共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
大豆转基因的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来利用基因工程技术,大豆的遗传转化取得了较大的进展。该文介绍了几种主要的大豆遗传转化系统的优点和缺点。探讨了影响农杆菌介导大豆遗传转化的因素。分析了大豆遗传转化中存在的一些问题及其解决办法,评价了转基因大豆的生物安全性,展望了未来大豆遗传转化的发展前景。 相似文献
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大豆转基因体系的研究进展 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
从大豆的转基因方法和受体系统两个方面概述大豆转基因体系的最新研究进展,并讨论了大豆遗传转化的主要障碍及可能的解决途径。作者认为,以根癌农杆菌介导大豆子叶节和基因枪轰击大豆未成熟子叶是较有效的大豆遗传化系统。目前,在大豆遗传转化研究中存在着大豆组织培养体系有待于进一步完善、遗传转化率较低、重复性差、大豆受体基因型单一等问题,建立新的、高效和稳定的大豆组织培养体系,提高生产上栽培大豆品种的组织培养能力,改遗传转化现有的单一基因为多基因,可能是解决上述问题的有效途径。 相似文献
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根癌农杆菌介导的大豆遗传转化 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
农杆菌介导法是大豆遗传转化的重要方法之一 ,许多实验室应用该方法得到了转基因大豆 ,但目前使用该方法进行转化的效率还比较低 ,尚需深入研究。农杆菌菌株、大豆基因型、组织培养条件、T-DNA的转移效率和转化后的筛选模式都会影响大豆转化的效率。概述了近年来根癌农杆菌介导的大豆遗传转化的一些重要成果 ,以及转化过程中大豆的易感性与农杆菌的转化能力、乙酰丁香酮促进vir基因活化、转化的受体系统和巯基混合物减轻受体材料的褐化、提高T DNA的转移效率等几个重要因素的研究进展 ,并介绍了转化中常用的几个筛选标记基因 (nptⅡ、hpt、bar基因和突变的ahas基因 )及通过共转化法去除标记基因的方法 ,同时对今后研究的重点进行了讨论. 相似文献
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根癌农杆菌介导的高效大豆遗传转化体系的建立 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
利用根癌农杆菌对来自大豆成熟种子的胚尖进行遗传转化,研究了影响农杆菌介导大豆转化的各种因素,建立了一套优化的大豆遗传转化体系。研究结果表明:菌株KYRT1比EHA105和LBA4404具有更强的侵染能力;较酸的共培养基(pH5.4)、较低的培养温度(22℃)均有利于提高转化效率;恢复培养和分步抗性筛选方式有利于提高抗性组织的存活率和分化率。同时应用这种优化的遗传转化体系,获得了7个大豆品系的转基因植株,转化频率为4.29%-18%。经过PCR和Southern分析证明外源的双价抗虫基因cryIA(c)和pta已经整合到大豆的基因组中。 相似文献
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以草甘膦为筛选标记的大豆转基因体系的建立及抗除草剂转基因大豆的培育 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
抗草甘膦转基因大豆能显著提高大豆生产效率,具有重大的应用前景.本实验室前期研究建立了农杆菌介导、草胺膦为筛选剂的大豆转基因体系,转化效率在4%以上.在此基础上,利用G6-EPSPS和G10-EPSPS 2个具有自主知识产权的草甘膦抗性基因,通过优化转化体系,成功建立了以草甘膦为筛选剂的大豆遗传转化体系,转化效率达1%以上.浓度梯度实验发现,当草甘膦的筛选浓度为100 mg/L时,虽然丛生芽的再生率下降了50%~60%,但最终转化效率不受影响.进一步通过基因表达分析、Western blot、Southern blot和除草剂抗性鉴定等方法对转基因大豆进行了分子检测和验证,最后获得了分子特征明确、对草甘膦抗性稳定的抗草甘膦转基因大豆后代.结果对国内抗草甘膦转基因大豆转基因方法研究及抗除草剂新品种选育具有意义. 相似文献
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植物多酚对人体的保健作用已引起人们的广泛关注.大豆异黄酮和白藜芦醇是两类重要的多酚物质.综述了大豆异黄酮和白藜芦醇的研究进展,重点阐述了大豆异黄酮合成酶基因和白藜芦醇合成酶基因的遗传转化,并对该领域今后的研究做了展望,为通过基因工程调控植物多酚的合成提供了新思路. 相似文献
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大兴安岭兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)天然林分级木转换特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过调查样地,作树干解析,分析了不同结构兴安落叶松天然林分级木(优势木、平均木和被压木)转换特征。研究表明:(1)不同结构的兴安落叶松天然林分级木转换年龄、方向和转换率均不同。兴安落叶松分级木转换率29.4%。分级木中,优势木、平均木和被压木转换率分别35.3%、41.2%、11.8%。分级木转换中,优势木与平均木相互转换比例较高,优势木转平均木占83.3%,平均木转优势木占85.7%;优势木向被压木转换比例仅为16.7%;被压木不能转换成优势木,只能转换成平均木,被压木中无转换占88.2%,在森林经营和抚育采伐中应考虑伐除这些被压木。(2)在林分年龄36~65a范围内,随着林分年龄增大,其转换率呈增加趋势。林分年龄30~39a、50~59a和60~69a时,其转换率分别0、33.3%和46.7%。(3)随着林分密度增加,分级木转换率呈增高趋势。当林分密度小于2500株.hm^-2时,主要于优势木与平均木间转换。当林分密度大于2500株.hm^-2时,才出现其它分级木与被压木相互转换现象。(4)不同林型分级木转换率和转换方向不同。草类-落叶松和杜香-落叶松林分级木转换率分别50%和9.5%。(5)不同水平格局林分分级木转换率不同。聚集分布和随机分布时,其转换率分别61.1%和13.3%。 相似文献
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Alternative methods of plant transformation--a short review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rakoczy-Trojanowska M 《Cellular & molecular biology letters》2002,7(3):849-858
Several methods of transformation are currently available for delivering exogenous DNA to plant cells. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, microprojectile bombardment and direct protoplast transformation are routinely used today. However, each of them has certain disadvantages, which led to research into the development of novel alternative systems such as infiltration, electroporation of cells and tissues, electrophoresis of embryos, microinjection, pollen-tube pathway, silicon carbide- and liposome-mediated transformation. The low efficiency of transformation is considered to be the main reason for the limited popularity of the alternative transformation methods, other than infiltration and silicon carbide-mediated transformation, which seem to be the most promising ones for practice. 相似文献
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Optimal concentrations of magnesium and calcium ions under their combined effect on genetic transformation in Bacillus suttilis are 2 - 10(-2) M and 4 - 10(-2) M respectively. The same concentrations are optimal under the effect of each cation clone. Magnesium ions are efficient during irreversible DNA binding. In the presence of magnesium ions calcium ions stimulate more late stages of transformation. The greatest efficiency of transformation is shown in consecutive effect of magnesium ions at early stages of transformation and of calcium ions at late transformation stages. This suggests that magnesium and calcium ions stimulate the activity of nuclease, taking part at early and late transformation stages. 相似文献
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DNA-mediated transformation is a powerful tool that allows the introduction of specific genetic changes in an organism. Transformation of Aspergilli, acclaimed for their wide use in the industry, has been possible for about two decades now. Several basic and applied problems related to fungal biology have been addressed using this technique. Nonetheless, new markers and strategies for transformation are still being developed for these filamentous fungi. Different methods and markers that are currently available for the transformation of Aspergilli are summarized here. The review also brings out the importance of these transformation systems in analyzing fungal gene function. Aspects of Aspergillus niger transformation are selectively emphasized. 相似文献
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Recent advances in wheat transformation 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Vasant janakiraman Martin Steinau Serena B. McCoy Harold N. Trick 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(5):404-414
Summary Since the first report of wheat transformation in the early 1990s, genetic engineering of wheat has evolved rapidly. Several
laboratories worldwide have reported the production of fertile transgenic wheat plants using a variety of methods. While there
are several innovative and promising approaches for wheat transformation using different explants as targets for transformation,
different methods of transformation, and different selection schemes, the most common approach to wheat transformation is
the bombardment of tissue derived from immature embryos followed by selection based on resistance to the bar gene. Even with all these successful reports, hurdles still exist for this recalcitrant crop. Of these hurdles, low transformation
rates, tools for transgene expression, and transgene silencing in subsequent generations are probably the most critical. This
review will provide an overview of wheat transformation in the past decade, addressing both positive and negative factors
that effect transformation while highlighting the successes of the past and prospects for the future. 相似文献
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The lateral oviducts of the milkweed bug undergo a drastic larval-adult transformation during the last larval instar. This transformation is hormonally regulated and is connected with considerable morphological and cytological reorganization. Prior to transformation, the ducts are long and thin. The epithelial cells are fusiform with their long axes running cranial-caudal. They are tilted and slightly helically arranged. During transformation, the lateral oviducts shorten dramatically, the cells become columnar, and their long axes shift into the plane of cross sections. Whereas the cells appear cytologically uniform in the larval state, after transformation, the lateral oviducts are divided into a cranial secretory part, and a caudal part which exhibits a cuticular lining. Secretory processes and deposition of the cuticle start in the larva, immediately after transformation. Cuticle synthesis is first observed next to the common oviduct and progresses craniad. The cuticle-lined luminal surface reveals circular ridges and an intricate pattern of cteniform spines which are directed caudally. The novel mode of cell rearrangement during oviducal transformation and the functional significance of the two parts of the adult lateral oviducts are discussed. 相似文献
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农杆菌介导法与基因枪轰击法结合在植物遗传转化上的应用 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
根癌农杆菌介导法(Agrohacterium mediated transformation)和基因枪轰击法( particle bombardment transformation)是植物遗传转化的主要方法。两种方法各有优缺点.农杆菌介导法是一种天然的植物遗传转化系统,外源基因在转基因植物中的拷贝数低,遗传稳定性好;基因枪转化法不受材料基因型的限制。通过结合两种方法的优点,发展了3种农杆菌介导和基因枪轰击法相结合的遗传转化方法,分别为农杆枪法、基因枪轰击/农杆菌感染法、金粉或钨粉包裹菌体细胞作为微弹轰击法。对3种结合转化方法的技术途径、原理、转化受体及研究进展等方面进行了综述。 相似文献
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Langbecker CL Ye GN Broyles DL Duggan LL Xu CW Hajdukiewicz PT Armstrong CL Staub JM 《Plant physiology》2004,135(1):39-46
Although leaf chloroplast transformation technology was developed more than a decade ago, no reports exist of stable transformation of undeveloped plastids or other specialized plastid types, such as proplastids, etioplasts, or amyloplasts. In this work we report development of a dark-grown tobacco suspension cell model system to investigate the transformation potential of undeveloped plastids. Electron microscope analysis confirmed that the suspension cells carry plastids that are significantly smaller (approximately 50-fold less in volume) and have a very different subcellular localization and developmental state than leaf cell chloroplasts. Using antibiotic selection in the light, we demonstrated that both plastid and nuclear transformation of these cell suspensions is efficient and reproducible, with plastid transformation frequency at least equal to that of leaf chloroplast transformation. Homoplasmic plastid transformants are readily obtained in cell colonies, or in regenerated plants, providing a more consistent and versatile model than the leaf transformation system. Because of the uniformity of the cell suspension model, we could further show that growth rate, selection scheme, particle size, and DNA amount influence the frequency of transformation. Our results indicate that the rate-limiting steps for nuclear and plastid transformation are different, and each must be optimized separately. The suspension cell system will be useful as a model for understanding transformation in those plant species that utilize dark-grown embryogenic cultures and for characterizing the steps that lead to homoplasmic plastid transformation. 相似文献
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Failure of the bovine papillomavirus to transform mouse embryo fibroblasts with a targeted disruption of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor genes. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Mouse embryo cells with a targeted disruption of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) genes (R- cells) are refractory to transformation by the simian virus 40 large T antigen and/or an activated and overexpressed Ras, both of which readily transform cells from wild-type littermate embryos and other 3T3-like cells. R- cells are also refractory to transformation induced by overexpressed epidermal growth factor receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta. Since the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta is required for transformation by bovine papillomavirus, we inquired whether the IGF-IR was also required for transformation by bovine papillomavirus E5 oncoprotein. We show here that R- cells are refractory to transformation by E5; reintroduction into R- cells of a human IGF-IR restores the susceptibility to transformation. 相似文献