对虾的不同发育阶段对有机磷农药的敏感性及其机理初探

对硫磷、甲基异柳磷和久效磷对中国对虾无节幼虫、蚤状幼虫、糠虾幼虫、仔虾的２４ｈＬＣ５０分别为６．０、４．０、３．８、１８×１０－３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１;８．０、３．５、３．５、３０×１０－３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１;２４、２４、２４、０．９ｍｇ·Ｌ－１;敌敌畏均为４８×１０－３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１;对硫磷对南美白对虾为８．６、８．２、８．０、２．０×１０－３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１．研究结果表明,对虾的幼虫前期对硫代磷酸酯类农药的抗性强,仔虾及以后各期抗性弱,而各幼虫期对磷酸酯类农药的敏感性基本相同．     

芋的组织培养

１植物名称芋（Ｃｏｌｏｃａｓｉａｅｓｃｕｌｅｎｔａ）品种江汉芋（多子芋类型）。２材料类别茎尖及微芽。３培养条件分化培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ３．０～５．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．５;（２）ＭＳ＋６．ＢＡ１．０～２．０＋ＮＡＡ０．５。诱导生根培养基：（３）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．０～２．０＋ＮＡＡ０．１。培养基（１）、（２）中另加蔗糖３０ｇ·Ｌ－１,培养基（３）中加蔗糖１０ｇ·Ｌ１,琼脂６～７ｇ·Ｌ－１,ｐＨ５．８～６．０,１２１℃高温高压灭菌１５ｍｉｎ左右。光照度１５５～２０００ｌｘ,光…     

矮生鸡冠花的离体快繁及试管苗开花

１植物名称矮生鸡冠花（Ｃｅｌｏｓｉａｃｒｉｓｔａｔａ）。２材料名称无菌种子苗顶芽、腋芽。３培养条件基本培养基为ＭＳ。培养基组合为：（１）ＭＳ＋ＢＡ１－２ｍｇ·Ｌ~（－１）（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．１～０．２;（２）ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２＋ＩＡＡ０．２;（３）ＭＳ＋ＫＴ２;（４）ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．１～０．５。以上培养基均含３％蔗糖,０．６％琼脂,ｐＨ为５．８,培养温室为（２６±２）℃,光照１２ｈ．ｄ~（－１）（２０００ｌｘ）。４生长与分化情况４．１无菌材料的获得成熟的种子置７０％酒精中摇动５０ｓ后,转入饱和漂白粉溶…     

全缘金粟兰的组织培养和繁殖

１植物名称全缘金粟兰（Ｃｈｌｏｒａｎｔｈｕｓｈｏｌｏｓｔｅｇｉｕｓ）。２材料类别顶芽、带节的茎段。３培养条件（１）芽繁殖培养基：ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２．０～３．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＩＢＡ０．２～０．３;（２）生根培养基：ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．５。培养基中添加３％蔗糖,０．８％琼脂,ｐＨ５．８。培养温度为２５～２８℃,光照１２ｈ·ｄ－１,光照度约为１５００ｌｘ。４生长与分化情况４．１无菌材料的获得以芽尖和带腋芽的茎段为外植体,经消毒后,在超净工作台上,除掉部分叶片,将其接种于芽繁殖培养基上,经６０ｄ左…     

长寿花叶片愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生

１植物名称长寿花（Ｋａｌａｎｃｈｏｅｂｌｏｓｓｆｅｌ－ｄｉａｎａ）。２材料类别叶片。３培养条件培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋２,４－Ｄ１ｍｇ·Ｌ~（－１）（单位下同）＋６－ＢＡ０．１;（２）ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１＋６．ＢＡ０．１;（３）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１＋ＮＡＡ０．１;（４）１／２ＭＳ。以上培养基均加蔗糖３０ｇ·Ｌ~（－１）,琼脂８ｇ·Ｌ~（－１）,ｐＨ值为５．８,高压灭菌,培养温度２３～２６℃,光照１２ｈ·ｄ~（－１）,光照度１０００ｌｘ左右。４生长与分化情况４．１无菌材料的获得从实生苗上取下叶片,经自来水冲洗后,用…     

紫菀花序芽培养及植株再生

１植物名称紫菀（Ａｓｔｅｒｔａｔａｒｉｃｕｓ）。２材料类别花序芽。３培养条件愈伤组织、不定芽诱导及增殖培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５～２．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）;生根培养基：（２）ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５～２．０＋６－ＢＡ０．２,（３）１／２ＭＳ（大量元素减半）＋ＮＡＡ０．５～２．０＋６－ＢＡ０．２。上述培养基均加０．８％琼脂和３％蔗糖,高温高压灭菌前ｐＨ值调至５．８。培养温度为（２３１２）℃,每天光照１２ｈ,光照度为１５００～２０００ｌｘ４生长与分化情况４．１愈伤组织及不定芽的诱导剪取长约０…     

无花果曲霉原生质体形成与再生条件的探讨

根据正交试验得出无花果曲霉原生质体形成的最佳条件,用１％的混合酶液（０．５％纤维素酶＋０．２５％蜗牛酶＋０．２５％溶菌酶）作用无花果曲霉菌体细胞,原生质体产量达３．２×１０７个·ｍｌ－１,渗透压稳定剂为０．６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＫＣｌ于０．２ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＰＯ３＋４（ｐＨ５．８）中,酶解时间和酶解温度分别为３．０ｈ、３０℃．比较不同酶解时间、再生稳定剂和碳源等因素对原生质体再生的影响,可确定最佳再生条件,再生率达３０％以上．     

芥蓝的组织培养和快速繁殖

１植物名称芥蓝（Ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａａｌｂｏｇｌａｂｒａ）优良种株,取自广东汕头白沙蔬菜原种研究所。２材料类别未开花的植株基部腋芽。３培养条件（１）诱导丛生芽培养基为Ｍ１：ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２ｍｇ·Ｌ‘（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．２;Ｍ２：ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１＋ＮＡＡ０．１;Ｍ３：ＭＳ＋６．ＢＡ１＋ＮＡＡ０．２。上述培养基均含蔗糖３％,琼脂０．８％,ｐＨ５．８～６．０。（２）生根培养基：ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５＋２％蔗糖＋０．４５％卡拉胶（０．７％琼脂）。培养温度２０～２５℃,光照１２ｈ．ｄ－１,光照度２０００１ｘ４…     

影响大麦叶肉原生质体分离和培养的一些因子（简报）

从大麦幼苗分离叶肉原生质体，５ｄ苗龄的较４ｄ及６ｄ以上苗龄的得率高。提高Ｃａ＾２＋浓度有利于原生质体的分离，浓度为１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时的得率最高。在以添加０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ、１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ及０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＺＴ的改良ＭＳ培养基和微弱的光照条件下，原生质体能持续分裂，并形成小细胞团。     

项圈藻的生长及其主要营养成分的研究

项圈藻是程海湖中一优势种．在实验条件下,其生长的最适温度为２５℃,光照强度为６０００Ｌｘ,光照时间为２４ｈ昼夜连续光照,ＮＯ－３Ｎ为１０．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,ＰＯ－Ｐ为１．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,ＣＯ３２－Ｃ为１５０．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,Ｆｅ３＋为１．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,ＰＨ为９．０．其最大增长率为０．８１７,最短增倍时间为０．８５ｄ．其粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖和灰份的含量分别占干重的６１．２５、５．３０、２０．３４和８．２５％;氨基酸含量为５２．６３％．     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.