klotho基因特异片段的克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的克隆小鼠膜型抗衰老蛋白Klotho基因特异片段,制备小鼠Klotho多克隆抗体。方法以小鼠基因组为模板进行PCR,克隆了小鼠膜型抗衰老蛋白Klotho基因外显子Ⅳ部分序列,经BamH I和Nhe I双酶切后定向克隆到质粒pET-GST中,构建原核表达质粒pET-GST-Klotho,转化大肠埃希菌BL21（DE3）,用IPTG诱导表达。以重组GST-Klotho融合蛋白免疫家兔,制备Klotho多克隆抗体。结果表达产物经SDS-PAGE检测表明,在大肠埃希菌中成功表达了GST-Klotho融合蛋白,GST-Klotho融合蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白的15％左右;另外通过ELISA法测得抗血清抗体效价约为1：10000,Western印迹分析验证了抗体特异性。结论GST-Klotho融合蛋白的表达和Klotho多克隆抗体的制备为进一步研究Klotho蛋白在小鼠体内的表达模式以及相关抗衰老药物的研制奠定了基础。     

PTD融和蛋白的原核表达及其抗体制备

目的:为制备凋亡素重组蛋白抗体,首先获得凋亡素重组蛋白融合基因LTA,而且通过原核表达系统表达重组蛋白并制备其抗体,为进一步利用凋亡素重组蛋白导向治疗肿瘤的检测奠定基础.方法:应用重叠延伸的基因融合技术将LHRH(黄体生成激素释放激素)基因、TAT(HIV-1反式转录激活因子)基因和凋亡素基因重组,构建成凋亡素重组蛋白原核表达载体pET-28a-LTA,随后将表达质粒转入BL21菌株,经IPTG诱导表达重组融合蛋白,将已表达的重组蛋白通过Ni-NTA亲和色谱柱进行纯化,并制备LTA凋亡素重组蛋白抗体.结果:表达产物经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,LTA蛋白融合基因获得高效表达,凝胶薄层扫描分析表明表达蛋白占菌体蛋白12.6%.LTA蛋白经Ni-NTA亲和色谱柱柱纯化,以纯化蛋白为抗原免疫獭兔制备凋亡素重组蛋白抗血清.结果表明抗体的效价为1: 12800.结论:应用重叠延伸的基因融合技术获得凋亡素重组蛋白融合基因LTA,通过原核表达系统表达重组蛋白并制备其抗体.     

PTD融合蛋白的原核表达及其抗体制备

目的：为制备凋亡素重组蛋白抗体，首先获得凋亡素重组蛋白融合基因LTA，而且通过原恢表达系统表达重组蛋白并制备其抗体，为进一步利用凋亡素重组蛋白导向治疗肿瘤的检测奠定基础。方法：应用重叠延伸的基因融合技术将LHRH（黄体生成激素释放激素）基因、TAT（HW—1反式转录激活因子）基因和凋亡素基因重组，构建成凋亡素重组蛋白原核表达载体pET-28α～LTA，随后将表达质粒转入BL21菌株，经IPTG诱导表达重组融合蛋白，将已表达的重组蛋白通过Ni—NTA亲和色谱柱进行纯化，并制备LTA凋亡素重组蛋白抗体。结果：表达产物经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测．LTA蛋白融合基因获得高效表达，凝胶薄层扫描分析表明表达蛋白占菌体蛋白12．6％。LTA蛋白经Ni—NTA亲和色谱柱柱纯化，以纯化蛋白为抗原免疫獭兔制备凋亡素重组蛋白抗血清。结果表明抗体的效价为1：12800。结论：应用重叠延伸的基因融合技术获得凋亡素重组蛋白融合基因LTA，通过原核表达系统表达重组蛋白并制备其抗体。     

人乳头瘤病毒16型E7密码子优化后的原核表达及免疫原性研究

目的构建人乳头瘤病毒16型(HPV16)E7基因密码子优化后的原核表达系统,通过特异性抗体制备评价E7融合蛋白的免疫原性。方法人工合成优化后的HPV16 E7基因,利用特异引物扩增HPV16 E7基因。将E7基因连接至原核表达载体构建重组表达质粒pMAl-c2X-E7,转化至感受态细胞DE3后,经IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE分析表达产物E7融合蛋白。纯化后的E7融合蛋白免疫动物,采用ELISA检测动物血清效价。结果 E7基因PCR产物的测序结果与优化后的目的基因序列比对一致。表达的E7融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE分析表明:在相对分子质量50 000处有特异性表达带,与预期相符。以E7融合蛋白制备的多克隆抗体其血清效价可达1∶64 000。结论成功构建的重组表达质粒pMAl-c2X-E7可有效表达MBP-E7融合蛋白,E7融合蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。     

H9N2型禽流感病毒核蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的:利用大肠杆菌表达H9N2禽流感病毒(AIV)核蛋白(NP)与GST的融合蛋白并分离纯化,进行动物免疫制备多克隆抗体。方法:根据AIV NP基因序列设计引物,将已经获得的NP基因定向克隆到GST融合原核表达载体pGEX-KG并转化大肠杆菌,在IPTG诱导下获得高效表达。经谷胱甘肽层析柱分离纯化蛋白,制备抗原免疫家兔,得到pGEX-KG-NP多克隆抗体。结果:SDS-PAGE分析显示融合表达蛋白GST-NP相对分子质量约82 000,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的20%。Western-blot和ELISA检测结果表明,重组NP能与鸡抗AIV抗体发生明显的抗原抗体反应。自制的多克隆抗体能特异地与NP相互作用,可用于AIV病原诊断。结论:获得了NP基因的高效表达产物;制备了效价和特异性良好的抗重组NP多克隆抗体。经实验验证表达产物具有活性,多克隆抗体效价高,特异性强,为AIV病原诊断试剂的研发奠定了基础。     

单克隆非特异性抑制因子-β(MNSFβ)在大肠杆菌中的表达、抗体的制备及在小鼠子宫内膜上的组织定位

为了获得足够量的单克隆非特异性抑制因子-β蛋白(monoclonal nonspecific supressor factor β,MNSFβ)及其抗体用于探讨MNSFβ在着床中的作用机理,本研究构建了表达质粒pBV220/MNSFβ-hCGβ,在大肠杆菌中表达了融合蛋白MNSFβ-hCGβ,用抗hCGβ抗体对表达产物进行鉴定,结果表明融合蛋白MNSFβ-hCGβ得到了正确表达,且分子量和理论值相近。表达产物MNSFβ-hCGβ经初步纯化后用于免疫Balb/C小鼠,制备抗体。同时,我们还构建了表达质粒pGEX-4T-2/MNSFβ,在大肠杆菌中表达了融合蛋白GST-MNSFβ。用融合蛋白GST-MNSFβ对融合前的免疫小鼠回忆刺激并进行检测,制备了抗MNSFβ多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体。应用所制备的多克隆抗体进行免疫组化研究,对MNSFβ在小鼠子宫内膜上进行了组织定位,结果显示,MNSFβ在着床日(受精后第4.5天)小鼠子宫非着床位点的表达和着床位点相比明显提高。     

单克隆非特异性抑制因子—β（MNSFβ）在大肠杆菌中的表达、抗体的制备及在小鼠子宫内膜上的组织定位

为了获得足够量的单克隆非特异性抑制因子-β蛋白（monoclonal nonspecific supressor factorβ,MNSFβ）及其抗体用于探讨MNSFβ在着床中的作用机理,本研究构建了表达质粒pBV220/MNSFβ-hCCβ,在大肠杆菌中表达了融合蛋白MNSFβ-hCCβ,用抗hCGβ抗体对表达产物进行鉴定,结果表明融合蛋白MNSFβ-hCGβ得到了正确表达,且分子量和理论值相近,表达产物MNSFβ-hCGβ经初步纯化后用于免疫Balb/C小鼠,制备抗体,同时,我们还构建了表达质粒pGEX-4T-2/MNSFβ,在大肠杆菌中表达了融合蛋白GST-MNSFβ,用融合蛋白GST-MNSFβ对融合前的免疫小鼠回忆刺激并进行检测,制备了抗MNSFβ多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体,应用所制备的多克隆抗体进行免疫组化研究,对MNSFβ在小鼠子宫内膜上进行了组织定位,结果显示,MNSFβ在着床日（受精后第4.5天）小鼠子宫非着床位点的表达和着床位点相比明显提高。     

青杄FKBP12基因原核表达和多克隆抗体的制备

目的:制备青杄FKBP12基因的多克隆抗体,为进一步分析FKBP12的蛋白定位、表达等提供基础。方法:采用PCR方法扩增FKBP12基因得到其全长cDNA序列,并将其克隆至原核表达载体pET-48b中,转化入BL21菌株。经IPTG诱导,表达了分子量约为33kD的重组蛋白,SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测鉴定表达产物。此蛋白经亲和纯化后,作为抗原注射新西兰兔,进行抗体制备。结果:成功获取了多克隆抗体,制备的FKBP12兔抗血清效价在1∶729 000以上,ELISA结果表明融合蛋白具良好的免疫原性。间接ELISA法检测纯化后抗体效价,表明纯化后抗FKBP蛋白兔多克隆抗体效价高,检测灵敏度为16ng/mL。结论:所制备的抗体能满足后续试验要求的效价值,为进一步研究提供基础。     

OS-9基因的融合表达、纯化及多克隆抗体制备

OS 9基因广泛表达于人体多种组织 ,该基因的表达产物可能与肿瘤的发生相关 .为获得可溶性表达的OS 9蛋白 ,制备多克隆抗体 ,深入了解OS 9基因的功能 ,将OS 9基因片段克隆入组氨酸标签融合的表达载体pET2 8a中 ,IPTG诱导 ,利用金属螯合亲和层析 (MCAC)进行纯化 ,薄层扫描及Bradford法检测纯化蛋白的纯度与含量 .免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体 ,利用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价 ,Western印迹检测抗体特异性 .经表达形式分析证明 ,融合蛋白大部分可溶 .薄层扫描分析纯度可达 90 %以上 ,Bradford法检测蛋白浓度约 0 1mg ml.抗血清效价可达 1∶32 0 0以上 ,Western印迹检测证明抗体特异性良好 .经诱导表达及纯化制备出可溶的纯度较高的OS 9蛋白产物 ,并获得高效价特异性良好的多克隆抗体     

组织因子膜外区融合蛋白基因的表达及产物的分离纯化与活性分析

 为构建表达组织因子 (TF)膜外区的融合载体 ,制备组织因子膜外区 ,抽提人胎盘组织的总RNA,通过 RT- PCR法扩增出 TF的 c DNA克隆至 p UC1 8并测定全序列 .然后以此为模板 ,再次PCR扩增出 TF膜外区 (soluble TF,s TF) c DNA,并将其插入到谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶融合表达载体 p GEX4T- 1 ,构建了 tac启动子控制下的 GST- s TF融合蛋白的表达载体 .表达的融合蛋白经亲和层析、凝血酶切得到纯化的 s TF.表达产物经 ELISA验证 ,能特异性地与 TF抗体结合 .重新脂化后 ,该产物具有较大凝血活性 .以上说明采用融合蛋白表达系统可以大量制备组织因子膜外区 ,为研制国产重组凝血活酶试剂和研究 s TF的结构和功能创造条件 .     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).